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History final > Cold War/Chinese Revolution/Korean War And Vietnam > Flashcards

Cold War/Chinese Revolution/Korean War And Vietnam Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Cold War

A

Struggle over political tension carried on by means short of military action or war
Struggle to see if Capitalism/Democracy or Communism/Totalitarianism would rule the world

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2
Q

USA and Soviet Union were uneasy allies

A

USA felt betrayed because of the German/Soviet nonaggression pact
USSRfelt betrayed due to the delay to attack Europe on D-Day

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3
Q

Yalta conference

A

Post war peace
Where they decided to plot Germany into 4 zones between French, British, USA, USSR
Stalin also promised Eastern Europe free elections after war

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4
Q

San Francisco conference

A

The United Nations established
Peace keeping organization
Replaced the League of Nations
NY

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5
Q

Post war goals of the Soviet Union

A
  1. Shield itself from another invasion from the west (Eastern Europe as buffer zone)
  2. Spread communism
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6
Q

USA major goals

A
  1. Stop the spread of communism
  2. Spread democracy
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7
Q

Potsdam Conference

A

Stalin said he wasn’t going to give free elections in Eastern Europe
He declared Capitalism and communism can’t exist in the same world
Cold War starts

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8
Q

2 German states created

A

Federal republic of Germany (West Germany)
German Democratic Republic (East Germany)

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9
Q

Iron Curtain

A

Separated Communist Eastern Europe from Democratic Western Europe

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10
Q

US foreign policy

A

“Containment”
Stop the spread of communism and spread democracy

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11
Q

Truman Doctrine

A

Gave military aid to those who resisted or rejected communism
Turkey and Greece mainly needed it

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12
Q

Marshall Plan

A

Program to rebuild Western Europe
Only condition is reject communism
Offered to Stalin and Eastern Europe but they declined

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13
Q

Berlin Airlift

A

USSR demanded Berlin
Set up blockade on west Berlin
West Berlin faced starvation
USA and Britain airlifted food and supplies for 6 months
Soviets gave up and lifted blockade
First major conflict of the war

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14
Q

Rival military alliances

A

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
- USA, Canada, and Western Europe
Warsaw Pact
- Soviet Union and Eastern Europe

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15
Q

H bombs

A

thousands of times more powerful then the Atomic bomb

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16
Q

Brinksmanship

A

Willingness to go to the brink of war

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17
Q

Arms race

A

Next 40 years

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18
Q

Space race

A

Soviets created the first ICBM (intercontinental ballistic misile)
Soviets launch a dog into space (first living thing in space)
Soviets created the Sputnik I (first unmanned misile)
USA launches the explorer I ( first communication satellite)
USA launches the first spy planes
Soviets launch yuri Gagarin (first man in space)
USA launches Allen Shepard into space
USA launches John Glen (first to orbit earth)
USA sends Neil Armstrong to the moon (first man on the Moon)

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19
Q

Red Scare/Red Hunt

A

Fear that communist infiltrated the US government
Led by Joseph McCarthy

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20
Q

Berlin Wall

A

Living conditions in East Berlin were terrible
Hundreds of thousand fled East Berlin (Young Talented people)
Soviet Union built wall around East Berlin
Imprisoned or killed anyone who were caught trying to escape

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21
Q

Communism takes over Cuba

A

Fidel Castro
USA Greatly concerned

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22
Q

Bay of Pigs Invasion

A

President JFK gave permission to infiltrate Cuba and throw over the Government
CIA trained Cuban exiles
Failed and Cuba went to USSR for protection

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23
Q

Cuban missile Crisis

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A

Nikita Khrushchev placed nuclear bombs on Cuba facing the USA
Kennedy demanded they be removed (declined)
USA set up blockade around Cuba
Soviet sub story
Brink of nuclear war
Soviets backed off and it was the closest we’ve been to nuclear war

24
Q

Lee Harvey Oswald

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A

Assassinated JFK

25
Detente
Easing of tensions
26
SALT
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty - Negotiations between USA and USSR on limiting Nuclear weapons
27
End of Cold War
Fall of the Berlin Wall Fall of the Soviet Union - Ronald Raegan played big part in the fall of the Soviet Union
28
Communist revolution in China
Prior to WWII Chinese were in a bitter Civil war It was put on hold to fight Japan
29
Jang Jeishi/ Chang Kai
Led the Nationalist (Democratic) Forces
30
Mao Zedong
Led the Communist
31
Results of China Revolution
Communist forces won Nationalist forced to flee China to Furmosa (Taiwan) Communist China take Tibet by force
32
Dalai Lama
Spiritual and political leader forced into exile
33
The Great Leap Forward
Attempt to Modernize China Mao seized all land from landlords Started State controlled collective forms (Communes) Most peasants take off the farms and forced to work in factory production Failed because they didn’t have enough farmers to produce food
34
Results of The Great Leap Forward
Famine killed 30 million people
35
The Cultural Revolution
Goal was to establish a society of Peasants and Workers where all were equals Education was deemphasized “educated were dangerous” Emphasized the hands (Hard work) closed all schools Purge country of the Four Olds
36
The Four Olds
1. Old Thoughts 2. Old Cultures 3. Old Customs 4. Old Habits
37
Red Guards
Former High school and college students formed military units to enforce the revolution About 5-8 million died movement got carried away Ended with the Death of Mao
38
Korea
After WWII it dived into North and South USA occupies South Korea Soviets Occupied the North and forced communism on them Divided along the 38th parallel - DMZ (Demilitarized zone)
39
Korean War
US pulled out of South Korea North Korea Invades South Korea South Korea asked the United Nation for help
40
Gen Douglas McArthur
Led the United Nations forces to stop the invasion Drove the communists out of the south and invaded north
41
North Korean Forces
Chinese joined North Korea Greatly outnumbered and McArthur asked Harry Truman (pres) to launch atom bomb Truman Declines War ended in stalemate 4 million dead and Korea still divided
42
Vietnam
During imperialism France controlled all of indo china (Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia) Ho Chi Minh (communist) revolted against France but failed and was exiled After WWII Japan took Vietnam Ho Chi Minh came back and drove out japan and made Vietminh independence League (gain independence from France) USA supported France , Soviets supported communists Communists won USA scared Pres Dwight Eisenhower (domino theory)
43
Domino theory
Feared the rest of Southeast Asia would fall like dominos to communists
44
UN divide Vietnam
Create free elections
45
South Vietnam
Becomes democratic with the help of USA Ngo Dinh Diem - he ruled as brutal dictator - people hated him Vietcong (communist guerellas) led opposition to Diem and tried to taker over south Vietnam Kennedy sends military advisors to help
46
Golf of Tonkin
Congress authorizes Pres Lyndon Johnson to send troops Vietnam war begins Half a million troops fighting in Vietnam
47
Two major US army problems
1. Fighting guerilla war in unfamiliar territory 2. south Vietnamese gov was unpopular
48
Search and Destroy
US tactics to win was (helicopters) Problem because they couldn’t find the enemy - underground tunnels
49
Rolling thunder
US uses bombing campaigns Created more peasant opposition (huge peasant casualties) First war televised on tv - War extremely unpopular
50
Countercultural hippies - Flower children
Make love not war Led an anti war anti government movements Led mostly by college students 4 students from Kent state killed
51
Draft dodgers
Went to Canada
52
2 types of people
Doves - Anti war (young people) Hawked - Pro war (adults)
53
Pres Richard Nixon
Preassuered into gradually pulling out soldiers out of the war and replace them with south Vietnamese troops (Vietnamization)
54
End of Vietnam war
All troops eventually pulled out Communist promise free elections to south Vietnam (broke promise) South Vietnam fell to communists Vietnam - Communist to this day
55
Results of Vietnam
1. 58,000 us troops died 2. 2 million Vietnamese dead 3. Only war in history that we lost

History final (3 decks)

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