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ANSC 315 Exam 2 > Companion Animal Nutrition > Flashcards

Companion Animal Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

Cat and dog dietary issues similar to humans

A
  • over nutrition (obesity, diabetes)
  • terminal disease (cancer, ageing, kidney disease)
  • inborn errors of metabolism
  • immune response/acute food reactions (dermatitis, food hypersensitivity)
  • preferences (flavors, odors, textures)
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2
Q

atwater factors NRC for cats and dogs

A 
CHO = 3.5 kcal/g
Protein = 3.5 kcal/g
Fat = 8.5 kcal/g
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3
Q

ME equations Dogs

A

ME (kcal) = 4CP% + 9Fat% + 4NFE%

ME = DE - (1.04 x g protein/100 g feed)

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4
Q

ME equations Cats

A

ME (kcal) = 4CP% + 8.5Fat% + 4NFE%

ME = DE - (.77 x g protein/100 g feed)

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5
Q

Carbohydrate sources (cats and dogs)

A

corn, rice, wheat, and oats

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6
Q

_______ is not required, but can be beneficial)

A

fiber

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7
Q

insoluble fiber

A
  • increases bulk
  • maintains stool consistency
  • maintains normal intestinal transit time and gastric motility
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8
Q

soluble fiber

A
  • delays gastric emptying

- produces short-chain fatty acids when fermented by colonic bacteria

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9
Q

fat sources

A

tallow
lard
vegetable oils
poultry fat and marine oils

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10
Q

protein sources (animal by products)

A 
meat meal
bone meal
liver and organ meats
fish meal
milk byproducts
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11
Q

protein sources (plants)

A

soybean meal
corn germ meal
corn gluten meal
soy flour

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12
Q

arginine deficiency

A
  • develop hyperammoniemia within hours

- vomiting, muscle spasms, ataxia, sensitivity to touch, coma, and death

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13
Q

Taurine (Cats)

A

important for bile acid conjugation, retinal function, myocardium function, and reproductive performance in queens

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14
Q

Taurine deficiency

A
  • feline central retinal degeneration (photoreceptor cell membrane function impaired)
  • dilated cardiomyopathy
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15
Q

lysine

A
  • usually first limiting amino acid in cereal based diet

- susceptible to processing losses

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16
Q

tryptophan

A
  • cats CANNOT convert tryptophan to niacin
17
Q

Cats cannot synthesize vitamin _____ from ______

A

A

carotenoids

18
Q

The Food Nutrition Interface

A
  • palatability
  • dry, moist, semi-moist, wet
  • texture
  • preservatives, color, other food additives
19
Q

Extrusion (Dry Pet Food)

A
  • gels starch
  • sterilizes
  • texturizes proteins
  • used to make shapes
  • high temperture, short time process
20
Q

Kibbled Dog Foods (Dry Pet Food)

A
  • means baked (ingredients put in a dough)
21
Q

Semi Moist Pet Foods is mixtures of:

A
  • soybean meal, meat byproducts, fresh meat, animal fat, vitamins, minerals
  • humectants
  • sugar or corn syrup
  • acid
22
Q

pros and cons of dry food

A

pros: more convenient; better for teeth; economical
cons: processing losses, unnecessary carbs, dilute with fillers, shelf-life issues

23
Q

pros and cons of wet food

A

pro: flavorful, long storage, less process nutrient loss
con: purchasing water, spoilage of uneaten portion, dentition issues, high protein and fat on DM basis

24
Q

preservatives retard __________ and ___________

A

microbial spoilage

rancidity

25
Q

humectants control __________ and ________ in semi-moist foods

A

moisture migration

spoilage

26
Q

acidifiers change _____, _________, and act as a ________

A

pH
aide intake
preservative

27
Q

The 95% rule

A
  • chicken cat food

- must contain at least 95% chicken by total weight

28
Q

the 25% rule

A
  • chicken entree
  • 25% to 95% chicken
  • combinations (chicken and beef) must contain a total of 25% to 95% of the combined meats
29
Q

the 3% rule

A
  • kitty stew with chicken (with is the important word)

- contain at least 3% chicken

30
Q

factors to consider when evaluating pet feeds

A 
complete and balanced nutrition
palatability
digestibility
ME content
feeding cost
reputation of manufacturer
dental health contribution
taurine content
urine-acidifying ability
31
Q

hip displaysia

A
  • spherical end of the femur is not held deeply and tightly by acetabulum
  • symtoms: abnormal wer on the joint
  • occurs in mid to large breeds (german shepard, labs, golden retrievers, rotts)
32
Q

chocolate poisoning

A
  • chocolate contains theobromine, methylxanthines, and vasodialator
  • it slows the metabolism
33
Q

FUS treatment

A
  • acidify the urine to 6.2-6.6
  • high meat diets
  • low base excess or DCAD diets

ANSC 315 Exam 2 (7 decks)

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