cognitive explanation

Question 1

kohlberg’s theory

Answer 1

gender identity
gender stability
gender consistency
same sex role model

Question 2

gender identity

Answer 2

2-3 years
aware of own gender as boy or girl
identify other genders but not aware of permanence

Question 3

gender stability

Answer 3

4-5 aware of own gender fixed over time
confused by others non normative appearance/roles

Question 4

gender consistency

Answer 4

5+
recognises everyone’s gender is consistent despite unusual context (eg long hair on boys)

Question 5

same sex role models

Answer 5

after consistency kids identify and imitate same gendered individuals

Question 6

positive K

Answer 6

frey- showed kids in consistency stage watched same sex role models in a video rather than opposite

Question 7

negative K

Answer 7

little- showed kids as young as 3 had a preference and stereotypical understanding of toys and clothes. younger than consistency age

cultural bias- western. Berzani tribe- mead

Question 8

gender scheme theory

Answer 8

gender identity is when kids develop that schemes
in group- members of the child’s gender and out group the opposite. kids focus on in group developing a deeper understanding of their own gender

Question 9

positive of GST

Answer 9

martin- 5-6 year old kids switched genders of people in drawings to match the gendered activity

explains why kids show gender typed behaviour before constancy

Question 10

negative of GST

Answer 10

alaexander- showed monkeys without prior experience. boys- car and girls- dolls. innate