COMMUNICABLE DISEASES III Flashcards
(184 cards)
1
Q
*A double –stranded DNA that Belongs to a
family of virus that causes the small pox
A
*MONKEYPOX (MPOX)
2
Q
*FAMILY of monkeypox
A
Poxviridae
3
Q
*GENUS of poxviridae that causes monkeypox
A
Orthopoxvirus
4
Q
*OUTBREAK STARTED WHEN AND WHERE: monkeypox
A
2022, outside Africa
5
Q
INCUBATION PERIOD of monkeypox
A
3-17 days
6
Q
MODE OF TRANSMISSION of monkeypox
A
*ANIMAL TO HUMAN- HUNTING, SKINNING AND
COOKING ANIMALS
*HUMAN TO HUMAN – DIRECT CONTACT (
ESPECIALLY SEXUAL INTERCOURSE AMONG MEN
WITH MEN)
*CONTAMINATED SHEETS, CLOTHES, NEEDLES
7
Q
INCUBATION PERIOD OF MONKEYPOX
A
3-17 DAYS
8
Q
PPEARS 1-4 DAYS LATER AFTER
FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS (INITIALLY ITCHY PIMPLE
OR BLISTER—THEN BECOMES A SCAB)
A
RASH
8
Q
❑SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS of monkeypox
A
STARTS WITH FLU-lIKE SYMPTOMS
fever/ chills/ coryza
sore throat
cough
nasal congestion
myalgia
headache
lymphadenopathy
rash- APPEARS 1-4 DAYS LATER AFTER
FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS (INITIALLY ITCHY PIMPLE
OR BLISTER—THEN BECOMES A SCAB)
Anergia/ Exhaustion
9
Q
RARE SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF MONKEYPOX
A
*RECTAL PAIN AND SWELLING
*DYSURIA
*SKIN LESIONS ON PALMS AND SOLES,
FACE, MOUTH, THROAT, GROIN,
GENITAL AREAS AND ANUS
10
Q
*DIAGNOSTIC TEST FOR MONKEYPOX
A
RT-PCR Test
11
Q
*PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT during the asymptomatic stage
A
ANTIVIRAL DRUGS
12
Q
antiviral drugs for monkeypox
A
*TECOVIRIMAT
*CIDOFOVIR
*BRINCIDOFOVIR
13
Q
vaccine for the prevention for
smallpox and monkeypox)
A
Jynneos
14
Q
vaccine for monkeypox
❑AGE:____ and above
❑DOSAGE: ___ ML
❑ROUTE: _____
❑ALTERNATIVE: ____ ; ROUTE: _____
❑NUMBER OF DOSES:
❑INTERVAL: ___WEEKS
A
❑AGE:18 and above
❑DOSAGE: 0.5 ML
❑ROUTE: SQ
❑ALTERNATIVE: 0.1mL ; ROUTE: ID
❑NUMBER OF DOSES: 2
❑INTERVAL: 4 WEEKS apart
15
Q
WHEN DO YOU GET THE VACCINE TOO for monkeypox?
A
❑EXPOSURE TO MPOX CASE
❑HAD SEX WITH A CASE IN THE PAST 2 WEEKS
❑A GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANSGENDER, NON-BINARY
OR A MAN WHO AHD SEX WITH ANOTHER MAN
FOR THE 6 MONTHS AND WAS
DIAGNOSED TO HAVE CHLAMYDIA,
GONORRHEA, SYPHILLIS
❑MULTIPLE SEX PARTNERS
16
Q
when was the recent case for anthrax
A
NOVEMBER 2023 IN ZAMBIA
17
Q
Causative agent of anthrax
A
bacillus anthracis ( AEROBIC,
ENCAPSULATED, NON-MOTILE, NON-
HEMOLYTIC GRAM NEGATIVE, SPORE-
FORMING
18
Q
*INCUBATION PERIOD of anthrax
A
1-7 days
19
Q
TYPES OF ANTHRAX
A
- Inhalation Anthrax
- Cutaneous Anthrax
- Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Injection Anthrax
20
Q
INHALATION/BREATHING IN OF
ANTHRAX SPORES
A
Inhalation Anthrax
21
Q
_________________EATING/DRINKING CONTAMINATED
FOOD (RAW OR UNDERCOOKED) AND WATER WITH SPORES
A
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
22
Q
_________________TOUCHING SPORES WITH A CUT OR
SCRAPE IN SKIN
A
Cutaneous Anthrax
23
Q
_________________HEROIN –INJECTING DRUG USERS
A
Injection Anthrax
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*MODE OF TRANSMISSION of anthrax
*CONTACT WITH INFECTED ANIMALS OR
CONTAMINATED ANIMAL PRODUCTS
(DRUMHEADS, WOOL CLOTHING)
*INHALATION/BREATHING IN OF ANTHRAX
SPORES AMONG WOOL MILL WORKERS,
SLAUGHTERHOUSES, TANNIERS
*EATING/DRINKING CONTAMINATED FOOD (RAW
OR UNDERCOOKED) AND WATER WITH SPORES-
*TOUCHING SPORES WITH A CUT OR SCRAPE IN
SKIN-
*HEROIN –INJECTING DRUG USERS
25
Cutaneous ANTHRAX SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
*ITCHY SMALL BLISTERS OR LUMPS
*PAINLESS SORE ON FACE, NECK, ARMS WITH BLACK
CENTER
26
inhalation anthrax SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
fever/ chills
heavy sweating
chest pain
shortness of breath
confusion, dizziness
nausea/ vomiting
myalgia
extreme tiredness
headache
26
gastrointestinal ANTHRAX SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
fever/ chills
lymphadenopathy
sore throat
hematesis (vomitus in blood)
syncope
hoarseness of voice
odynophagia
N/V
Diarrhea
Headache
27
injection anthrax s/sx
❑SWELLING AT INJECTION SITE
❑Erythema
❑Excessive bruising
28
PHARMACOLOGIC MANAGEMENT of anthrax
first line agents. how many days?
fluoroquinolone
7=10 days
28
fluoroquinolone drugs for anthrax
ciprofloxacin
moxifloxacin
levofloxacin
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other drugs for anthrax
doxycycline
penicillin
clindamycin
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ANTHRAX VACCINE
*DOSAGE: ____ML
*ROUTE: _____
*DOSAGE: 0.5 ML
*ROUTE: IM
31
ANTHRAX VACCINE. HOW MANY DOSES?
3
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ANTHRAX VACCINE
*THREE DOSES: ___, ____ MONTH, ____
MONTHS- NOT CONSIDERED PROTECTED
(BOOSTER DOSES NEEDED)
*BOOSTER DOSES: ____ML AT ___ MONTHS
AFTER LAST DOSE THEN ____MONTHS LATER
AND ____YEAR LATER
*THREE DOSES: 0, 1 MONTH, 6
MONTHS- NOT CONSIDERED PROTECTED
(BOOSTER DOSES NEEDED)
*BOOSTER DOSES: 0.5 ML AT 6 MONTHS
AFTER LAST DOSE THEN 12 MONTHS LATER
AND 1 YEAR LATER
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ANTHRAX VACCINE IS GIVEN TO?
*APPROVED BY FDA FOR ADULTS 18- 65 Y/O
*GIVEN TO LAB WORKERS WHO WORK WITH
BACILLUS ANTHRACIS
*GIVEN TO PEOPLE HANDLING INFECTED
ANIMALS OR THEIR CARCASSES
*GIVEN MILITARY PERSONNEL
*NOT GIVEN TO TRAVELERS AS PROPHYLAXIS
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❑Chronic disease of the skin and peripheral nerves
Leprosy
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OTHER NAME of leprosy
hansen's disease
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causative agent of leprosy
mycobacterium leprae
mycobacterium lepromatosis
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MODE OF TRANSMISSION of leprosy
droplet
prolonged skin to skin contact
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Early Signs and Symptoms of leprosy
change in skin color- reddish whitish
loss of sensation due to peripheral nerve damage
loss of sweating
ulcer that do not heal
Muscle weakness
painful and reddened eyes
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Late Signs and Symptoms of leprosy
madarosis- loss of eyebrows
sinking of the nose bridge
clawing of fingers and toes
contractures
Lagophthalmos- inability to close eyelids
enlargement of the breast/ gynecomastia
40
Classification of LEPROSY
Paucibacillary
Multibacillary
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difference of paucibacillary and multibacillary in terms of
1. other name:
2. Incubation period: _____
years
3. _________
4. ______Lesions
5. ______bacilli
6. _________months
treatment
1. other name:
P- tuberculoid/ indeterminate
M- lepromatous/ borderline
2. Incubation period:
P- 1-4 years
M- 4-8 years
3. P- Non-infectious
M- Highly Infectious
4. ______Lesions
P- Few Lesions
M- Several lesions
5. ______bacilli
P- Few bacilli
M- Several Bacilli
6. _________months
treatment
P- 6-9 months
M- 24- 30 months
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DIAGNOSTIC TEST for leprosy
slit skin smear
42
slit skin smear procedure
1. scrape a tissue from the lesion
2. place on a glass slide
3. mix with reagents/ staining solutions
4. view under microscope
5. gram positive, thick peptidoglycan, purple under microscope
43
DOC for Paucibacillary (adult)
Day 1
➢Rifampicin 600mg (once a month)
➢Dapsone100mg (daily)
Day 2-28
➢ Dapsone 100mg (DAILY)
➢6 blister packs to be taken monthly
within a maximum period of 9 months
43
medical management for leprosy
❑Domiciliary treatment:
❑RA 4073
44
Paucibacillary----Child DOC
Day 1
* Rifampicin 450mg and
* Dapsone 50mg
Day 2-28
Dapsone 50mg
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MULTIBACILLARY CHILD
Day 1
*Rifampicin 450mg
*Dapsone 50MG
*Clofazamine 150mg
Day 2-28
*Dapsone 50mg and Clofazamine 50mg
EVERY OTHER DAY
46
Multibacillary (MB Regimen) for adult
Day 1
❑ Rifampicin 600mg (once a month)
❑ Dapsone 100mg daily
❑ Clofazimine 300mg (once a month)
Day 2-28
❑ Dapsone 100mg and clofazimine 50mg
❑ 12 blister packs to be taken monthly within a
maximum period of 18 months
47
PREVENTION for leprosy
❑PREVENTIVE TX: SINGLE
DOSE OF RIFAMPICIN GIVEN TO 2 Y/0
AND ABOVE
❑BCG VACCINATION
48
The definitive diagnosis for leprosy
is?
Skin slit smear
49
* infects the lungs of humans
PARAGONIMIASIS
50
PARAGONIMIASIS is aka as
JAPANESE LUNG FLUKE
51
CAUSATIVE AGENTS OF paragonimiasis
1. Paragonimus westermani- Philippinensis
2. Paragonimus Siamesi
52
intermediate hosts of paragonimiasis
freshwater snail
1. Antemelania Asperata
2. Antemelania Dactylus
Crabs:
1. Varuma Litterata
2. Sundathelphusa Philippina
53
Mode of Transmission of paragonimiasis
*Ingestion of raw or
insufficiently cooked
- freshwater snail
- crayfish
- crabs
54
The incubation period of
PARAGONIMIASIS is?
65 to 90 days
55
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS of paragonimiasis in acute phase
1. Diarrhea
2. Abdominal Pain
3. Fever
4. Weight loss
5. Urticaria- generalized rash
6. splenomegaly/ hepatomegaly
56
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS of paragonimiasis in chronic phase
1. cough/ hemoptysis
2. chest and back pain
3. pulmonary tuberculosis s/sx
a. coughing
b. hemoptysis
c. anorexia
d. weight loss
e. N/V
f. Low grade fever in the afternoon
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DOC for paragonimiasis
praziquantel
bithionol/ bitin
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bithionol/ bitin DO for paragonimiasis
30 to 50 mg/kg PO on alternate days after 10-15 doses
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praziquantel DO for paragonimiasis
25 mg/ kg PO TID for 2 days
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complications of paragonimiasis
1. Pneumonia
2. Bronchiectasis- widening or enlargement of the lung
3. Pleural effusion- fluid in pleural cavity
4. Empyema- pus in pleural cavity
61
PREVENTION AND CONTROL for paragonimiasis
*Never eat raw freshwater
crabs or crayfish.
*Cook crabs and crayfish for
to at least 63 DEG
C/ 145 DEGF
62
❑caused by some species of blood flukes/trematode
worms/parasitic flatworms (Schistosoma).
Schistosomiasis
63
Schistosomiasis is also known as
1. BIlhariasis
2. Snail Fever
3. Katayama Fever
64
schistosomiasis is Transmitted by a tiny snail called?
oncomelania quadrasi
65
schistosomiasis is caused by blood flukes of 3 types :
1. schistosoma mansoni- infect GI causing hematochezia
2. schistosoma japonicum- endemic in Phil
3. schistosoma haematobium- infects genitourinary system- hematuria
66
INCUBATION PERIOD of schistosomiasis
2-6 wks
14-84 days
67
Mode of transmission of schistosomiasis
bathing,
swimming, or washing in
contaminated water
68
The incubation period of
SCHISTOSOMIASIS is?
2 to 6 weeks.
69
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS of SCHISTOSOMIASIS- early signs
initially pruritic rash
fever and chills
diarrhea
cough
malaise
abdominal pain
70
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS of SCHISTOSOMIASIS- late signs
anemia
abdominal enlargement
hepatomegaly
splenomegaly
lymphadenopathy
hematochezia
hematuria
71
DRUGS OF CHOICE for schistosomiasis
praziquantel/ Hetrazan
oxamniquine- s. mansoni
metrifonate- s. haematobium
72
praziquantel for schistosomiasis DO
20mg/ kg TID
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FILARIASIS is commonly known as
elephantiasis
74
✓CAUSATIVE AGENTS: nematode parasites
filariasis
wuchereria Banerofti
Brugia Timori
Brugia Malayi
75
incubation period of filariasis
8-16 month
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✓Mode of Transmission for filariasis:
VECTOR via bite of mosquitoes
77
mosquitoes under filariasis
1. aedes poecillus/ poecilus/ poecilius
2. ANOPHELES MINIMUS FLAVIROSTRIS
3. Culex quinquefasciatus
78
CHARACTERISTICS of the vectors of filariasis
dry and dirty areas
abaca plantation
rural areas
night biting mosquitoes
79
in the peripheral blood: minute larva
asymptomatic stage
microfilariae
80
acute stage of filariasis
1. lymphadenitis
2. lymphangitis
3. Orchitis
81
chronic stage of filariasis
1. lymphedema- accumulation of fluid in lymphatic system
2.elephantiasis- enlargement and hardening of the upper and lower extremities
3. hydrocele- inflammation nd swelling of scrotum
82
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS for filariasis
nocturnal blood examination (NBE) taken after 8 pm
83
DRUGS OF CHOICE for filariasis
diethylcarbamazine citrate
albendazole
ivermectin
84
diethylcarbamazine citrate DO
6mg/ kg TID for 4-7 days
85
albendazole DO
400 mg
86
ivermectin DO
200 mcg/ kg
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inflammation of the meninges in the brain
Meningitis
88
causative agent of meningitis
Haemophilus influenza type B
Neisseria Meningitides
Streptococcus Pneumonia
89
Meningitis mode of transmission
Droplet
Contact with soiled secretions
90
Incubation period of meningitis
2-10 days
91
Diagnostic test for meningitis
Lumbar Tap, Lumbar Puncture, Spinal Tap, Spinal Puncture
92
Normal color of CSF
clear and colorless
93
CSF appearance in (+) meningitis
cloudy- infection
Increased protein
Decrease glucose
93
recommended position during lumbar tap
Orthopneic Position
Fetal Position/ left lateral recumbent position
lateral decubitus position
94
procedure for lumbar tap
1. Insert a small needle into L3 and L4, L4 and L5, or L5 and S1
2. Get 3 samples containing CSF about 1-2mL to be placed in sterile test tubes
95
Intervention after lumbar tap procedure
flat on bed for 6-8 hours
96
- a test to confirm if there is increase ICP
- to evaluate subarachnoid obstruction
- done by physician
Queckenstedt's Test
97
signs and symptoms of meningitis
1. Nuchal Rigidity
2. Kernig's Sign
3. Brudzinski's Sign
98
inability to flex neck forward
Nuchal Rigidity
99
pain upon extension or straightening knees/ legs
Kernig's Sign
100
flexion of the neck causes flexion of the knee
Brudzinski's Sign
101
CSF normal range
Normal Color:
Normal amount:
Glucose level:
Protein:
Normal ICP In newborn
Normal ICP In children
Normal ICP in adults
Normal Color: colorless, clear
NOrmal Amount: 100- 150mL
Glucose level: 50-80mg/ dL
Protein: 20- 50mg/ dL
Normal ICP In newborn: 2-5 mmHg
Normal ICP In children: 8- 10mmHg
Normal ICP in adults: 8- 15mmHg
102
Initial sign of increase ICP
Restlessness
103
other signs of increased ICP
1. Cushing's triad: hypertension, bradycardia, bradypnes
2. Anisocoria - unequal pupils due to compression of 3rd cranial nerve
3. Diplopia (double vision)
4. Doll's eye
5. High Fever and Chills due to involvement of hypothalamus
104
Other signs of increased ICP
1. N/V
2. Photosensitivity
3. Wide pulse pressure
4. Restlessness
5. Convulsion/ Seizure
105
pharmacologic management of meningitis
1. osmotic diuretic (mannitol)
2. corticosteroid (dexamethasone)
3. anticonvulsant
106
anticonvulsant drugs for meningitis
1. tegretol
2. phenobarbital
3. phenytoin/ dilantin
4. pain relievers- codeine for headache
107
most common anticonvulsant drug for meningitis
phenytoin/ dilantin
108
therapeutic level of phenytoin/ dilantin
10- 20mcg/ dL
108
nursing considerations for phenytoin/ dilantin
per orem- given with food to prevent GI upset
109
phenytoin/ dilantin administration procedure
1. prepare 10cc of normal saline solution
2. note that phenytoin readily crystalizes to vein
3. adm. 5cc of nss
4. phenytoin
5. adm. the remaining 5cc of NSS
110
dos and donts when on dilantin therapy
1. avoid driving
2. monitor glucose levels
3. dilute with NSS and not dextrose solution
4. Avoid IM injection
5. Avoid alcohol
6. Monitor CBC because it can cause bone marrow suppression
7. contraindicated in pregnancy
8. gradual withdrawal of phenytoin to prevent Status epilepticus
111
common side effects of dilantin therapy
1. red urine
2. ataxia
3. nystagmus
4. bone marrow depression- leukopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia
5. gingival hyperplasia
112
gingival hyperplasia nursing management
1. soft bristle toothbrush
2. regular dental check- up
3. good oral care/ hygiene
4. massage gums
113
management for ICP
1. Semi-fowler's position
2. head of bed elevation- 30 to 40 degrees, max 45 degrees celsius
3. fluid restriction- 1L to 1.5 L
114
factors that increase ICP
1. N/V
2. valsalva maneuver
3. Oversuctioning
4. Enema
5. Rectal Exam
6. Bending or Stooping
115
rabies latin and greek
latin: "madeness"
greek: "lyssa" - violent
116
other term of rabies
lyssa
hydrophobia
117
causative agent of rabies
rhabdovirus
118
mode of transmission of rabies
1. bite or scratch of any rabid/ warm- blooded animal
2. touching the saliva, then touching your eyes or mouth
3. airborne, due to inhalation of the aerosols of virus
119
complications of rabies
1. meningitis
2. encephalitis
3. death can occur in 2 to 10 days (muscle spasm)
120
what to do once bitten with warm blooded animal
1. observe dog in 10days
2. if dog dies, bring head to PHO
3. they will study the negri bodies present in the head of the dog
121
rabies vaccine
1. PVRV- purified vero cell rabies vaccine
2. PCECV- Purified chick embryo cell vaccine
122
PVRV
purified vero cell rabies vaccine
- 0.5 mL, IM or 0.1 mL ID
123
management for rabies
1. wound care: soap and water, povidone iodine, or alcohol
2. vaccination
3. observe pet for 10 days
4. Have pet immunized at _____months of age and
every year after
123
Rabies
# of doses:
interval:
Rabies
# of doses:
- 4 doses for the first time
- 2 booster doses the second time
interval:
- 2 weeks: days 0, 3, 7, 14
*2 booster doses from those who had received vaccine before after an exposure
- interval: days 0 and 3
123
dengue fever is aka
breakbone fever
123
s/ sx of rabies
1. appherension
2. hydrophobia
3. fever
4. headache
5.
6. paralysis
7. disorientation/ confusion
124
PCECV
Purified chick embryo cell vaccine
- 1mL IM/ 0.1mL ID
124
dengue fever
family:
genus:
dengue fever
family: flaviridae
genus: flavivirus
it was termed orthoflavivirus in 2023
124
mode of transmission of dengue fever
1. bite of aedes aegypti
2. female mosquito as the vector
125
characteristics of female aedes aegypti
day biting
low-flying
stagnant water
urban areas
125
causative agents of dengue fever
1. Dengue virus 1, 2, 3, 4
2. Chikungunya virus
3. Onyongyong virus
125
incubation period of dengue fever
6-7 days
126
diagnostic test for dengue fever
Tourniquet Test
Rumpel–Leede capillary fragility Test
Capillary Fragility Test
wait check mo it's
127
stages of dengue fever
A. Febrile or Invasive Stage
B. Toxic or Hemorrhagic Stage
C. Convalescence/ Recovery Stage
128
Febrile or Invasive Stage
1. 1-3 days
2. fever (40 degrees celsius or 140 Fahrenheit)
3. chills
4. arthralgia
5. N/ V
6. Loss of appetite
7. headache
8. abdominal pain
9. rash - appears on the 3rd day
10. malaise
129
Toxic or Hemorrhagic Stage
4-7 days
1. signs of bleeding
2. epistaxis
3. gum bleeding
4. melena
5. narrowed pulse pressure
6. hypotension, weak and thready pulse
so avoid dark colored foods and beverages because they mask the signs and symptoms
130
Convalescence/ Recovery Stage
1. 8th to 10th day
2. patient regains appetitie
3. BP normalizes
4. generalized flushing
131
grade levels of DHF
grade 1
(+) tourniquet test
fever
headache
abdominal pain
no bleeding
132
grade 2 DHF s/sx
signs of spontaneous bleeding
1. epistaxis
2. gum bleeding
3. melena
132
grade 3 DHF
1. circulatory collapse
2. hypotension, narrowed pulse pressure, tachypnea, tachycardia
3. weak and thready pulse
133
nursing management for dengue fever
1. Ice packs placed on forehead
2. TSB for fever
3. Increase fluid intake - 3 to4L to increase circulating volume
4. MOnitor vital signs
5. diet: avoid dark colored foods
- increase carbohydrate
- increase protein
- increase vit C
6. clean surroundings
7. bed rest
8. avoid constipation to prevent rectal bleeding
133
grade 4 DHF
signs of profound/ severe shock
palpable pulse
pt difficult to awake
134
odenga, 2022
dosage:
doses:
interval:
route:
dosage: 0.5 mL
doses: 2
interval: 3 months
route: SQ
134
medical management for dengue fever
homemade oresol solution- a pinch of salt, 4-6 teaspoons of sugar mixed to 1L of water
Acetaminophen for fever
No aspirin- anticoagulant- causes bleeding
codeine- for severe headache and for myalgia
135
# of doses: interval of?
vaccine for dengue fever
dengvaxia, 2016
dosage:
route:
storage:
# of doses: 3 doses- 0, 6 months, 12 months
dosage: 0.5 mL
route: SQ
storage: +2 to +8
interval of: 6 months apart
135
vaccines for dengue fever
dengvaxia, 2016
odenga, 2022
135
contraindications for dengvaxia and odenga vaccines
1. AIDS/ HIV
2. Immunosuppressed
3. Chemotherapy
4. Corticosteroid Therapy
5. Pregnancy
6. Breastfeeding
136
other name for chicken pox
varicella
137
CAUSATIVE AGENT of chicken pox:
human alpha herpes virus 3
138
Incubation Period of chicken pox
13- 17 days
139
pattern of chicken pox
macule- papule (elevated rash)- vesicle (fluid- filled) - scab
140
where does the rashes starts in chicken pox
starts in the covered areas of the body
- chest
- centripetal distribution
140
when is the patient highly communicable in chicken pox
until the scabs have crusted over
141
diagnostic test for chicken pox
vesicular fluid test
tzanck smear
142
mode of transmission of chicken pox
droplet
contact
airborne is possible
143
clinical manifestations of chicken pox
1. irritating rash
2. fever
3. anorexia/ loss of appetite
4. headache
5. malaise
6. coryza
144
Malaria
CA: Parasites
Plasmodium Falciparum
Plasmodium Malariae
Plasmodium Vivax
Plasmodium Ovale
Plasmodium Knowlesi
145
Characteristic of Mosquito under Malaria
Night biting
HIgh Flying
River flowing
Rural Areas
146
IP of Malaria
10- 12 days
147
MOT of Malaria
ector-borne or the bite of a Female Anopheles Mosquito
148
Cold Stage of Malaria
quivering/ shivering
Chills
Chatter teeth
148
Malaria Hot stage
Very high fever: > 40^0C or > 140 ^0F
Reddened eye and skin
Skin is warm to touch
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