Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nursing 1st yr > Common Mx > Flashcards

Common Mx Flashcards

(50 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Paracetamol (Acetaminophen): class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Indications: Pain relief, fever reduction
Mechanism: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS
Cautions: Liver disease, overdose can cause hepatotoxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ibuprofen: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: NSAID
Indications: Pain, inflammation, fever
Mechanism: Non-selective COX inhibitor, reduces prostaglandin synthesis
Cautions: GI bleeding, renal impairment, cardiovascular risk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Aspirin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: NSAID, Antiplatelet
Indications: Pain, inflammation, antiplatelet
Mechanism: Irreversibly inhibits COX enzymes, reducing thromboxane A2
Cautions: GI bleeding, asthma, peptic ulcer disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Metformin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Biguanide
Indications: Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Mechanism: Decreases hepatic glucose production, increases insulin sensitivity
Cautions: Renal impairment, lactic acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Atorvastatin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Statin
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular risk reduction
Mechanism: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Cautions: Liver disease, myopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Simvastatin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Statin
Indications: Hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular risk reduction
Mechanism: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
Cautions: Liver disease, myopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Omeprazole: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Indications: GERD, peptic ulcer disease
Mechanism: Inhibits H+/K+ ATPase in gastric parietal cells
Cautions: Long-term use can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Amoxicillin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Beta-lactam Antibiotic
Indications: Bacterial infections
Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis
Cautions: Allergies, renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ciprofloxacin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic
Indications: Bacterial infections, particularly UTIs
Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase
Cautions: Tendonitis, QT prolongation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Losartan: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker (ARB)
Indications: Hypertension, heart failure
Mechanism: Blocks angiotensin II receptors
Cautions: Renal impairment, hyperkalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Enalapril: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: ACE Inhibitor
Indications: Hypertension, heart failure
Mechanism: Inhibits ACE, reducing angiotensin II levels
Cautions: Hyperkalemia, angioedema, renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Salbutamol: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Beta-2 Agonist
Indications: Asthma, COPD
Mechanism: Stimulates beta-2 receptors, causing bronchodilation
Cautions: Tachycardia, tremor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Fluticasone: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Corticosteroid
Indications: Asthma, allergic rhinitis
Mechanism: Reduces inflammation by inhibiting multiple inflammatory cytokines
Cautions: Oral thrush, adrenal suppression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sertraline: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: SSRI
Indications: Depression, anxiety disorders
Mechanism: Inhibits reuptake of serotonin in the brain
Cautions: Serotonin syndrome, suicidal ideation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Escitalopram: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: SSRI
Indications: Depression, anxiety disorders
Mechanism: Inhibits reuptake of serotonin in the brain
Cautions: Serotonin syndrome, suicidal ideation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Metoprolol: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Beta Blocker
Indications: Hypertension, angina, heart failure
Mechanism: Blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors
Cautions: Bradycardia, asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Amlodipine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Calcium Channel Blocker
Indications: Hypertension, angina
Mechanism: Inhibits calcium ion influx into vascular smooth muscle and myocardium
Cautions: Peripheral edema, reflex tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Furosemide: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Loop Diuretic
Indications: Edema, hypertension
Mechanism: Inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle
Cautions: Electrolyte imbalance, dehydration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Warfarin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Anticoagulant
Indications: Thrombosis prevention
Mechanism: Inhibits vitamin K-dependent synthesis of clotting factors
Cautions: Bleeding, INR monitoring required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Clopidogrel: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

A

Class: Antiplatelet
Indications: Thrombosis prevention
Mechanism: Inhibits ADP receptor on platelet cell membranes
Cautions: Bleeding, liver impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Rivaroxaban: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

Study These Flashcards
A

Class: Anticoagulant
Indications: Thrombosis prevention
Mechanism: Factor Xa inhibitor
Cautions: Bleeding, renal impairment

22
Q

Insulin (various types): class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

Study These Flashcards
A

Class: Antidiabetic
Indications: Diabetes mellitus
Mechanism: Lowers blood glucose by promoting cellular glucose uptake
Cautions: Hypoglycemia

23
Q

Levothyroxine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

Study These Flashcards
A

Class: Thyroid Hormone
Indications: Hypothyroidism
Mechanism: Synthetic form of thyroxine (T4)
Cautions: Hyperthyroidism, cardiac disease

24
Q

Prednisone: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions

Study These Flashcards
A

Class: Corticosteroid
Indications: Inflammatory and autoimmune conditions
Mechanism: Suppresses immune response and inflammation
Cautions: Osteoporosis, hyperglycemia, adrenal suppression

25
Methotrexate: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antimetabolite, DMARD Indications: Rheumatoid arthritis, certain cancers Mechanism: Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase Cautions: Hepatotoxicity, myelosuppression
26
Allopurinol: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor Indications: Gout Mechanism: Reduces production of uric acid Cautions: Hypersensitivity reactions, renal impairment
27
Sildenafil: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: PDE5 Inhibitor Indications: Erectile dysfunction Mechanism: Inhibits phosphodiesterase type 5 Cautions: Nitrates, cardiovascular disease
28
Loratadine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antihistamine Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist Cautions: Renal impairment, liver disease
29
Cetirizine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antihistamine Indications: Allergic rhinitis, urticaria Mechanism: H1 receptor antagonist Cautions: Drowsiness, renal impairment
30
Morphine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Opioid Analgesic Indications: Severe pain Mechanism: Binds to opioid receptors in the CNS Cautions: Respiratory depression, addiction
31
Codeine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Opioid Analgesic Indications: Mild to moderate pain, cough suppression Mechanism: Converts to morphine in the body, binds to opioid receptors Cautions: Respiratory depression, addiction
32
Tramadol: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Opioid Analgesic Indications: Moderate to severe pain Mechanism: Binds to opioid receptors and inhibits reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin Cautions: Seizure risk, addiction
33
Gabapentin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Anticonvulsant Indications: Neuropathic pain, epilepsy Mechanism: Binds to voltage-gated calcium channels in the CNS Cautions: Drowsiness, renal impairment
34
Doxycycline: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Tetracycline Antibiotic Indications: Bacterial infections Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis Cautions: Photosensitivity, teeth discoloration in children
35
Lisinopril: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: ACE Inhibitor Indications: Hypertension, heart failure Mechanism: Inhibits ACE, reducing angiotensin II levels Cautions: Hyperkalemia, angioedema, renal impairment
36
Hydrochlorothiazide: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Thiazide Diuretic Indications: Hypertension, edema Mechanism: Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules Cautions: Electrolyte imbalance, gout
37
Naproxen: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: NSAID Indications: Pain, inflammation Mechanism: Non-selective COX inhibitor, reduces prostaglandin synthesis Cautions: GI bleeding, renal impairment, cardiovascular risk
38
Digoxin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Cardiac Glycoside Indications: Heart failure, atrial fibrillation Mechanism: Inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase, increasing intracellular calcium Cautions: Digoxin toxicity, renal impairment
39
Carbamazepine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Anticonvulsant Indications: Epilepsy, bipolar disorder Mechanism: Stabilizes neuronal membranes by inactivating sodium channels Cautions: Bone marrow suppression, liver toxicity
40
Valproate: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Anticonvulsant Indications: Epilepsy, bipolar disorder Mechanism: Increases GABA levels in the brain Cautions: Hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity
41
Olanzapine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antipsychotic Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder Mechanism: Blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors Cautions: Weight gain, diabetes, sedation
42
Quetiapine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antipsychotic Indications: Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder Mechanism: Blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors Cautions: Weight gain, diabetes, sedation
43
Alprazolam: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Benzodiazepine Indications: Anxiety disorders, panic disorder Mechanism: Enhances the effect of GABA at the GABA-A receptor Cautions: Dependence, sedation
44
Diazepam: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Benzodiazepine Indications: Anxiety disorders, muscle spasms, seizures Mechanism: Enhances the effect of GABA at the GABA-A receptor Cautions: Dependence, sedation
45
Nitrofurantoin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antibiotic Indications: Urinary tract infections Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis Cautions: Pulmonary toxicity, hepatic toxicity
46
Azithromycin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Macrolide Antibiotic Indications: Bacterial infections Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis Cautions: QT prolongation, liver impairment
47
Amiodarone: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Antiarrhythmic Indications: Arrhythmias Mechanism: Blocks potassium channels, prolonging repolarization Cautions: Pulmonary toxicity, thyroid dysfunction
48
Clonidine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Alpha-2 Agonist Indications: Hypertension, ADHD Mechanism: Stimulates alpha-2 receptors, reducing sympathetic outflow Cautions: Sedation, bradycardia
49
Venlafaxine: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: SNRI Indications: Depression, anxiety disorders Mechanism: Inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine Cautions: Hypertension, serotonin syndrome
50
Tamsulosin: class, indications, mechanism of action, cautions
Class: Alpha-1 Blocker Indications: Benign prostatic hyperplasia Mechanism: Blocks alpha-1 receptors, relaxing smooth muscle in the bladder neck and prostate Cautions: Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness

Nursing 1st yr (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions