Coming of africans

Question 1

Plantation system

Answer 1

Unable to find the legendary “City of El Dorado”, the Europeans transformed the Caribbean territories into agricultural production.
The crops in the beginning was tobacco, indigo and ginger; then the colonies moved into sugar cultivation influenced by the Dutch large scale plantations in Brazil.

Question 2

Sugar revolution

Answer 2

The movement towards sugar cane cultivation constituted to what historians and academics have referred to as the “Sugar Revolution”.

It is described as a revolution because the change to sugar production affected every element of the colonies in terms of economy, society, demography, law, politics and the landscape and the environment.

Sugar cane cultivation forced out small farms producing tobacco and adequate labour was needed.

Question 3

Plantation Organization- Hierarchal structure

Answer 3

1-most valuable
2-adolescents, young adults
3-children; aged persons (sex, age colour, birthplace, health)

Question 4

Plantation Organization- Social and Economic

Answer 4

SOCIAL:
Gender, family, reproduction, mortality-
ECONOMIC:
Huckstering, food production, urban vs rural/plantation

Question 5

Resistance - types of

Answer 5

Despite the systems of control slave resistance was prevalent.
The enslaved protested against slavery both in violent and non-violent.

Question 6

Non violent protest/ day to day acts of resistance

Answer 6

Non-violent protest, or day-to-day acts of resistance included actions such as
Sabotage
Malingering
Pretending to be stupid or ill

Question 7

Resistance- Women

Answer 7

Women resisted slavery in unique ways that included infanticide, abortion and prolonging the lactation period to delay their next conception.
But armed and violent resistance was the highest form of slave resistance

Question 8

Resistance- Countries and time periods

Answer 8

1522 Hispaniola
1649 Barbados
11685 Jamaica
687 Antigua
1725 Nevis
1733 St. John
1760 Jamaica
1773 Belize
1770, 1771, 1774 Tobago
1763, 1772 Suriname
The First Maroon War (Jamaica)
The Second Maroon War (Jamaica)
The 1763 rebellion in Berbice, Guyana
1816 Revolt in Barbados
1831 Revolt in Jamaica “The Baptist War”

Question 9

Major rebellions

Answer 9

Berbice 1763
Barbados 1816
Jamaica 1831
Haitian Revolution 1791

Question 10

Haiti Revolution/ only successful slave revolt

Answer 10

The only successful slave revolt in the Caribbean was the Haiti Revolution (1792-1804). In this case the “Black Jacobins” with a self liberation ethos were able to overthrow colonial slavery and in its stead establish the first black republic in the western hemisphere.

Question 11

Maroonage

Answer 11

Another form of resistance was to run away from the plantation and was more prevalent in the more mountainous territories such as Jamaica, Suriname (Bush Negroes) and less mountainous territories such as Barbados, and others ran to other Caribbean islands, known as maritime maroonage.

Question 12

Disintegration of the slave system

Answer 12

After nearly 400 years of chattel slavery in the Caribbean region which bought nearly 10 million enslaved Africans to the Americas, internal and external forces brought about emancipation.
Economics
Abolitionists in Europe
Politics
Slave resistance, especially the “success” of the Haitian Revolution
Self liberation ethos in the region

Question 13

Export economy

Answer 13

Slavery/export economy in relation to the Industrial Revolution
-BRITAIN
-FRANCE
-USA