Comp 1

Question 1

Assassins creed - industry and audience

Answer 1

• Under representation of women.
• Cultural significance of a female protagonist
• Minority of females in video games.
• Assassins creed franchise has made adaptions over different versions of the game to address dipperent changes in society.
• Video games are a relatively new form of media!
• This new release of the game may be seen as an attempt to bring higher game production values to the new gaming arena.
• Other games in the franchise have introduce cross generational gaming enabling data to be transferred from earlier generation consoles.
• The opportunities to distribute and circulate games and to distribute additional content.
• The game itself developed one with changes in technology.
• Video games are culturally and financiadles significant across Japan Europe and the USA.
• The release of new gaming technology can be mayor economy events.
• In 2021 the value or the global video games market was estimated to be 138 billion.
• Ubisoft is a large global company, a lot of resources and a lot of money.
• assassins creed used a lot of gameplay footage for marketing, filmic sections in the trailer, variety of posters with intertextual reference to the other assassins creed games.
• game was released exclusively on the ps vita.
• handheld game console has become increasingly popular.
• female protagonist.
• females are usually sexualised and underrepresented in the media and in video games represented as this damsel in distress.
• avelline is presented as dominant and powerful which may appeal to female audiences.
• Ubisoft released a range of videos of YouTube to attract global audiences.
• Ubisoft tried every opportunity to make money from the game so when technology developed they released the game in HD which meant dedicated fans bought the new version so they could have this high quality.
• ubisoft took the assassins creed franchise to comicon. Poplar film this and it ends up on YouTube
• due to digital convergence its harder to regulate video games as its very accessible to underage individuals.
• bandura believes video games can make individuals violent.
• assassins creed is regulated 18+.
• vsc regulates video games with the PEGI rating system.
• the game is based around slavery it may appeal to audiences who have an interest in historical topics like this.
• may appeal to a mixed race or ethnic minority audience.
• may appeal to an= more educated audience.

Question 2

Black Panther industry

Answer 2

-made by marvel studios
-17th film within a franchise of superhero movies
- marvel is owned by Disney which is one of the largest conglomerates in the world.
- marvel is both horizontally and vertically integrated.
- Marvel were able to use Disney to distribute their film.
- Disney = global, bigger budget, better team, better industry knowledge.
- Disney have a 360 degree marketing campaign meaning Disney was everywhere.
- black panther was marketed through posters, trailers, social media, merchandise, actors on chat shows so heavily diverse marketing
- Disney worked with mats bro toy company which made black panther action figures.
- comic books were around long ago so has a pre sold audience and also targets them older audiences who read the comics.
- Disney works with a car company Lexus who released two cars related to black panther targeting that larger audience.
- Kendrick Lamar released a soundtrack with Disney which targets a young black urban audience.
- The trailer for the film was shown in an ad break for the Super Bowl which is a huge global sport event.
- People started to crowdfund so young black children were able to see the film of a young black cast.
- Disney also worked with New York fashion week and had a whole fashion show dedicated the black panther which helped to target a female audience.
- Trailer was viewed 1 million times on YouTube within 24 hours.
- Was the most tweeted about film in 2019.
- pre sold fan base
- Use similar genres like suprerhero to minimise risk
-12a regulated
-Black panther is one of the least known superhero’s which may be seen as risky.
- In the past films with black protagonist were mainly social films focusing on an issue.
- All black cast may target a niche audience which may be seen as risky.

Question 3

Kiss of the vampire - representation

Answer 3

• blonde female on the left is being carries by the male, her floppy body language is weak,vulnerable and victimised which highlights male dominance as he appears as a ‘hero’.
• Blonde girl is quite sexualised with a lot of exposed skin especially her upper chest and tight dress highlighting her body shape adhering to the male gaze.
• The blonde girl is also very stereotyped, pale skin, blonde,light eyed and slim body.
• The brunette girl is also quite sexualised, dress is made of silk, tight around the bust, wearing heels, very feminine.
• Has quite an objectified view of women which is due to this poster being made in the 60s where women were starting to become more sexualised and objectified i the media.
  -in the 60s their was a sexual revolution where laws such as divorce and abortion were introduced.
• 60s there was a second wave of feminism and m,ore women were gaining rights.- horror films tend to have a mostly male audience therefore appeals to the male gaze.
• was produced by a mainstream horror production company therefor is likely to have more mainstream views.
• male protagonist as the vampire tend to present himself as masculine and aggressive and powerful asserting his dominance through black cl,thing and a red cape.
• reflects patriarchal ideologies.
• Male charector on the bottom is leant on the floor with his head back presenting him as weak and vulnerable with a dominant female standing over him in a powerful manner may reflect the change in gender norms in the 60s.
• The brunette female is represented as dominant and villain like which was unconventional during this time.
• There was both 1 male and 1 female villain and 1 male and 1 female victim which highlights some gender equality.
• In the credit block there was only one female name mentioned and a lot of males suggesting the industry is more male dominated.

Question 4

Tokyo Paralympics - representation

Answer 4

• the black female is presented in the centre of the frame which adds this feeing of importance, representing women as important.
• women are often underrepresented in the media.
• Range of gender, diversity and disabilities which represents inclusion.
• Heavy breathing and emphasis on strapping and tapping joints represents their daily struggles and their battles.
• the female presented with lots of medals around her neck represents women as successful.
• shot between the cyclist and his daughter fascetiming on her birthday emphasises the struggles of being an athlete and a parent, could represent men as being absent from their child’s lives and focusing more on success.
• Cuts between child birth and training suggests they are equally just as hard.
• Showing everyday life such as childbirth and parenting offers this normalised feeling.
• Shots of bruisers and blisters emphasising their pain.
• The boat tying the women down when swimming may reflect her disabilities tying her down in life.
• The manipulative shot of Norris Johnson may reflect the government being unsupportive of disabled people.
  “To be a Paralympic there has to be something wrong with you” , adhere to the stereotype that being disabled is wrong. May help to change pre-conceptions of disabled people.
• smashing the “super” in human and focusing on just the “human” represents disabilities as more normalised rather as hero’s or super which Chanel 4 Paralympic’s advert has been criticised for in the past.

Question 5

HYHGP - audience

Answer 5

• target audience is 25-45, educated, ethnically diverse people.
• Educated audiences will be engaged by the mix of poetry, politics, culture and philosophical ideas.
• Withing his podcast he uses a variety of Oder slang including street dialects which would help to engage younger audiences.
• He focuses on issues that are relatable to black and other ethnic minority audiences.
• Grenfell tower, gang crime, drug discrimination, racism which all focus on issues relating to black communities and culture to offer audiences relatable content.
• Won a Peabody award which is an award for those who make more niche cultural programmes.
• George will engage audiences whop are young, black males, interested in spoken word as they may see him as a role model.
• George was previously known for his career in poetry and music so has a pre-sold audience.
• George the poet attended Cambridge university and he challenges negative stereotypes of young black men.
• Features artists such as storms and jay-z to target these younger audiences.
• predominantly black artists are featured to target this urban culture.
• Podcast is accessible, reasonably short episodes of approx 5 mins.
• As podcasts are pre-recorded rather than live, there are very few opportunities for active audiences to interact.
  They do offer social interaction on social media through their common ground space. Allows audience to discuss topics from the show and contribute thoughts.
• Radio 5 has a mostly male, white , upper class, over 40 audience.
• The podcast has a younger audience from an inferential ethnic background.
• Could be an attempt to expend their listener base.
• George often features guests, his mum, his brothers etc to make him seem more relatable and family friendly.
• Diverse representations of ethnicity through guests, music etc which will appeal to those who often feel ethnicity is underrepresented in the media. Minority audiences.
• Combination of guests, music, poetry can be entertaining and educational.
• Clips from or references to other popular media products to feel more interesting.
• References content from 1980s which suggest they also target older audiences.

Question 6

HYHGP - industry

Answer 6

• bbc is a public service broadcaster
• The BBC’s rent is to inform, educate and entertain
• There’s a lot of informative education around culture.
• BBC doesn’t need to target a mass audience due to being funded by public liscence fees therefore can target more niche audiences.
• Podcasts can be seen as risky due to niche audiences.
• The bbc is trying to becomes more diversified and inclusive due to being criticised in the past.
• The BBC as a diversity and inclusion plan.
• Radio 5 has a mostly male audience, over 40, white , middle class.
• HYHGP covers a wide variety of topics.
• George has full creative control
• George has previous success in poetry and music so may have a pre-sold fan base.

Question 7

Sam fender - representation

Answer 7

• starts with Sam surrounded by terraced houses, lack of nature, dingy colours which create a representation of a working class town.
• Close up of singing ear singing to the camera represents him as important and is engaging for viewers.
• Loosely framed slo-mo shot of the coast represents life as being more free and relaxed.
• Contrast the way the urban area feels trapped and the rural area is freeing.
• MOntage of shot makes the narrative unclear.
• wide angle of him singing to camera in a crow that’s looking in the opposite direction represents I’m as different and unique against this crowd. Also seems isolated.
• Shots of him driving makes him seem sad and thoughtful and lonely.
• LOts of fast paced shots which m,Akers his life seem chaotic.
• Lack of emotion on his face which adds to toxic masculinity of men in the media.
• Some lyrics draw tension to the way men are encouraged to oppress their emotions .
• Lots of females charectors who have close relationship representing them as emotional.
• Scenes of women fighting which challenges these gender conventions.
• the grey shirt he’s wearing is a dusty greys which feels quite depressing.
• He’s wearing a pub uniform which may reflect his teenage years when he did in fact work in a pub. Also adds to the working class representations.
• Shot of him at rooftop level which is quite surreal but represents this idea of him rising advise the situation and becoming a role model and escaping his problems.
• lots of low-key lighting which adds to the representation of him being sad.
• lots of saturated colouring which also downtones the mood.
• rural locations are brighter which suggest life is easier there.
• Working class people are represented as people who are struggling.
• Sam fender grew up in Newcastle which had high poverty and crime levels.
• Uses northern slang.
• northern part of England isnt often represented in the music part of media.
• His videos emphasise the beauty of the coastal areas.
• Young people are shows as being bored and having little to do except party and fight.
  -Convention al parts of teenage life.
• Lots of the faced paced close ups suggest drug taking is going on as they are quite disturbing.
• Sam fender grew up in a community of drug takers in his youth.
• Represents those in poverty being surrounded by drugs.
• The mother charector is ignoring everyone and is stood with a bottle of gin which may reflect her having addiction issues and being quite absent.
• lyric reference issues with money and the department worker pension being unhelpful when the mother clearly needed help.
• Northern areas of Britain are very anti-conservative and hate the government.
• Convential representations for indie genre.

Question 8

Tide - representation

Answer 8

• Lady has her haired up curled with a head scarf on, wearing a pretty blouse with apron and face ful of makeup which represents her in an idealised fashion and perfect looking.
• Women’s dress code reflects what was fashionable in 1950s.
• having her hair tied in a hair scarf is practical and represents her as more ready to do homework.
• Her facial expression of smiling and hugging the tide box symbolises that she loves tide and housework which is a very typical representation of women in the 1950s.
• Symbolic code of the hearts above her face signifies her love for housework and tide.
• 1950s women were expected to be housewives.
• the idea of women loving housework is also signified through the sloga at the top of the page saying “tides got what women want”, which suggests they love housework. This is also written in red writing which is a very loving colour.
• Positive representations of women in the home were created to encourage women to willingly return to their domestic lives after war, after replacing men in workplaces whilst they caught.
• The women is represented as being quite dominants as the image is drawn to her and in a large size so it does represent women as quite powerful. Engages their target audience.
• The head scarf and the way her arm positioned may be an intertextual reference to a war time propaganda poster which could give the impression buying tide would empower them or mae them powerful.
• Reflects van zoonens theory that females are shown as being traditional. However does challenge the part of van zoobens theory that states women are often sexualised in the media.
• Not very realistic as its very illustrated, the women is painted, their a comic strip meaning they can alter this to fit the way they want her to look etc. They were trying to intice women back into the home and showing things in this unreal way helps to create fantasy around it.
• Reality of post war Britain wasn’t appealing for many.
• Misrepresentation of women loving housework is because most people working in media were men.
• Many audiences at the time would’ve seen this representation of women as quite conventional and normal.
• some feminists may of seen this advert as quite sexist.
• The women is white reflecting hooks ideo that white women are often idealised.
• Reflects gilroys theory that white people are often represent tend as powerful and ethnic people are often marginalised
• May of helped women to construct their own identities.

Question 9

Tide - audience

Answer 9

• tides target audience were white American and British women aged 18-40, married with children who stayed at home and aspired to have the perfect lifestyle.
• use of beautifully illustrated women targets women who aspire to be perfect.
  -Use of language, use of the word women makes it clear there targeting women.
• Use a lot of direct adress which targets audience.
• The image of the lady being an intertextual reference of the war poster targets those who aligned with the Rosie the riveter poster.
• The women’s dress code reflects what was fashionable in the 19s which appeals to those who wanted to align with trends.
• The comic of women putting washing on the line shows them hanging male clothing and children’s clothing which signifies they’re targeting those with a specific marital sentence.
• The image of the washing machine targets that post war female audience as consumerism went through the roof in the 1950s and new technologies like the washing machine came about.
• Very new and fashionable item on the advert targets a wide range of audiences.
• product was mentioned in good housekeeping a very popular magazine.
• Uses a variety of written language in order to try and influence audiences to buy the product.
• audiences now days would be more inclined to be negotiated or oppositional but those in the 1950s would be dominant hegemonic.
• gerbners cultivation theory adhere to this as it would’ve cultivated over time and opinions have changed over time.
• The persuasiveness that tide is such a great product might’ve also cultivated audiences.
• Audiences may also use tide for entertainment, information, escapism, social interaction and identification.
• Colour scheme, cartoons would be quite entertaining.
• Some audiences find tide quite informational through new products coming out such as tide and the washing machine.
• may of been able to identify with the people in it through relating or aspiring to have a better life and being able to buy tide.

Question 10

Turntables - representation & audience

Answer 10

• Janelle monad is a non binary singer.
• uses pronouns she/her.
• Video opens with an archive Audio clip from a speech by famous writer and civil rights activist James Baldwin. Draws attention to the long term and ongoing nature of the fight for racial equality in the USA.
• Costume that Jelle is wearing seems very old fashion, seems like a 1940s style military uniform. Connotes that this is a war/ fight for equality linked to nationalism.
• Overcoat, hat and suitcase connoted this power and dominance which makes her seem quite important.
• Young black girl with quite unusual hair and a virtual reality headset which feels very futuristic. Her watching these scene of Janelle connotes that racial inequality is a thing of the past.
• gives a hopeful message about the future.
• binary oppositions of past vs future to add to the theme that things need to change.
• Very old archive footage of real civil rights related events adds to sense of realism and thru the less of the video.
• Singing standing infront of the American flag contributes to that fact that the video is about the USA and nationalism.
• Archived shots of black history is cross cut with shots of black family having dinner together which contrasts with the civil rights being the past and the happy version being the future.
• Lyrics suggest the singer is actively involved in the fights through the lyrics ‘ i keep my hands dirty and my mind clean’.
• lots of shots of large numbers of crowds which emphasises the important nature of these issues affected a large number of people.
• images of police in riot gear and people confronting these police officers is very reflective of the rise in the Black Lives Matter movement.
• draws attention to injustices amongst the justice system too e.g racial roiling and police brutality.
• Montage of shots with people with there fists in the air which also references black power and blm
• Shots of punching, boxing and violence helps to reinforce the message that there is a fight for equality and justice.
• Themes of nationalistic issues are identified when we see statues toppling over and Janelle’s sings America you are a lie which is very anti-American.
  -images of voting reinforces the importance of democracy.
• When Janelle sings the tables are about to turn the camera shots rotate which suggests things are about to turn literally. After this there are a lot of positive I’mages of people being happy especially minority groups such as lgbtq community.
• pride flags.
• ‘ you fuck up the kitchen, you should do the dishes’ which is this idea that if yo ruin the world you should be the one that fixes it. Represents older generations as needing to fix the world they’ve ruined in terms of climate change and environment.
• Includes a variety of people from different minority background which reflects diversity and inclusion.
• Also references to a lack of ethnic diversity in the toy industry through the little girl looking a the white doll and black doll and seems pleased to have found a doll that looks like her.
• Several archive images of real politicians which suggest she is pro- democrat.
• Imagery of passionate screaming as well as dragging the statue reflects the hard struggles that people have.
• The young girl with the umbrella protecting her from the sparks offers the idea that the world is a dangerous place and we need to be protecting the next generation.
• The music video was written for an amazon documentary entertainment called ‘all in : the fight for democracy’
• the documentary focused on the surpression of black voters.
• The documentary tackles the fact that in many elections black and other minority citizens often are stopped from voting via a range of illegal; or unethical methods.
• the closing shot of the beach with diegetic waves adds a feeling of peace, hope and freedom.
• lots of direct adress to make the singer seem important.
• the representation in the video make audiences feel seen and empowered.
• many singers avoid political protests in their videos in order to avoid controversy and target as wide an audience as possible.
• narrows audiences to more progressive and Liberal Democrat audiences which can be seen as risky..
• Some audiences find political protest videos as less entertaining and too woke.
• Some audiences may react negatively as they don’t believe racial discrimination and injustice still exists.
• Some very patriotic American audiences are very offended by any content that suggests the USA is any thing other than perfect.
• Janelle monies own experiences of being black, non binary, bisexual; and pan sexual may impact ther way they represent people diversely in their videos.

Question 11

I Daniel Blake - industry

Answer 11

• Funded through the bfi, bbc and national lottery funding.
• BBC is a pubic service broadcaster with a remit to inform educate and entertain.
• Was advertised through graffiti and gorilla marketing.
• ## Was also advertised traditionally through billboards to make a statement.

Question 12

Assassins creed - industry and audiences

Answer 12

• Published by UBISOFT.
  -Game was initially introduced in 2007.
• Video games firsts started to gain popularity is 1970.
• Three major territories where video games are culturally significant is japan, Europe and USA.
• Assassins creed is a franchise.
• Ubisoft is a global company which means it can be distributed globally.
• lots of money to spend on marketing
• marketed through gameplay footage
• lots of filmic footage in the trailer which makes it feel quite epic.
• variety of posters which have a lot of intertextual references to the other assassin creed games.
• being a franchise means pre sold fans.
• game was released exclusively on the PS vita which was new at the time.
• worked with Sony who made the ps vita to work alongside each other to increase demand of the other product.
• the hand healed games consoles has become more popular through digital technology. Attracts people as they wanna be the first to try out this new technology.
• the game is unusual as it has a female ethnic protagonist..
• women in games particular ethnic minority women are often underrepresented.
• women in games are often the damsel in distress.
• women are also often sexualised
  -aveline is strong and dominant targeting female gamers and is a usp
• range of videos on YouTube which targets gamers who spend a lot of time on YouTube with tips and hints which attracts global audience.
• maximise profits minimise risks.
  -when new technology developed they remastered it again and rereleased it in HD which a lot of loyal fans brought just to get the better quality.
• gaming conventions, Ubisoft took assassins creed to Comic-Con.
• easier to get hold of video games over 18 rated
• made regulation of video games much harder as its easier for underaged people to get hold of the game.
• some people think video games will make players violent as they immitate what they see, bandanas bobo doll theory.
• moral panics over video games as crimes have been committed before that people have blamed on video games.
• vsc use pegi rating and was given an 18 rating.
• this is cause characters kill for the sake of killing.
• narrative is based around slavery meaning audiences with interest in historical topics may be interested.
• those of an ethnic minority may be attracted.
• variety of downloadable content available.
• if they finished the game they had the ability to play as Connor another charector.
• pushes audiences to spend as much money on the franchise as possible through all the different games.

Question 13

Paralympic ad -audience

Answer 13

• tension positions us as if we are there.
• exaggerated breathing makes audiences feel the pressure that they’re feeling.
• use of the silk bonnet helps to engage black audiences.
• targets a range of diverse audiences such as disabled people, ethnic minority people, all genders all ages.
• pov shots make audiences feel like they’re taking part.
• narrative includes non sport related things such as discrimination faced by disabled people which may equate audiences and encourage change.
• The buggy malone themes Tuen being used targets adults as its an old popular film.
• Toyota sponsorship also targets an older audience of 18 and above and reflects how expensive filming and broadcasting sports events are.
• more of a progressive or socially conscious demographic, diverse audiences and those who are supportive of diablitity rights and inclusion are likely to be dominant hegemonic.

Question 14

The times - media language

Question 15

Daily mirror - media language

Question 16

The times - representation

Answer 16

• masthead suggests the paper will show us what is happening at his ‘time’ around the world.
• the logo in between the two words ‘ the times’ signifies the paper as being steeped in tradition and history.
• the lion and horse in the logo are both very powerful animals which suggests its a powerful dominant newspaper.
• serif find represents the paper as being traditional sophisticated and classy.
• the question at the top ‘ how to be fit? ‘ engages audiences.
• ‘I was bitten by a pandemic puppy’ which reflects the context of people biting pets during Covid pandemic.
• large bold image of borris Johnson is eye catching.
• large amount of small print opt represents the paper as being quite complex and aimed at readers with high literacy levels.
• borris Johnson’s close up is not very flattering, he’s scrunching up his face as if he’s ashamed and lacks confidence which suggests his future is unclear.
• • borris is wearing a suit and tie which is a signifier for wealth and power.
• the pull quote says ‘there was too little thought given to what was happening across the country, there were failures of leadership and judgement by different parts of no10’ by sue gray who was investigating the rule breaking suggests she has made a judgement and the newspaper gives the overall conclusion that borris has failed in some way.
• the times say they remain politically neutral. However in real witty they slightly lean more right.
  -0 negative connotations of borris and the conservatives is unusual.
• maybe done to reflect the fact that the public were so angry about this scandal that the times have had to also act angry about the scandal.
• in sue grays quote there’s ellipsis which suggests there’s more judgement to come.
• the mention of the police in the headline makes it seem more urgent and important.
• The use of the ‘four’ emphasises how many times the rules were broken.
• use of facts and statistics help to emphasise the evidence against borris.
• ‘the times verdict’ represents the paper as being judgemental and important.
• the papers includes judgements from a range of people from all different parties to make it sound all the parties are shocked and not just labour.
• ‘drinking culture’ sugggests excessive drinking and that the Conservative Party are lazy and not professional.
  -other stories on the front cover are quite factual and objective.
• jump lines referring to other pages in the paper help to engage readers to buy and read more.
• formal mode of adress reflects broadsheet status and suggests serious content

Question 17

Daily mirror representation

Answer 17

• the masthead ‘ the daily mirro’ suggests that the paper will reflect like a mirror the news back to us.
• above the masthead is a strap line ‘ the heart of britian’ which represents the paper as central to British life.
• the image of the queen at the top of the paper in a jewelled outfit with a crown and jewellery representing her as very wealthy which may create this fantasy for their target audience who may dream too be this wealthy and powerful as she is.
• Using such an old photo of the queen suggests the length of her reign and the historical content of the article.
• the image of the queens father king George on the right hand side representing the monarchy as being full of traditional and history.
• the front cover is a giant image and a small amount of writing which is conventional for tabloid papers as it reflects the literacy levels of the readers.
• image of Norris being so large makes him seem very important.
• Burris wearing a suit and tie represents him as wealthy and high status.
• borris looks messy and disheveled connoting that he is a bit lazy and unprofessional.
• his facial expressions looks like he’s smirking as if he doesn’t see anything wrong with his actions.
• the image is anchored by the big headline across the page saying zero shame which emphasises him being unashamed.
• other men such as kier starker wearing suits and ties represents men as wealthy and powerful.
• use of numbers and facts help to make the article seem persuasive and suggest the enormity of breaking these rules.
• the use iof ellipsis (…) communicates the daily mirrors opinion that he should of apologised. Reflects the daily mirrors viewpoints as anti conservative and pro labour.
• there feelings about borris Johnson is emphasised through calling him shameless.
• creates a binary opposition between borris Johnson and the public where is says borris Johnson was out partying g whilst the rest of the nation was sticking to the rules high represents him as a villain which pits borris Johnson against the rest of the nation.
• negative words create a representation of him as arrogant and uncaring.
• intertextual cultural code ‘party gate’ which is a reference to the water gate sca dal where us president richard Nixon was investigated for corruption and crimes. This then represents borris as being untrustworthy and corrupt.
  DOUBLE PAGE SPREAD:
• religions of the word shame connoted borris Johnson’s wrong doings.
• image of borris Johnson drinking champagne which is juxtaposed with the image of doctors with there PPE on masks and gloves which makes it feel like people are working very hard to save life’s and borris Johnson is kind of the one causing this.
• represents him as being lazy and enjoying luxuries rather than saving lives.
• article is written by kier starter who is the leader of the Labour Party which highlights why the paper is very anti borris Johnson and anti conservative.
• Keir starker uses inclusive language like ‘our’ and ‘dear mirror readers’ which makes audience feel like they are part of a team. Also represents Keir starker as being a man of the people.
• ‘compare Hannah’s quiet dignity with his lying bombast’ which represents Hannah as heroic and borris as a villain.
• intertextual reference that suggests the conservitive party played an abba song ‘ the winner takes it all’ at one of there parties which represents the Conservative Party as confident and cocky as if they are winners in life and this idea of them taking it all from the public which reflects this idea that working class beliefs that struggles are due to the upper class e.g the government;.
• right hand side there’s a series of small extracts from members of the public giving their opinions of borris Johnson which all represent borris in a bad light and connote that the British nation as a whole is against him. Majority are from people from working class backgrounds which appeal to readers of the daily mirror.
• represents nhs workers in a heroic fashion.. caption says they are treating a Covid victim in critical care which makes them seem like they are doing a very difficult and important job.
• left hand side there’s they talk about the vaccine roll out in britian and how care workers have struggles. Very victimised light.
• stain on our great nation which makes borris Johnson and the Conservative Party seem dirty.
• comic at the bottom represents what borris Johnson has done to be so bad that not even putin wants to be seen with him.

Question 18

The time- industry and audience

Answer 18

• publishes by a company called times newspaper which is wonder by news uk.
• newsuk is owned by newscorp a giant conglomerate.
• the times is published by a vertically and horizontally integrated, diversified cionglomerate which gives it enormous power and resources.
• can afford to take risks.
• A global conglomerate can help a paper to be distributed across the world.
• a global conglomerate ownership has a lot of power and so can potentially bend rules that other companies can’t.
• some people argued that newscorp escaped convictions door the phone hacking scandal because they had such as huge amount of powers and global connections.
• Rupert murdoch is the ceo of newscorp.
  -Rupert Murdock is a gold billionaire who is conservative.
  -He is a Republican Party donor so he donated money to trump which suggests he is right wing
• newscorp say they are ‘ neutral’ and embrace all political views.
• owned by shareholders and stockholders which means its important to protect the reputation of the newspaper.
• newscorp involvement with the phone hacking scandal caused a huge amount of bad publicity for the company.
• regulated by ipso
• ipso governs language and ethics
  -people argue that ipso has major flaws and doesn’t follow the recommendations of the lesson enquiry.
• suggests newspapers do the bare minimum to set out regulatory bodies
• technology has made it harder to regulate newspapers.
• circulation isnt declining like the daily mirror as the times audience is older and more middle-upper class with a higher education therefore are less likely to use digital newspapers and stick to the physical copies.
• the times have a paywall on their website meaning they have to pay to access their content.
• times having readers with a higher reading age.
• content is much more complex with little photos and lots of writing.
• target audience is conservative.
• the paywall offers a free trail to encourage them to sign up.
• based on the categories you tick your interested in when signing up, you recieve emails telling g you about some articles you may like.
• offers a variety of competition that apply to its target audience with prizes such as tickets to the royal Shakespeare company, wine tasting events and events to listen to priministers speaking in public.
• left wing oppositional
• younger may be oppositional
• younger may take oppositional to physical rather the online version

Question 19

Daily mirror - industry and audience

Answer 19

• owned by reach plc.
• reach plc publish a variety of newspapers
• Reach plc is horizontall integrates as it buys out other competing companies.
• horizontal integration means they can share journalists and resources between their different titles reducing overall costs.
• circulation has been rapidly declining for a number of years due to its target audience going online and being free therefor its physical print has been declining but readership of its online website is one if the largest in the country. N.
• offer premium rate phone lines, advertisement and betting and gambling results as another source of revenue along with a betting website, a dating website etc
• advertising is often tailored towards the audience
• target audience is working class, males, c2de socioeconomic background, left wing political views, over 35.
• ability to win he lottery or expensive holidays engages the lower class demographics.
• daily mirror readers tend to have a lower reading age therefore target their viewers with more soft news, celebrities, sports etc.
• large pictures, smaller amounts of writing to focus on this softer news.
• articles about poverty and benefits as they know many of their readers come from lower income backgrounds.
• offers social interaction by a phone number and chat rooms.
• run competitions for audiences to interact .
• left win g dominant hegemonic
• younger may be oppositional