COLUMBIAN PROJECT Flashcards
(20 cards)
What event in 1453 significantly impacted European trade in Asia?
The Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople, controlling all the Mediterranean Sea and blocking European trade in Asia.
Which two countries began exploring the Atlantic Ocean to find alternative trade routes to Asia?
Portugal and Castile.
Name three navigation instruments that appeared during the Age of Exploration.
- Compass
- Astrolabe
- Portolano (maps)
What type of ship was developed during the Portuguese explorations?
The caravel.
What was the primary aim of Portuguese commercial colonies on the Atlantic coast of Africa?
To reach India.
What significant locations did the Portuguese establish colonies in during their explorations?
- Madeira (1419)
- Azores (1431)
- Gulf of Guinea (1460)
Who was the first European to reach the southern coast of India?
Vasco da Gama.
What was the name of the sailor who convinced others that crossing the Atlantic could lead to Asia?
Christopher Columbus.
When did Columbus’s first expedition set sail, and what was its destination?
August 3, 1492, heading to the Canary Islands.
What land did Columbus’s first expedition sight on October 12, 1492?
The island of Guanahaní (San Salvador).
What was the outcome of Columbus’s second expedition in 1493?
It founded the first commercial colony in Hispaniola.
What significant discoveries did Columbus make on his third expedition in 1498?
- The mouth of the Orinoco
- The islands of Martinique and Trinidad
What was Columbus’s belief about the lands he discovered?
He believed they belonged to the Asian continent.
What agreement did Columbus sign with the Catholic Monarchs to finance his expedition?
The Capitulations of Santa Fe.
What did Columbus gain through the Capitulations of Santa Fe?
- A tenth of the wealth achieved
- Titles of Admiral of the Ocean Sea and viceroy of the conquered territories
What did the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) establish?
An imaginary meridian 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands, limiting the zones of influence of Portugal and Castile.
What was the primary goal of Magellan and Elcano’s expedition that began in 1519?
To go around the world.
What was the outcome of Magellan’s expedition upon its return to Cádiz?
Only one ship, the Nao Victoria, returned with 18 sick and exhausted men.
What significant proof did the first voyage around the world provide?
That the Earth is round and that the Pacific separates America from Asia.
Fill in the blank: The expedition of Magellan and Elcano proved the existence of new _______ in the lands they encountered.
[plants, animals, and cultures]
