Cold Environment Examples - Canada, Greenland, Alaska Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is the annual average temperature on Baffin Island, Canada?
-12 degrees Celsius.
What is the main two food sources on Baffin Island, Canada?
Hunting animals such as seals, caribou/reindeer or rabbits, and fishing.
What two issues are caused by rising imports by TNCs on Baffin Island, Canada?
- Obesity.
- Loss of traditional farming methods.
What percentage of adults and the youth eat traditional food respectively on Baffin Island, Canada?
- 80% of adults.
- 40% of the youth.
How much does feeding a family of 4 cost on Baffin Island compared to southern Canada?
3 times as much as southern Canada.
What area does the Arctic cover?
14.5 million square kilometres across northern Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, Russia and the Arctic Ocean.
What is the average NPP of the Arctic, and how does this compare to other land biomes?
140g per square meter per year, the second lowest of all land biomes.
What four environmental challenges do plants in the Arctic have to adapt to?
- Year round low or subzero temperatures.
- Low amounts of moisture.
- Low soil fertility as plant material cannot or very slowly breaks down.
- Harsh winds and flat landscapes.
What four adaptations do arctic plants have to deal with the harsh conditions?
- Plants are compact to reduce water losses.
- They are low lying to reduce the impacts of wind.
- They are slow growing to ensure they survive long winters.
- They have short roots to avoid the permafrost layer.
What is an example of a fresh food farmed in Quebec, northern Canada, and what is its health benefit?
Mussels are collected from ice caves created by the tide going out, which are rich in vitamins and minerals.
What is an example of a traditionally hunted food in northern Greenland, and what is its health benefit?
Narwhals are caught with harpoons from kayaks, and narwhal skin has more vitamin c than oranges.
What is an example of a traditionally hunted food in Alaska?
Bowhead whales pass the coast twice a year, which are caught and stored in caves dug into the permafrost.
