Common poisoning in Cats

Question 1

cats are less likely than dogs to expose themselves through curious ingestions, but cats will nibble on potentially deadly agents, such as _________

Answer 1

lilies

Question 2

The topical application of a permethrin spot-on or dip product labeled for use only in dogs, can lead to _________ and ________ in cats.

Answer 2

tremors and seizure

Question 3

These products, which generally contain_____ or _____ permethrin in spot-ons and _____ or more permethrin in dips, are applied to cats accidentally or by individuals who ignore the warnings on the label.

Answer 3

45% or 65%
3%

Question 4

cats have developed signs of permethrin toxicosis __________________________________

Answer 4

after being in close contact with (sleeping near or grooming) a dog recently treated with a permethrin spot-on product.

Question 5

Initial signs may appear within a ______ but can take ________ to manifest

Answer 5

few hours, 24 to 72 hrs.

Question 6

________ are the most common finding, although seizures may also occur.

Answer 6

full body tremors

Question 7

Other pyrethroids that can cause a similar syndrome in cats when used at high concentrations.

Answer 7

phenothrin and etofenprox

Question 8

Treatment for Canine permethrin insecticides toxicosis

Answer 8

Bathing the cat in a liquid hand dishwashing detergent (e.g. Dawn Dishwashing Liquid— Procter & Gamble) to remove the sebum in which the product is distributed.

Question 9

If the cat is symptomatic, delay the bath until the tremors have been controlled. The tremors are best treated with ________________

Answer 9

slow intravenous boluses of methocarbamol (Robaxin-V—Fort Dodge Animal Health; total initial dose 55 to 220 mg/kg).

Repeat the methocarbamol as needed, but do not exceed a dose of 330 mg/kg/day or respiratory depression may occur.

Question 10

If methocarbamol is not effective, then ___________, ___________ or both can be used.

Answer 10

barbiturates, propofol

Question 11

________ is generally ineffective for the tremors but should be used if seizures are present.

Answer 11

Diazepam

Question 12

Additional care should include ____________and -_________to protect the kidneys from _______ due to _________

Answer 12

• Monitoring the patient’s body temperature
• Administering intravenous fluids

myoglobinuria due to
muscle breakdown

Question 13

is not antidotal for permethrin

Answer 13

atropine

Question 14

Besides permethrin products, many other flea control products are on the market today. Topical flea control products commonly include insect growth regulators such as _________ and ________, which have low oral and dermal toxic potential in mammals.

Answer 14

s-Methoprene and pyriproxyfen

Question 15

Insecticide ingredients may include ________, ________, _______, ________, and _________, all of which when used appropriately have a low risk of causing serious problems.

Answer 15

*Organophosphates or carbamates
*Pyrethroids
*Imidacloprid
*Fipronil
*Selamectin

Question 16

_________ applied according to label directions will not cause systemic effects in cats. Any topically applied product can cause either __________ or a _____________

Answer 16

topical flea control products.
dermal irritation, dermal hypersensitivity-like reaction.

Question 17

If dermal signs appear, __________________. If the irritation is localized, the contents of a _________________ can be applied

Answer 17

wash the product off with a mild detergent.
vitamin E capsule or a corticosteroid cream

Question 18

If the irritation is more widespread, ___________ or _____________ may be used systemically

Answer 18

corticosteroids or antihistamines

Question 19

If a cat licks a topically applied product, a taste reaction— characterized by

Answer 19

*Hypersalivation
*agitation,
*occasionally vomiting—

Question 20

Removing the product from the tongue by giving the __________ or___________ can should resolve the signs

Answer 20

cat milk or liquid from a tuna fish

Question 21

acts as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor as well as a weak dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

Answer 21

Venlafaxine

Question 22

is a bicyclic antidepressant available in tablets and capsules of 25, 37.5, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg.

Answer 22

Venlafaxine (Effexor, Effexor XR— Wyeth)

Question 23

Cats seem to readily eat venlafaxine capsules. Less than _______ one capsule is enough to cause ________, _________, ________, __________, _____, and ___________

Answer 23

37.5-mg
*Mydriasis
*Vomiting
*Tachypnea
*Tachycardia
*Ataxia
*Agitation

Question 24

Signs generally begin within _____________ (later if an extended-release formulation was ingested).

Answer 24

one to eight hours after exposure

Question 25

Treatment for Venlafaxine toxicosis

Answer 25

*Emesis in asymptomatic patients. *Activated charcoal *Repeat the dose in four to six hours if the animal was exposed to an extended-release formulation *Be sure to monitor heart rate and blood pressure

Question 26

can be used as a serotonin antagonist

Answer 26

Cyproheptadine (1.1 mg/kg orally or rectally up to three or four times a day)

Question 27

can be used to treat agitation

Answer 27

acepromazine or chlorpromazine

Question 28

Glow jewelry and sticks are plastic bracelets, necklaces, and wands that contain a liquid that glows in the dark. The main ingredient is _______, an oily liquid that has a wide margin of safety with an oral LD50 in rats of greater than 8 g/kg.

Answer 28

dibutyl phthalate

Question 29

Cats ingesting lilies can develop ___________

Answer 29

acute renal failure

Question 30

many plants are called lilies, renal failure has been seen only with Lilium species

Answer 30

Easter lilies, Stargazer lilies, tiger lilies, Asiatic lilies, Oriental lilies

Question 31

Hemerocallis species (day lilies).

Question 32

After ingesting lilies, cats generally develop After ingesting lilies, cats generally develop ______________. Often the cats seem to recover and then begin to deteriorate rapidly about ________ after the exposure with signs of ______, _______ and __________

Answer 32

vomiting and depression within two to four hours. 24 to 72 hours polyuria, polydipsia, and more severe depression.

Question 33

Treatment consists of immediate decontamination, including __________and _______. Start ________ as soon as possible and continue it for at least 48 hours. The prognosis is good with prompt, aggressive treatment. Once renal failure develops, some recovery is possible but may take weeks, and the cat may require peritoneal dialysis for support. The development of oliguria or anuria is a poor prognostic sign.

Answer 33

emesis and activated charcoal. fluid diuresis

Question 34

________ is used as household fragrance, often placed in a bowl over a candle or heat source.

Answer 34

Liquid potpourri

Question 35

Cats may lick the product from the container or from their fur if exposed to a spill. Liquid potpourri may contain high concentrations of _________, _________or a combination of both.

Answer 35

cationic detergents, essential oils

Question 36

_________ are corrosive to the oral mucosa and can cause ________, ________, __________, and __________.

Answer 36

Cationic detergents *Severe gastrointestinal upset *Drooling *Central nervous system (CNS) depression, and *hypotension.