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Course 2 - Dermatology > Common benign skin lesions > Flashcards

Common benign skin lesions Flashcards

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1
Q

what is this lesion?

A

benign acquired nevi

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2
Q

compound nevi are common in

A

individuals with lighter skin phototypes

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3
Q

nevi on palms, soles, conjuctiva, and nail bed are more common in individuals of ______ and _______ descent

A

African and Asian

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4
Q

what is this lesion?

A

junctional nevi

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5
Q

describe junctional nevi

A

mole in junction (border) between the epidermis (outer) and the dermis (inner) layer

flat and macular

symmetry of color and shape

more common in younger individuals

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6
Q

what is this lesion?

A

compound nevi

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7
Q

describe compound nevi

A

pigmented

papule (elevated)

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8
Q

what is this lesion?

A

intradermal nevi

flesh colored papule

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9
Q

when should biospy be considered

A

new, changing, atypical appearing melanocytic lesion

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10
Q

what are the ABCDE’s for lesions

A

A- asymmetry

B- border (if irregular or indistinct)

C- color (pigmentation is not uniform, variegated, or different shades)

D- diameter (>6mm)

E- evolving (changes over time)

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11
Q

what is this lesion

A

congenital melanocytic nevuc (CMN)

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12
Q

describe congenital melanocytic nevus

A

flat and tan in color or elevated, can have variation in pigmentation

vary in size

mostly on trunk or extremities, less commonly on head and neck

earlier onset, larger with more heterogeneous morpholoy

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13
Q

how do you categorize CMN

A

size

small: <1.5cm
medium: >10-20cm
large: >30-40cm
giant: >60cm

greater size, more risk for malignancy

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14
Q

what is this a presentation of?

A

infantile hemangioma

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15
Q

describe infantile hemangioma

A

most common soft tissue tumour of infancy

benign endothelial cell neoplasm

early proliferation followed by gradual, spontaneous involution

absent at birth

F>M

premature/low weight infants

older mothers/chorionic villus sampling

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16
Q

growth pattern of hemangiomas

A

volumetric rather than centrifugal growth

80% of final size by end of early proliferative phase (mean=3.2mo)

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17
Q

what are signs of involution of infantile hemangiomas

A

color change from red to grey-purple and flattening of surface

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18
Q

what is this condition?

A

pericoular hemangioma

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19
Q

tx for hemangioma

A

small: spontaenous resolution
severe: non-selective beta blocker propranolol

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20
Q

what is this lesion?

A

vascular malformation (port wine stain)

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21
Q

describe vascular malformation

A

slow expansion

evident at birth

no predilections

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22
Q

what is sturge weber syndrom

A

combo of vascular malformation, trigeminal distribution, seizure

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23
Q

how to distinguish vascular malformation and hemangioma

Study These Flashcards
A

sharp midline dermarcation

24
Q

sequela of vascular malformation

Study These Flashcards
A

hypertrophy of limb

soft tissue hypertrophy

25
what is this presentation?
milia more common in pediatric
26
describe milia
small firm white papule containing keratin and representing small inclusion cysts 40-50% will have milia resolve spontaneously within first 4 weeks of life
27
what is this a presentation of
miliaria
28
describe miliaria
occlusion of eccrine sweat ducts small vesicles of retained sweat trapped under swollen stratum corneum
29
what is this a presentation of?
mastocytosis excessive collections of otherwise normal mast cells generalized form of childhood mastocytosis is called urticaria pigmentosa frequently resolve for peds can cause excessive histamine
30
what is this?
Darier's sign urtication of lesions of mastocytosis caused by the stroking or scratching
31
what is this lesion
halo nevi
32
describe halo nevi
\<20 yr no gender predilection risk of overall increased # of melanocytic nevi 20% have vitiligo
33
what is this lesion?
mongolian spot
34
describe a mongolian spot
congenital dermal melanosis blue-grey patch lumbosacral distribution asian descent resolve spontaneously
35
what is this a presentation of?
alopecia areata
36
describe alopecia areata
non-scarring patterned alopecia circular areas organ-specific autoimmune disease involving T-cells complete scalp hair loss: alopecia totalis complete scalp and body hair loss: alopecia universalis
37
what is the pathognomonic feature of alopecia areata
exclamation point hair which narrows proximally as it exits the hair follicle
38
what is this a presentation of?
cherry hemangioma
39
describe cherry hemangioma
proliferation of dilated venules increase in number with age small cherry red papules or maules
40
what is this a presentation of?
venous lake
41
describe venous lake
dilation of venules ear or lip sun damage 95% in men
42
what is this a presentation of?
dermatofibroma
43
describe dermatofibroma
benign skin neoplasms compoased of collagen, macrophages (histiocytes), capillaries, fibroblasts firm, skin colored or slightly pigmented papules or nodules, measuring 0.5-1cm in diameter tender or pruritic round/ovoid with well-defined border
44
why does dimple sign occur for dermatofibroma
epidermis is tethered to underlying fibrotic component overlying skin does not slide over the underlying nodule dimple sign - skin pucker inwards also known as Fitzpatrick sign
45
what is this a presentation of?
spider angioma
46
describe spider nevus/angioma
telangiectasia central arteriole (body), radiating vessels (legs) common in normal children parturition or cessation of oral contraceptives
47
what is the diagnostic marker for spider angiomas?
classic refill pattern refill radiating from the central vessel outward
48
what is this lesion?
seborrheic keratoses
49
describe seborrheic keratoses
common benign neoplasms stuck on appearance papules and plaques with well defined borders familial trait (AD) increased prevalence w age can have verrucous-appearing papules or plaques scaling when scratched
50
what is this lesion?
dermatosis papulosis nigra SK on darker skin phototype oriented in lines of skin relaxation (Langer lines)
51
what is this lesion?
achrochordon skin tag flesh-colored, pendunculated, fleshy papules spontaneously fall off if blood supply becomes strangulated increasing age, diabetes, obesity
52
achrochordons may occur on the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_
oral, anal, or vulvovaginal mucosa
53
what is this lesion?
fibrous papules of the nose
54
how to distinguish fibrous papule from other papular lesions (BCC, nevi, sebaceous hyperplasia?
look for single firm, dome shaped, flesh colored papule on nose or central face lesions rarely occur on forehead, cheeks, chin, or neck
55
what is this lesion?
pyogenic granuloma rapidly growing, benign, vascular growths solitary red papule or nodule ulcerates or bleeds easily more common in children and women of child-bearing potential
56
drugs associated with pyogenic granuloma
isotretinoin, topical retinoids, indinavir, 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, mitoxantrone, anti-epidermal growth factor inhibitors

Course 2 - Dermatology (11 decks)

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