oxygen Flashcards
(22 cards)
Inspiration (inhalation)
air into the lunges
Expiration (exhalation)
Air moves out of the lunges
Respiration
The process of delivering oxygen (O2) to the cells and the removal of carbon dioxide (CO2
What does respiration involve
Alveolar gas exchange by diffusion
Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Systemic diffusion of gases between capillaries and the tissues and cells
FiO2
the fraction of inspired oxygen
What is the FiO2 room air
21
Sa02
The amount of oxygen that is in the blood carried to the extremities of the body (fingers, ears, nose, toes)
-Usually between 95%-100%
PaO2
The partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood 80-100 mmHg
Promoting airway clearance
Patient Positioning
Ambulation
Deep breathing and coughing exercises
Adequate hydration
Chest physio
Medications
is oxygen flammable
no
When is O2 given
when hypoxia is suspected/present
Signs of hypoxia
Apprehension, anxiety, behavioral changes
↓’d LOC, confusion, drowsiness, altered concentration
↑’d HR, ↑’d rate and depth of respiration
Decreased lung sounds, adventitious lung sounds
SpO2 less than 90%
Dyspnea, use of accessory muscles, pallor, cyanosis, increased fatigue
ways to assess ned
Clinical presentation of the patient
Blood gas analysis
Arterial blood gas (ABG)
Pulse oximetry
Pulse Oximetry
Quick measure of what percentage of hemoglobin is saturated with oxygen
Normal – 95% to 100%
Low Flow
Concentration of oxygen unknown and affected by respiratory rate and depth
Examples: nasal prongs, simple mask, non-rebreather mask, face tent
High Flow
Delivers precise concentration of oxygen regardless of client’s respirations
Examples: Venturi mask, cold neb, Misty-ox, trach collars
3 types of low flow
nasal prongs, simple face mack, non rebreather
Nasal prongs
Oxygen flow meter is set between 1-6 LPM
gives FiO2’s of approximately 24-44%
Nonrebreather mask
Used to deliver high Fi02’s in a emergency situations: trauma, transports, sudden desaturations
10-15LPM 60-80%
Simple Mask
The face mask fits over the nose and mouth.
It is helpful when a patient needs a higher level of O2 or is not cooperative with the nasal cannula.
Set the oxygen flow meter between 5-10 LPM
Provides FiO2’s of approximately 40-60%
Oxygen toxicity
The most detrimental effect of breathing a high concentration of oxygen is the development of oxygen toxicity.
It can occur in any client breathing oxygen concentrations of greater than 50% for more than 24 hours.
Clients most likely to develop oxygen toxicity are those who require high oxygen concentrations for extended periods
Incentive Spirometry
Promotes improved ventilation, counteracts hypoventilation, loosens respiratory secretions, expands collapsed alveoli
