COMBANK

Question 1

What is the treatment for anal fissure?

Answer 1

supportive measures (sitz bath, fiber, topical analgesics)
topical vasodilator (nifedipine or nitroglycerin)

Question 2

What should be suspected in patients who present with liver failure and no obvious cause?

Answer 2

Budd-Chairi syndrome

Question 3

Common risk factors for developing Budd-Chiari syndrome?

Answer 3

oral contraceptive use
pregnancy
pregnancy within last 2 months

Question 4

What is the pathophysiology of Factor V Leiden mutation?

Answer 4

mutation of F5 gene causing Factor V to be insensitive to activated protein C, a natural anticoagulant, leading to increased risk of clotting

Question 5

Prophylaxis treatment following solid organ transplant

Answer 5

• annual influenza vaccine
• TMP-SMX +/- gancyclovir or valgancyclovir
• +/- fungal prophylaxis ie. itraconazole

Question 6

Major reason patient’s are started on prophlyactic TMP-SMX following solid organ transfer?

Answer 6

PCP prophylaxis

Question 7

HER2 positive breast cancer patients should receive what medication?

Answer 7

trastuzumab

Question 8

All hormone receptor positive patients with breast cancer should receive what medication?

Answer 8

tamoxifen

Question 9

What is the other name for frontotemporal dementia?

Answer 9

Pick Disease

Question 10

Female patients exposed to DES while in utero are at increased risk for what type of cancer?

Answer 10

clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina

Question 11

First treatment for hyperkalemia if there are any EKG changes?

Answer 11

calcium gluconate (cardioprotective)

Question 12

What is the term for a collection of blood in the anterior chamber of the eye after trauma?

Answer 12

hyphema

Question 13

What are the common risk factors for urinary retention?

Answer 13

• amitriptyline
• atropine
• diphenhydramine
• epidural anesthesia
• opioid analgesics
• pelvic surgery

Question 14

What is the mainstay treatment for mild croup?

Answer 14

dexamethasone

Question 15

What is the term for the rash seen with Lyme disease?

Answer 15

Erythema migrans

Question 16

Warfarin-induced skin necrosis is most common among what population?

Answer 16

inherited protein C deficiency

Question 17

What is the differential diagnosis of digital clubbing?

Answer 17

• bronchogenic carcinoma
• cystic fibrosis
• bronchiectasis
• asbestosis
• cyanotic congenital heart disease

Question 18

What are teh 3 classic presenting symptoms of aortic stenosis?

Answer 18

• S - syncope
• A - angina
• D - dyspnea

Question 19

The primary respiratory mechanism for cranial bone movement relies on dural attachment at what locations?

Answer 19

• foramen magnum
• C2
• C3
• S2

Question 20

Posterior costa tender points are most commonly associated with what type of dysfunction?

Answer 20

inhalation dysfunction

Question 21

What is the treatmetn for neoatal gonoccal purulant conjunctivitis?

Answer 21

IM 3rd generation cephalosporin

Question 22

What are the CSF findings in a person with Guillain-Barre syndrome?

Answer 22

increased protein with normal leukocyte count

Question 23

What is the Kussmaul sign and what does it indicate?

Answer 23

hypotension and jugular venous distension
signs of RV infarction

Question 24

What is the treatment for pediatric patients with symptomatic hypovolemic hypernatremia?

Answer 24

isotonic fluid resuscitation
(0.9% saline)

Question 25

Initial treatment for pericarditis?

Answer 25

NSAIDs plus colchicine

Question 26

What medication is first-line choice for variceal bleeding prophylaxis?

Answer 26

non-selective beta blocker ie. propranolol and nadolol

Question 27

Treatment for vWF deficiency?

Answer 27

desmopressin

Question 28

Lateral epicondylitis is likely due to microscopic tear in what muscle?

Answer 28

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Question 29

What is the treatment for bacterial meningitis?

Answer 29

ceftriaxone, vancomycin, ampicillin

Question 30

Common side effect of oxcarbazepine and carbamezapine?

Answer 30

hyponatremia

Question 31

Why can lactulose cause non-anion gap metabolic acidosis?

Answer 31

large volume loss of bicarbonate

Question 32

Histology of Meckel's diverticulum?

Answer 32

heterotrophic gastric glands within the small bowel epithelium

Question 33

Based on the probable diagnosis of the following patient, what would you expect to see on kidney biopsy? * recurrent sinusitis * saddle-nose deformity * palpable purpura * positive c-ANCA

Answer 33

granulomatosis with polyangitis biopsy: segmental crescent necrotizing glomerularnephritis

Question 34

What is the initial treatment for acute interstitial nephritis?

Answer 34

stop affending agent and start prednisone (glucocorticoid)

Question 35

What are the symptoms of hypercalcemia?

Answer 35

* muscle pain * depressed mood * polyuria * constipation

Question 36

first line treatment for acute bacterial prostatitis?

Answer 36

TMP-SMX

Question 37

A systolic flow murmur and conjunctival pallor are indications of what condition?

Answer 37

anemia

Question 38

What is the preventative and thereapeutic treatment for post-cardiac injury syndrome (dressler syndrome)?

Answer 38

Preventative * colchicine Therapeutic * NSAIDs * colchicine (add on therapy) * glucocorticoids for refractory cases

Question 39

What is the mechanism of action of methotrexate?

Answer 39

inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase

Question 40

A patient presenting with the following symptoms likely has what diagnosis? * chronic cough * near syncope * complete AV block * bilateral midfield lung opacities on x-ray

Answer 40

sarcoidosis

Question 41

Mechanism of Action of Acetazolamide?

Answer 41

carbonic anhydrase inhibitor increase urinary excretion of bicarbonate

Question 42

What medications are contraindicated in Prinzmetal angina?

Answer 42

non-selective beta blockers ie propranolol

Question 43

What is the treatment for beta-blocker overdose?

Answer 43

glucagon