Flashcards in Comp Sci Ch. 1 Notes Deck (80)
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Who was the first programmer?
Ada Lovelace
1
What was the first computer?
Eniac
2
Why was the eniac built?
To help the allies in WWII
3
Had the eniac been out off, what would happen to modern computers?
We wouldn't have them
4
Analog is ____
Digital is ____
Continuous, finite
5
What does a pit represent on a cd?
A 1
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What does the smooth area of a cd represent?
A 0
7
How does RGB make colors?
It has 1-255 numbers for each shade of a color
8
Why do we use binary?
It is cheap and reliable
9
What doubles with every new bit?
The total possible
Combinations
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What increases with the usage of more bits?
The accuracy of the end product
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What matches in ASCII?
Letters and symbols to numbers
12
What is the advantage of Unicode?
It has more characters and bits than ASCII, allowing Chinese writing
13
What is an input
Device?
Keyboard, mouse
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What is an output device?
A monitor
15
What is a communication device?
A router or modem
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What does a CPU do?
Fetches, decodes, and executes instructions
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Where does a CPU fetch data from?
The ram
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What are the three parts of a CPU?
The arithmetic/logic unit, control unit, and registers
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What controls the CPU?
The system clock
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What does the system clock do?
Sends electric pulses at regular intervals
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What is the main memory?
Ram
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What is RAM aka?
Direct access memory
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How many bits are in a byte?
8
24
What does defragmentation do?
Moves fragmented files so they are continuous
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What are the direct access portions of computers?
Ram and rom
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Who invented the idea behind the computer?
Babbage
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How does a cd work?
By reflecting a laser off of a disc
28
What is the Nyquist-Shannon theorem?
Sample at a rate twice that of the frequency... 40kHz
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How many bits are in a cd sample?
16
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How many times per second is a higher quality cd sampled?
65,536
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What is moore's law?
We can double the number of transistors on a chip every 2 years
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What is a transistor?
Building block of a computer
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Who was Gordon Moore?
The co founder of intel
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What machines use artificial intellegance?
Watson, deep blue, clever bot, spam filters, google car
35
What is the turning test?
Alan. Tests machines ability to be like a human
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What is the middle man in data transfers?
The modem
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What is a point to point/mesh network?
All computers are connected I each other
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What is a bus connection?
Computers that share a single
Connection line
39
What is a wide area network?
Multiple interconnected LAN's
40
What is ARPA!
Advanced research projects agency
41
How many people are connected to the Internet?
2.2 billion
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What does TCP stand for?
Transmission control protocol
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What does IP stand for?
Internet protocol
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How does TCP help if something gets messed up?
The messed up bits are resent
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What is a problem with UDP?
If somehing is messed up, you're sol
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What is a top level domain?
.com/.org ect
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How many bits are in an IPv4 address?
32
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How many bits are in an IPv6 address?
128
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What is DNS?
Domain name system, translates a URL to an ip address
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What is hypermedia?
Web document links other web documents
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What does URL mean?
Uniform resource locator
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What does HTML stand for?
Hyper text markup language
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What is an advantage to object oriented code?
When a project gets large, it can be broken down into manageable parts
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How is code reused in object oriented code?
You kind of make templates and build off of them
55
What must each class in java contain?
1 or more methods
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What does a method contain?
Program statements, like what is actually being done.
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What does a java app always have?
The main method
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What happens to comments in javadoc?
They are saved to a separate document
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What is white space?
Extra spaces
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What do you need to be careful of with java?
Letter cases
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What is an identifier?
Words a programmer uses in a program
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What levels are there of language levels?
Machine, assembly, high level, fourth generation
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What is specific to each CPU?
It's machine language
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What does assembly level allow for?
Some symbolic programming
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What does high level language require?
A compiler to translate high level to assembly level
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What levels are readable by humans?
High level and 4th
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Where is the fourth level usually used?
Commercial sector
68
What is source code?
The basic code for a computer language
69
Why does java use byte code?
It is not machine specific
70
What is the I remediate step in java code?
Translating to byte code
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What is a syntax rule?
What we do to make sure a program is properly executed
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What is semantics?
Defining what a program statement actually means
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What is a compile time error?
Forgetting a brace or anything that has to do with the code
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What is a run time error?
Something that causes code to crash
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What is a logical error?
We messed up the code but everything runs fine, just giving incorrect output
76
How many bits are in a pixel color?
8
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How many bits are there total in a pixel?
24
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How many shades of a color exist?
255
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