Colostomy care, Medicine adminstration Flashcards
(50 cards)
ostomy
artificial opening in an organ of the body, created surgically
Types of ostomies
colostomy (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, loop); ileostomy; ureterostomy Consistency of stool and frequency of stool production depends on the ostomy location, diet, and hydration status.
Transverse colostomy
This type of colostomy is located in the upper abdominal region, on the right side or the middle of the body. Transverse colostomies are usually performed on a temporary basis, but they may also be permanent.
when is a transverse colostomy given
Doctors will choose a transverse colostomy if the lower half of the bowel needs a rest or to be permanently bypassed.
Sigmoid colostomy
Located at the bottom of the large intestine, sigmoid colostomies are the most common. Because of its location near the rectum, there is still some functioning colon, so the waste produced is firmer and more normal in consistency than with other colostomy types. As with a descending colostomy, single-barrel is more common, though a double-barrel procedure is also a possibility. A loop-sigmoid colostomy is also a possibilit
Descending colostomy
This surgery is performed when the blockage or cancer is located on the lower left side of the abdomen (or descending colon). In this surgery, the stoma placement results in waste close to normal in firmness because it’s already traveled through most of the colon.
Ascending colostomy
Located on the right side of your abdomen, this type of colostomy is rare. During this procedure, most of your colon will likely be removed, so waste is liquid with this stoma
mucous fistula
attaches a disconnected part of your intestine to a surgically created small opening in the skin on your belly (stoma). This connection helps people with certain bowel diseases pass mucous (intestinal secretions) out of the stoma instead of the anus.
Hartmanns procedure
a type of colectomy that removes part of the colon and sometimes rectum The remaining rectum is sealed, creating what is known as Hartmann’s pouch. The remaining colon is redirected to a colostomy. It can be reversed later.
Indications
Colon cancer
Bladder cancer
Invading gynecological or prostate cancer
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis
Diverticulitis
Bowel trauma
Stoma
A stoma is an opening on the abdomen. It looks like a small, pinkish, circular piece of flesh sewn to your body. It may lie fairly flat on the body or protrude out.
what foods should people with ostomies avoid
beans, cabbage, onions, and spicy foods. Some foods can cause cramping or may be difficult to pass through an ostomy if they are not chewed well. These include nuts, popcorn, and corn. Also, be aware of which foods may cause diarrhea or constipation. It is important that you stay hydrated, especially if you have an ileostomy, because stool is usually more watery.
what medications work the best
liquid because they absorb faster
when should you empty the ostomy bag
when it is less then half way 2/3
what is a patient teaching about input and output
Learn how to plan your meals and fluid intake to cut down on the output of your ostomy ahead of a big or lengthy event. This may include a long work meeting or car or plane trip.
Activities that they should be able to participate in
People with ostomies go to work, play sports, and engage in sexual activity. Reasonable activity will not hurt you or your stoma. Sweating may cause the tape that holds your pouch in place to loosen. If this happens, you might consider buying a specialized pouch for working out.
What products should you avoid around ostomy
products that contain alcohol as they can cause dry skin. Do not use skin products made with oil. They will make it difficult for the pouch to stay attached
what effects the output
Amounts of stool and gas that go into the pouch will vary based on the type of ostomy and your diet.
When assessing the Stoma look at
size, shape, colour, edema, bleeding
Abnormal stoma findings indicate
abnormal findings may indicate poor blood supply, obstruction, excessive tension, stomal trauma, GI bleeding, etc
Peristomal skin skin should be free of
erythema, irritation, breakdown
Does the stoma change during healing?
Size and shape of stoma will change as it heals, especially over the first 4-6 weeks
what is a main goal of ostomy teaching
for them to be as independent as they can be
The pouch needs to be
Personal capability
Security and proper fit
Stoma size changes
Closed or drainable
Skin stripping
Odor control
Skin excoriation
Changing timeline
