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NSTP - CWTS > Communicable Diseases > Flashcards

Communicable Diseases Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Communicable diseases are disorders caused by organisms such as __, __, __ or ___

A

bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites

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2
Q

Infections of parts of the body involved in breathing, such as the sinuses, throat, airways or lungs

A

Respiratory infections

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3
Q

Usually emerges after consuming food or water that is contaminated with bacteria, parasites, or a virus

A

Intestinal infections

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4
Q

Often happens when there is a break, cut, or wound on your skin

A

Surface infections

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5
Q

Caused by a group of viruses spread to people by the bite of infected arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks

A

Arthropod-borne infections

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6
Q

When do arthropod-borne infections usually occur?

A

During warm weather months, when mosquitoes and ticks are active

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7
Q

Disease caused by infection with certain bacteria, viruses, or other microorganisms that can be passed from one person to another through blood, semen, vaginal flluids during oral, anal, or genital sex with an infected partner

A

Sexually transmitted diseases

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8
Q

Mode: This happens when a perosn with an infecctious disease touches or exchanges body fluids with someone else

A

Person-to-person contact

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9
Q

Mode: Spray of droplets during coughing and sneezing; this requires close proximity

A

Droplet Spread

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10
Q

Mode: Some infectious agents can travel long distancces and remain suspended in the air for an extended period of time

A

Airborne transmission

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11
Q

Transmission occurs when you touch your mouth, nose, or eyes before thoroughly washing your hands

A

Contaminated objects

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12
Q

What is often transmitted through improperly handled producce or undercooked meath

A

E.coli

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13
Q

Improperly canned foods can create an environment for Clostridium botulinum, which cam lead to

A

botulism

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14
Q

The Toxoplasma gondii parasite can be found in ___ feces

A

Cat

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15
Q

This occurs when diseases are transferred from animals to people

A

Zoonosis

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16
Q

Mode: Animal-to-animal disease transmission can sometimes transfer to humans

A

Animal resorvoirs

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17
Q

What are examples of zoonotic diseases?

A

Anthrax (sheep)
Rabies (rodents & other mammals)
West Nile virus (birds)
Plague (rodents)

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18
Q

True or false: Insects become infected when they feed on infected hosts

A

True

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19
Q

What are examples of disseases that are transmitted when an insect bites a new host?

A

Malaria, West Nile virus, Lyme disease

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20
Q

___ is a disease that can be spread by water that supplies cooling towers and evaporative condensers

A

Legionnaires

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21
Q

This disease is transferred through infected soil

A

Hookworm (intestinal parasite in humans)

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22
Q

Disease caused by germs that are spread from person to person through the air

A

Tuberculosis

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23
Q

What virus causes chicken pox

A

Varicella-zoster virus

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24
Q

What are Tuberculosis control programs?

A

The National Tuberculosis Program
The District Tuberculosis Program

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25
What vaccine prevents TB?
Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCS)
26
This is an infection of the nose, throat, and lungs, which are part of the respiratory system; commonly called the flu
Influenza
27
Extremely contagious illness caused by a virus that replicates in the nose and throat of those infected; typically a childhood disease but anyone who is not vaccinated can acquire it
Measles
28
What are the two stages of measles
1. Catarrhal Stage 2. Stage of Eruption
29
What are the three ways in which malaria can be transmitted
1. Vector-transmission - bite of Anopheles mosquito 2. Direct transmission - injection of infected blood 3. Congenital - mother to new born
30
What bacterium causes plague?
Yersinia pestis
31
This is an infectious disease that causes severe disgiguring skins sores and nerve damage in the arms, legs, and skin areas around your body
Leprosy
32
This is a chronic potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
33
This is a chronic potentially life-threatening condition caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
34
This is an inflammation of the liver that is caused by a variety of infectious viruses and noninfectious agents
Hepatitis
35
Symptoms of this disease include dark urine, light-colored stools, joint pain, jaundice
Hepatitis
36
What virus causes COVID-19?
SARS-CoV-2
37
A symptom of this disease includes the appearance of rash in the form of crop on trunk, face, and limbs
Chicken pox
38
These are small flat colored spot on skin that appear first and within the 24 hrs, lesions will appear
Macules
39
When you have influenza, your temperature can raise up to ___ degrees celsius
40.5
40
What vaccine prevents influenza
Polyvalent Influenza Virus Vaccine
41
How does measles spread?
1. Droplet infection 2. Direct contact
42
What stage of measles is characterized by having a. Fever b. Running nose c. Cough d. Appearance of red spot in mouth e. watering eyes
Stage 1: Catarrhal stage
43
What stage of measles is characterized by having a. red rash seen at the back of ears and foreheads along hairline b. rash spread all over the body
Stage 2: Stage of eruption
44
It is a fatal disease caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds on humans
Malaria
45
Symptoms of this disease include being very sick with high fevers, shaking chills, and flu-like illness
Malaria
46
What are the three stages of Malaria?
Cold Stage, Hot Stage, Sweating Stage
47
This stage of malaria is characterized by having onset fever with chills and sensation of extreme cold
Cold Stage
48
This stage of malaria is characterized by having a febrile temperature up to 40-41 degrees celsius
Hot Stage
49
This stage of malaria is characterized by a decreasing fever with sweating
Sweating Stage
50
What are examples of animals which can be infected by plague?
Cats, rabbits, rats, mice, squirrels
51
True or false: Leprosy has been around since ancient times and outbreaks have affected people on every continent
True
52
Symptoms of this disease include: 1. numbness of skin on face, hand, and feet 2. affected skin may become thickened and discolored 3. loss of sensation, which can lead to injury or loss of fingers or toes
Leprosy
53
What specific drug treats leprosy?
Dapsone
54
___ is a sexually transmitted infection (STI)
HIV
55
Can AIDS be transferred from mother to child?
Yes, during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
56
Within 6 weeks of infection the following symptoms appear: 1. Swollen lymph nodes 2. fever 3. fatigue 4. rash 5. sore throat
AIDS
57
When a person acquires AIDS, how many months can their fever persist?
More than one month
58
This disease can be caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water
Hepatitis
59
What vaccines treat hepatitis?
Hepatitis A Vaccine (HAV) and Hepatitis B Vaccine (HBV)
60
True or false: A person can recover from COVID without requiring special treatment
True
61
True or false: Anyone can get sick with COVID-19 and become seriously ill or die at any age
True
62
What is the incubation period for a person who has COVID-19?
5-14 days
63
How long is the incubation period for a person who has COVID-19?
5-14 days
64
How long is the incubation period for a person who has leprosy?
3-5 years
65
How long is the incubation period for a person who has AIDS?
Adult: 8-10 years Children below 5: within 2 years
66
How long is the incubation period for someone who has chicken pox?
14-16 days
67
How long is the incubation period for someone who has influenza?
1-2 days
68
How long is the incubation period for someone who has measles?
8-14 days
69
How long is the incubation period for someone who has malaria?
9-30 days
70
How long is the incubation period of someone who has a plague?
6-9 days
71
How long is the incubation period dof someone who has hepatitis?
2 weeks -6 months

NSTP - CWTS (7 decks)

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