College 6 Flashcards
How do optimisation models work?
They simulate an optimal condition (objective) following a set of prior conditions, criteria (constraints) and decisions variables, normally relying on mathematical techniques
Name an example of an optimalisation model
Shortest path
Name two optimalisation approaches
- Mathematical programming 2. Heurisic method
How does mathematical programming work?
- linear, non-linear and mixed integer programming - relatively strict in formulation - aims to find limited number of global optima
How doe heuristic optimalisation work?
- genetic algorithms, neural networks, evolutionary programming - flexible, fast - sets of near optimal solutions
What are the main 3 conclusions of optimalisation?
- Prescriptive not descriptive - Presented examples do not offer a single unique solution - Other optimsation methods do offfer unique solutions
What does a rule-based simulation consist of? and what are some synonyms?
- Premise 2. Conclusion know as expert or what if models
Give an exaple of a rule based simulation
Universal Soil Loss Equation - breaks up erosion process into 6 factors
What is the universal soil loss equation?
A= RKLSC*P
What are the charesteristic of Multi-Agent models?
Agents are autonomous entities that: share a common environment and take decisions tha link their behaviour to the environment
Name some Multi Agent interaction environments
- landscape - political institutions - social interaction - markets
What are the interaction types of MA models?
Agent/agent or agent/environment
What are some strenghts of Multi agent models?
- Represent decision making at level of agent 2. Promising approach
What are some weaknesses of Multi agent models?
- Parameterisation difficult 2. Data nees enormous 3. Cross-scale dynamics comlicated 4. Communication of method and results challegning
What do Mirco simulations do?
- Simulation at the level of individuals
