Common Sources of Lipids

Question 1

Olive oil

Answer 1

Olea europea (Oleaceae)
- Latifolia: larger
- Longifolia: best oil
- Salad oil, Sweet oil
- SPOL acids

Question 2

Castor oil

Answer 2

Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae)
- Ricinoleic and Isoricinoleic

Question 3

Almond oil

Answer 3

Prunus amygdalus (Roseceae)
- Sweet almond: 2-3 cm, pointed and rounded
- Bitter almond: 1.5-2 cm
- Oleic, Linoleic, Palmitic, Myristic
- Bitter almond contains benzaldehyde, hydrocyanic acid, cyanogenic glycoside, amygdalin

Question 4

Arachis oil

Answer 4

Arachis hypogaea (Leguminosae or Fabaceae)
- Earth-nut, groundnut, peanut
- SPOLA acids

Question 5

Linseed oil

Answer 5

Linum usitassimum (Linaceae)
- Linseed, Flaxseed
- SPMOLL acid

Question 6

Theobroma oil

Answer 6

Theobroma cacao (Sterculiaceae)
- Cocoa butter, Cocoa, Chocolate tree
- Theobromine, SPAO acids
- for suppositories

Question 7

Cottonseed oil

Answer 7

Gossypium herbaceum (Malvaceae)
- SPAMOL acid

Question 8

Corn oil

Answer 8

Zea mays (Graminae)
- SPAMOLL acid
- vehicle, solvent for injection, nutrients

Question 9

Coconut oil

Answer 9

Cocos nucifera (Palmae)
- SPMOL acid
- confectionaries, cosmetics ointment base

Question 10

Sesame oil

Answer 10

Sesamum indicum (Pedaliaceae)
- Sesamin and Sesamolin
- SPAOL acid
- IM injection, nutritive, demulcent, emollient, laxative

Question 11

Sunflower oil

Answer 11

Helianthus annus (Compositae)
- SPABOL acid
- for hydrogenated products, constipation, lowering bad cholesterol

Question 12

Wool Fat

Answer 12

Ovis aries (Bovidae)
- Cholesterol and Isocholesterol,
- Unsaturated alcohols, fatty acids (lanoceric, lanopalmitic, carnaubic)

Question 13

Beeswax

Answer 13

Apis mellifica (Apidae)
- myricin, myricyl sterate, free cerotic acid

Question 14

Carnauba wax

Answer 14

Copernicia cerifera (Arecaceae)
- myricyl certoate w some free alcohols

Question 15

Jojoba wax

Answer 15

Simmondsia chinensis (Simmondsiaceae)