Community Ecology (2.3) - Parts 1-3

Question 1

‘troph’ to feed or eat

Answer 1

Trophic structure

Question 2

Sunlight

Answer 2

Energy moves to producers

Question 3

Producers

Answer 3

Energy moves to Primary Consumers

Question 4

Primary Consumers

Answer 4

Energy moves to Secondary Consumers

Question 5

Secondary Consumers

Answer 5

Energy moves to tertiary consumers

Question 6

Tertiary Consumers

Answer 6

Energy moves to decomposers

Question 7

Decomposers

Answer 7

Matter is recycled back to producers

Question 7

A simplified model of energy passing from one trophic level to the next level.

Answer 7

Food chain

Question 8

A model showing possible feeding relationships that could exist (multiple interacting food chains)

Answer 8

Food web

Question 9

All the populations of species that live in the same habitat and interact with each other.

Answer 9

Community

Question 10

This relationship exists because resources are in small supply.

Answer 10

Competition (-,-)

Question 11

The place or function of a given organism within its environment, which affects its survival.

Answer 11

Niche

Question 12

Name two kinds of predation.

Answer 12

Normal – A predator kills and eats its prey. For example, a Lion killing and eating a Gazelle.
​Parasitism - A parasite harms another organism. For example, a mosquito biting you.

Question 13

Give an example of normal predation.

Answer 13

Normal – A predator kills and eats its prey. For example, a Lion killing and eating a Gazelle.

Question 14

Give an example of parasitism.

Answer 14

Parasitism - A parasite harms another organism. For example, a mosquito biting you.

Question 15

Name 5 adaptations for predators to catch prey.

Answer 15

Claws, teeth, poisons, speed, and musculature.

Question 16

Name 6 adaptations against predators to avoid being caught.

Answer 16

Long legs, speed, flight, horns, coloration, and sense of smell.

Question 17

Name 4 adaptations against predators to avoid being caught.

Answer 17

​Camouflage
​Warning coloration
​Defensive chemicals
​Mimicry

Question 18

Coloration that helps an animal blend in with the surroundings.

Answer 18

Camouflage.

Question 19

Bright colors such as red, orange, yellow, or blue.

Answer 19

Warning coloration.

Question 20

Skunk spray

Answer 20

Defensive chemicals.

Question 21

This is when the coloration, makes a harmless animal look like a harmful animal

Answer 21

Mimicry

Question 22

A community at ‘equilibrium’ showing little disturbance or change over time.

Answer 22

Stability

Question 23

Change in community due to time and disturbance

Answer 23

Ecological Succession

Question 24

This type of succession is basically starting from scratch with pioneer species, like lichens and mosses.These species are the first to an area and have the ability to breakdown rock into dirt/soil.

Answer 24

Primary succession

Question 25

________________ then transition(change) to grasses to bushes. Then overtime bushes transition to trees.

Answer 25

Pioneer species

Question 26

This is when a hardwood forest exists all over the specific area.

Answer 26

Climax community

Question 27

Give examples of hardwood trees.

Answer 27

Oak, elm, and maples

Question 28

This type of succession starts at the grasses area. Soil already exists.

Answer 28

Secondary succession

Question 29

Give an example of secondary succession

Answer 29

​For example: An abandoned farm turning into a forest over time. Dirt already exists, so no pioneer species are needed.