Command line tools (Linux)

Question 1

ls

Answer 1

Lists files and directories

Question 2

pwd

Answer 2

Displays the current working directory

Question 3

mv

Answer 3

Moves or renames files and directories

Question 4

cp

Answer 4

Copies files and directories

Question 5

rm

Answer 5

Deletes files or directories

Question 6

chmod

Answer 6

Changes files or folder permissions

Question 7

chown

Answer 7

Changes file/folder ownership

Question 8

grep

Answer 8

Searches text using patterns

Question 9

find

Answer 9

Searches for files/directories

Question 10

fsck

Answer 10

Checks and repairs the filesystem / storage device (like “chkdsk” in Windows)

Question 11

mount

Answer 11

Attaches a filesystem or device to the directory tree

Question 12

su

Answer 12

Switches to another user account (often root)

Question 13

sudo

Answer 13

Runs a command as another user, usually root (with permissions)

Question 14

apt

Answer 14

Installs, updates, or removes packages (Debian-based systems like Ubuntu)

Question 15

dnf

Answer 15

Manages packages on RPM-based systems like Fedora and RHEL

Question 16

ip

Answer 16

Displays and configures network interfaces and routing

Question 17

ping

Answer 17

Tests network connectivity

Question 18

curl

Answer 18

Retrieves data from a URL (web/server requests)

Question 19

dig

Answer 19

Queries DNS records (like “nslookup” in Linux)

Question 20

traceroute

Answer 20

Shows the path packets take to a destination

Question 21

man

Answer 21

Displays the manual for a command (help)

Question 22

cat

Answer 22

Displays the contents of a file

Question 23

top

Answer 23

Shows running processes and system resource usage

Question 24

ps

Answer 24

Displays current running processes

Question 25

du

Answer 25

Shows disk space used by files/directories

Question 26

df

Answer 26

Shows free and used disk space by filesystem

Question 27

nano

Answer 27

Simple terminal-based text editor

Question 28

/etc/passwd

Answer 28

Stores basic user account info (usernames, UID, home dir)

Question 29

/etc/shadow

Answer 29

Stores encrypted user passwords

Question 30

/etc/hosts

Answer 30

Maps hostnames to IP addresses locally

Question 31

/etc/fstab

Answer 31

Defines how filesystems are mounted at boot

Question 32

/etc/resolv.conf

Answer 32

Defines DNS servers for the system

Question 33

systemd

Answer 33

Initializes the system and manages services after boot

Question 34

kernel

Answer 34

The core of the operating system: manages hardware and system processes

Question 35

bootloader

Answer 35

Loads the OS kernel at startup (e.g. GRUB)

Question 36

(root)

Answer 36

The "superuser" account with full control over the system