Combined Anatomy Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
Bicep Brachii
A
O - SH = caracoid process, LH = supra glenoid fossa
I - radial tuberosity
In - Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C7)
F - supinator, flex at elbow and shoulder
2
Q
Coracobracialis
A
O - coracoid process
I - medial midshaft humerus
In - musculocutaneous (C5-7)
F - flexor at shoulder
3
Q
brachialis
A
O - anterior midshaft humerus
I - ulnar tuberosity
In - musculocutenous (C5-7)
F - flexor at elbow
4
Q
Supraspinatous
A
O - supraspinous fossa
I - superior facet posterior surface greater tubercle humerus
In - suprascpaular nerve C5/6
F - initial 15 degrees abduction shoulder
5
Q
Infraspinatous
A
O - infraspinous fossa
I - middle facet posterior greater tubercle humerus
In - suprascapular nerve C5/6
F - lateral rotation arm at glenohumeral
6
Q
Subscapularis
A
O - subscapular fossa
I - lesser tubercle of humerus (anteriorly)
In - upper and lower subscapular nerve (C567)
F - medial rotation of arm at GH
7
Q
Teres minor
A
(superio-lateral to teres major)
O - adjacent to lateral border of the scapula
I - inferior facet greater tubercle humerus (posteriorly)
In - axillary nerve C5/6
F - lateral rotation at GH
8
Q
Teres major
A
O - posterior surface inferior angle scapula (medial)
I - medial lip inter tubercular sulcus humerus (anterior)
In - lower subscapular nerve C567
F - medial rotation humerus + extension at GH
9
Q
Triceps Brachii
A
O - LH = infrageloid fossa, medial and lateral heads from posterior surface of humerus
I - olecranon
In - radial nerve (C6,7,8)
F - extension at shoulder and elbow (small adduct at GH)
10
Q
Pronator Teres
A
Anterior O - medial epicondyle I - lateral midshaft radius In - median nerve (C6,7) F - pronation of wrist
11
Q
Pronator Quadratus
A
anterior O - distal ulnar, linear ridge I - distal anterior radius In - anterior interosseous nerve (branch median) F - pronation
12
Q
flexor carpi ulnaris
A
anterior O - medial epicondyle I - base metacarpal 5 In - ulnar nerve F - flexes and adducts wrist
13
Q
palmaris longus
A
anterior O - medial epicondyle I - palmar aponeurosis In - median nerve F - flexes wrist
14
Q
Flexor carpi radialis
A
anterior O - medial epicondyle I - base metacarpal 2 and 3 In - median nerve F - flexes wrist
15
Q
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
A
anterior O - medial epicondyle I - 4 tendons, palmar suffices of middle phalanxes In - median nerve F - flex wrist and PIP / MCP
16
Q
Flexor Digitorum profundus
A
anterior O - medial epicondyle I - distal phalanges, 4 tendons In - medial half ulnar, lateral half anterior interosseous (median) F - flex wrist, PIP and MCP
17
Q
Flexor Pollicis longus
A
anterior O - medial epicondyle I - palmar surface distal phalanx In - anterior interosseous (median) F - flex PIP and MCP of thumb
18
Q
Brachioradialis
A
posterior
O - lateral supracondylar ridge on humerus
I - styloid process on radius
In - radial nerve
F - flex at elbow when forearm is midpronated
19
Q
Extensor carpi radialis longus
A
posterior O - lateral epicondyle I - dorsal surface base metacarpal 2 In - radial nerve F - extend / abduct wrist
20
Q
extensor carpi radialis brevis
A
posterior O - lateral epicondyle I - dorsal base metacarpal 2 and 3 In - radial nerve (deep) F - extends and abducts wrist
21
Q
Extensor digitorum
A
posterior
O - lateral epicondyle
I - four tendons into extensor hood (attach middle and distal phalanxes)
In - Radial nerve - posterior interoessus nerve
F - extends fingers and wrist
22
Q
extensor digiti minimi
A
posterior O - lateral epicondyle I - extensor hood of little finger In - radial nerve (posterior interoseouss) F - extends little finger
23
Q
extensor carpi ulnaris
A
posterior
O - lateral epicondyle
I - tubercle on medial side base metacarpal 5
In - radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
F - extends and adducts wrist
24
Q
anconeous
A
posterior O - lateral epicondyle I - olecranon and proximal posterior ulnar In - radial nerve F - abduction of ulna in pronation
25
Supinator
```
posterior
O - lateral epicondyle
I - lateral surface of radius
In - radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
F - supination of the wrist
```
26
Abductor pollicis longus
posterior
O - shaft of radius
I - lateral base metacarpal 1
In - radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
F - abducts CMC of thumb (accessory extensor)
27
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
```
posterior
O - shaft radius
I - dorsal base proximal phalanx thumb
In - radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
F - extends MCP and CMC of thumb
```
28
Extensor Pollicis Longus
posterior
O - shaft radius
I - dorsal base distal phalanx thumb
In - radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
F - extends IP, MCP and CMC joint of thumb
29
Extensor Indicis
```
posterior
O - shaft radius
I - extensor hood index finger
In - radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
F - extends index finger
```
30
Dorsal Interossei
O - adjacent to metacarpals
I - extensor hood and base proximal phalanxes index middle and ring
In - deep branch ulnar
F - abduction of index middle and ring
31
Palmar interossei
O - sides of metacarpals
I - extensor hood thumb index ring and little and proximal phalanx of thumb
In - deep branch ulnar
F - abduction of thumb, index, ring and little
32
Adductor Pollicis
O - metacarpal 3 and base of 2 and 3
I - base proximal phalanx thumb and extensor hood
In - deep branch ulnar
F - adduct thumb
33
Lumbricals
O - tendons of FDP
I - extensor hood of 4 digits
In - medial 2 unlar, lateral 2 median
F - flex MCP but extend IP joints
34
Opponens Pollicis
Thenar
O - tubercle of trapezium and flexor retinaculum
I - lateral palmar margin of metacarpal 1
In - recurrent median
F - opposition / medial rotation
35
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
```
Thenar
O - tubercles scaphoid and trapezium
I - proximal phalanx and extensor hood thumb
In - recurrent branch median
F - abducts thumb at MCP
```
36
Flexor pollicis brevis
```
Thenar
O - tubercle of trapezium
I - proximal phalanx thumb
In - recurrent median
F - flex thumb at MCP
```
37
Opponens digit minimi
```
hypothenar
O - hook of hamate
I - medial aspect metacarpal 5
In - deep branch ulnar
F - lateral rotation little finger
```
38
Abductor digiti minimi
```
hypothenar
O - pisiform and tendon FCU
I - proximal phalanx little finger
In - deep ulnar
F - abducts little finger MCP
```
39
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
```
hypothenar
O - hook of hamate
I - proximal phalanx little finger
In - deep branch ulnar nerve
F - flexes little finger at MCP
```
40
Lats
O - spinous process T7 - L5, sacrum, iliac crest, ribs 10 - 12
I - floor intertubercular sulcus humerus
In - thoracodorsal nerve
F - extends, adducts, medial rotation humerus
41
Levator Scapulae
O - C1-4
I - upper portion medial border scapula
In - dorsal scapular nerve
F - retract and elevate scapula
42
Rhomboid major
O - T2 - T5
I - medial border from spine to inferior angle
In - dorsal scapula nerve
F - retracts and elevates scapula
43
Rhomboid Minor
O - ligapmnetum nuchae / C7 - T1
I - medial at spine of scapula
In - dorsal scapular nerve
F - retracts and elevates scapula
44
Pec Major
O - sternocostal (first 7 costal cartilages) and clavicular head (medial half clavicle)
I - lateral lip inter tubercular sulcus
In - medial and lateral pectoral nerve
F - adduction, flexion, medial rotation
(flex of extended arm, extend of flexed arm)
45
Pec Minor
O - anterior ribs 3 - 5
I - caracoid process scapula
In - medial pec nerve
F - protracts scapula
46
Serratus Anterior
O - ribs 1 - 8
I - medial border of scapula
In - long thoracic
F - protraction and rotation of scapula
47
Deltoid
O - 3 heads, spine scapula, lateral acromion, lateral 1/3 clavicle
I - deltoid tuberosity of humerus
In - axillary nerve
F - major abductor at GH (small flexion/extension)
48
Trapezius
O - superior nuchal line, ligaments nuchae, C7 - T 12
I - lateral third clavicle, acromion, spine scapula
In - accessory nerve
F - upper - elevate scapula, middle - retract (adduct) , inferior - depress scapula
49
Piriformis
O - anterior sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
I - medial border of greater trochanter femur
In - S1/2
F - abducts flexed femur
50
Obturator internus
O - anterolateral wall of true pelvis, deep surface of obturator membrane
I - medial side of greater trochanter
In - nerve to obturator internus ( L5 S1)
F - abducts flexed femur
51
Gemellus superior
O - external surface of ischial spine
I - medial greater trochanter
In - nerve to obturator internus
F - lateral rotation for extended hip
52
Gemeullus inferior
O - upper ischial tuberosity
I - medial greater trochanter
In - nerve to quadratus femoris
F - lateral rotation at extended femur
53
Quadratus femoris
O - lateral ischium
I - quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest (proximal)
In - nerve to quadratus femoris
F - lateral rotation at extended femur
54
Gluteus minimus
O - illium (middle)
I - linear facet on anterolateral greater trochanter
In - superior gluteal nerve
F - abducts femur, stops pelvic drop when walking, medially rotates femur
55
Gluteus medius
O - middle ilium
I - elongate facet on lateral greater trochanter
In - superior gluteal nerve
F - abducts femur, stops pelvic drop, medial rotation of femur
56
Gluteus maximus
O - posterior ilium, posterior sacrum and superior gluteal line
I - gluteal tuberosity of lesser trochanter
In - inferior gluteal nerve
F - powerful extensor or flexed femur, lateral rotation and abducts femur
57
tensor fascia latae
O - lateral crest of ilium
I - illiotibial tract of fascia lata
In - superior gluteal nerve
F - stablises knee in extension
58
Psoas major
```
Anterior
O - posterior abdominal wall
I - lesser trochanter femur
In - anterior rami (L1-3)
F - flexes thigh at hip
```
59
Iliacus
```
Anterior
O - posterior abdominal wall
I - lesser trochanter
In - femoral nerve
F - flexes femur at hip
```
60
Vastus medialis
anterior
O - femur, medial part of trochnateric line
I - quadriceps femoris tendon and medial border of patella
In - femoral nerve
F - extends leg at knee joint
61
Vastus intermedialus
anterior
O - femur, upper two thirds of lateral and medial border
I - quad fem tendon, lateral patella and lateral condyle of tibia
In - femoral nerve
F - extends leg at knee
62
Vastus lateralis
anterior
O - lateral part of intertrochnateric line
I - quad fem tendon, lateral margin of patella
In - femoral nerve
F - extend leg at knee
63
Rectus femoris
anterior
O - straight head - anterior inferior iliac spine, reflected head - superior to acetabulum
I - quad fem tendon
In - femoral nerve
F - flex thigh at hip and extends leg at knee
64
sartorius
anterior
O - anterior supeiror iliac spine
I - medial surface of tibia below tibial tuberosity
In - femoral nerve
F - flex thigh at hip and FLEX leg at knee
65
gracilis
```
medial
O -inferior pubis
I - proximo-medial shaft of tibia
In - obturator nerve
F - adducts and flexes thigh at hip
```
66
pectineus
```
medial
O - pectin pubis
I - oblique line, posterio-proximal femur
In - FEMORAL NERVE
F - adducts and flex at hip
```
67
adductor longus
```
medial
O - pubis
I - linea aspera, middle femur
In - obturator nerve
F - adducts and medial rotation femur
```
68
adductor brevis
```
medial
O - inferior pubic ramus
I - upper linea aspera, proximal femur
In - obturator nerve
F - adducts and medial rotation femur
```
69
adductor magnus
medial
adductor part - O - ischiopubic ramus
I - prox femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
In - obturator nerve
hamstring part - O ischial tuberosity
I - adductor tubercle on supraconduylar line
In - SCIATIC NERVE
F - adducts and medially rotates femur
70
obturator externus
```
medial
O - obturator membrane
I - trochanteric foss
In - obturator nerve
F - lateral rotation femur
```
71
biceps femoris
posterior
O - long head, upper ischial tuberosity, short head - lateral lip of linea aspera
I - head of fibula
In - long head = tibial division of sciatic
short head = common fibular division of sciatic
F - flex and lateral rotation knee, extends and lateral rotation at hip
72
semitendinosus
```
posterior
O - upper ischial tuberosity
I - medial surface proximal tibia
In - tibial sciatic nerve
F - flex knee and extend at hip, medial rotation knee and hip
```
73
semimembranous
```
posterior
O - super-lateral ischial tubersity
I - medial tibial condyle
In - tibial sciatic nerve
F - flex knee and extend hip, medial rotation hip and knee
```
74
Tibialis anterior
anterior
O - lateral tibia interosseous membrane
I - medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1
In - deep fibular nerve
F - dorsiflexion of foot, support medial arch, inversion foot
75
Extensor hallucis longus
anterior
O - middle medial fibula
I - dorsal base of distal phalanx great toe
In - deep fibular nerve
F - doris flexion of foot and extension great toe
76
Extensor digitorum longus (leg)
anterior
O - proximal medial fibula and lateral tibial condyle
I - dorsal digital expansion on distal and middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
In - deep fibular nerve
F - extension of lateral four toes and dorsi flexion of foot
77
fibularis tertius
```
anterior
O - distal medial fibula
I - dorsomedial base metatarsal 5
In - deep fibular nerve
F - dorsiflexion and eversion of foot
```
78
fibularis longus
lateral
O - upper lateral fibula
I - base metatarsal 1 and underside of cuneiform
In - superficial fibular nerve
F - eversion and plantar flexion (supports arch)
79
fibularis brevis
```
lateral
O - lower lateral fibula
I - lateral tubercle base metatarsal 5
In - superficial fibular nerve
F - eversion
```
80
gastrocnemius
posteror
O - lateral head - lateral condyle of femur
medial head - medial condyle of femur
I - calcaneal tendon to posterior calcaneus
In - tibial nerve
F - plantar flex foot and flex knee
81
plantaris
```
posterior
O - lateral suprcondylar femur
I - via calcaneal tendon to posterior surface calcaneus
In - tibial nerve
F - plantarflex foot and flex knee
```
82
Soleus
posteror
O - solael line, posterior medial fibula and medial tibia
I - calcaneus tendon to posterior calcaneus
In - tibial nerve
F - plantar flex foot
83
popliteus
```
posterior
O - lateral femoral condyle
I - posterior proximal tibia
In - tibial nerve
F - stabilise joint, unlocks knee by lateral rotation of femur
```
84
flexor hallucis longus
```
posterior
O - posterior fibula
I - plantar surface of distal phalanx great toe
In - tibial nerve
F - flexes great toe
```
85
flexor digitorum longus (foot)
```
posterior
O - medial side posterior tibia
I - plantar surfaces of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
In - tibial nerve
F - flexes lateral 4 toes
```
86
tibialus posterior
```
posterior
O - posterior interosseous membrane
I - medial cuneiform
In - tibial nerve
F - inversion and plantar flexion, support arch
```
87
extensor digitorum brevis (foot)
```
dorsal
O - superolateral calcaneus
I - lateral tendons of extensor digitorum longus of toes 2,3,4
In - deep fibular nerve
F - extension of toes 2,3,4
```
88
extensor hallucis brevis
dorsal
O - superolateral calcaneus
I - base of proximal phalanx of great toe
In - deep fibular nerve
F - extension of metatarsophalangeal of GT
89
abductor hallucis
```
plantar - first layer
O - medial caalacaneal tuberosity
I - medial base of proximal phalanx GT
In - medial plantar nerve
F - GT abduction and flexion
```
90
flexor digitorum brevis (foot)
plantar - first layer
O - medial calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis
I - sides of plantar phalananges of lateral four toes
In - medial plantar nerve
F - flexes lateral 4 toes at interphalangeal joint
91
abductor digit mini (foot)
plantar - first layer
O - lateral and medial calcaneal tuberosity
I - lateral base of proximal phalanx little toe
In - lateral plantar nerve from tibial nerve
F - abducts little toe at metatarsophalangeal
92
quadratus plantae
plantar - second layer
O - med/lateral calcaneal tuberosity
I - lateral side of flexor digitorum longus in proximal sole of foot
In - lateral plantar nerve
F - assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing toes 234
93
lumbricals
```
plantar - second layer
O - first L medial side of FDL tendon
2,3,4 adjacent sides of FDL
I - medial extensor hoods of 2,3,4,5
In - 1st L medial plantar nerve
2,3,4 lateral plantar nerve
F - flexion of metatarsophalangeal, extension of IP J
```
94
flexor hallucis brevis
plantar - third layer
O - plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform
I - lat and medial sides of base proximal phalanx great toe
In - medial plantar nerve
F - flex MTP of GT
95
adductor hallucis
plantar third layer
O - transverse head, lateral 3 toes, oblique head from metatarsals 2 - 4
I - lateral side of base proximal phalanx GT
In - lateral plantar nerve
F - adducts gT at MTP
96
flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot)
```
plantar third layer
O - base of metatarsal 5
I - lateral side base proximal phalanx little toe
In - lateral plantar nerve
F flex toe at MTP
```
97
dorsal interossei (foot)
plantar 4th layer
O - sides of adjacent metatarsals
I - extensor hoods and base proximal phalanges toes 2 - 4
In - lateral plantar nerve (1st and 2nd also deep fibular)
F - abduction of 2-4 toes
98
plantar interosseoi (foot)
```
plantar 4th layer
O - medial sides of metatarsals 3 , 4, 5
I - extensor hood and base phalanges 3,4,5
In - lateral plantar nerve
F - adduction of 3,4,5
```
