Cold War 3 Flashcards
(44 cards)
When was the Hungarian Uprising
1956
Who was Matyas Rakosi
Leader of Hungary from 1949
Hard line stalinist
Used secret police to keep firm grip on country. Brutal regime.
Who was Cardinal Mindszenty
Cardinal who was arrested with other catholic church leaders.
Caused a lot of anger as Hungary a strong catholic country
When did Stalin die
1956
Who led USSR after Stalin
Nikita Khrushchev
What policy did Nikita Khrushchev introduce
Destalinisation
Wanted peaceful and open approach from Government not brutality of Stalin
Who led the Hungarian uprising?
Students
Saw desalinisation as an opportunity to get more independence from Moscow and less brutality in Hungary
What date did the Hungarian uprising start
23 October 1956 students took to streets
What did the students in the Hungarian uprising want
Greater freedom and civil rights
Withdrawal of Soviet troops
Removal of Rakosi and return of the exiled Imre Nagy
Who was Imre Nagy
Exiled communist leader from Hungary who supported reform.
Called for calm and pledged support for Hungarian Communist Party during the uprising
How did Khrushchev respond to the Hungarian uprising
Ordered withdrawal of soviet troops between 29-31 October
Did Nagy become leader of Hungary
Yes and there was hope life in Hungary would improve
What did Nagy do on 1 November 1956
Withdrew from Warsaw Pact
Announced Hungary was an independent and neutral country
How did Soviets respond to Hungary leaving Warsaw Pact
Khrushchev thought Nagy had gone a step too far
4 November soviet troops reentered Hungary and overpowered Hungarians crushing the uprising
What happened to Nagy
He was forced from power tried and executed
Who succeeded Nagy
Janos Kadar
Totally loyalty Moscow
Brutally dealt with any opposition
How did the West respond to the Hungarian uprising
US (Eisenhower) was clear Hungary in Soviet sphere of influence and didn’t interfere as wished to avoid conflict with USSR
What did the UN do in response to Hungarian uprising
Discussed issue on 4 November
Half vote calling on USSR to withdraw but USSR vetoed it.
Nothing UN could do to stop USSR
What other significant event was happening when the Hungarian uprising happened
The Suez crisis
What was the impact of the Hungarian uprising on the Cold War
Khrushchev showed despite his calls for peaceful coexistence between east and west he was willing to do anything o keep countries under Moscow’s control.
US had established it would not interfere with events behind the iron curtain
What was the Paris Peace Summit
Long planned peace summit in May 190 in Paris when Khrushchev and Eisenhower were due to meet.
Was the Paris Peace summit a success
It failed due to the U2 crisis
Eisenhower refused to apologise and only agreed to suspend spy plane flights.
Khrushchev walked out and cancelled Eisenhower’s planned visit to USSR in June 1960
What was the U2 spy plane
U2 spy planes were most effective intelligence gathering method US had. Flew at 23000m and could take photos without detection
What was the U2 crisis
U2 spy plane shot down by USSR over USSR on 1 May 1960.
US claimed it was a weather plane but clearly was not.
Day after Eisenhower admitted was spy plane but refused to apologise
