Complement

Question 1

What are the two antibodies that are most potent in activation of complement system?

Answer 1

IgM, IgG

Question 2

Components of complement are synthesized in the liver. They reside in all tissue fluid except?

Answer 2

CSF( cerebral spinal fluid)
Urine

Question 3

What are the three methods of activation of the complement system?

Answer 3

Spontaneously
Antigen antibody complex
Bacterial products

Question 4

What are functions of C1 inhibitor, factor I, factor s, factor H, CD59.

Answer 4

Inhibits the complement system

Question 5

How is the classical pathway activated?

Answer 5

Antigen antibody complex

Question 6

Write down The C1 complex of the classical and mannan binding lecting pathway

Answer 6

C1qr2s2

Question 7

C2 is broken down to C2a and C2b. Which of the two is used in the complex reaction?

Answer 7

C2a

Question 8

Write down the components of C3 convertase of the classical pathway.

Answer 8

C4b2a

Question 9

Function of C3 convertase?

Answer 9

Breaks down C3 into C3a and C3b

Question 10

Write down the components of C5 convertase of the classical pathway.

Answer 10

C4b2a3b

Question 11

Function of C5 convertase?

Answer 11

Breaks C5 to C5a and C5b

Question 12

Components of the membrane attack complex

Answer 12

C5b678 and poly 9

Question 13

Which complement pathway is activated spontaneously?

Answer 13

Alternative pathway

Question 14

Which complement components are bypassed in the alternative pathway?

Answer 14

C1, C4 and C2

Question 15

Which component of the alternative pathway breaks down spontaneously?

Answer 15

C3 to C3a and C3b

Question 16

Which factor breaks down factor B?

Answer 16

Factor D

Question 17

Write down C 3 convertase of the alternative pathway

Answer 17

C3bBb

Question 18

What is properdin? When is it formed?

Answer 18

A component that stabilizes the C3 convertase.
It’s formed during the formation of C3 convertase

Question 19

What does the C3 convertase do in the alternative pathway?

Answer 19

Breaks down C3 into C3a and C3b

Question 20

Write down C5 convertase of the alternative pathway?

Answer 20

C3bBb3b

Question 21

Is the properdin system involved in the classical pathway? T or F

Answer 21

F

Question 22

Which component of complement produces a kinin?
Function of a kinin?

Answer 22

Cleavage of C2a
Function: increase vascular permeability

Question 23

Most important function of MAC(membrane attack complex)?

Answer 23

Protects against Neisseria

Question 24

What are chemotactics?give examples.

Answer 24

Complement components that attract neutrophils and macrophages
Examples: C5a and C3a

Question 25

Examples of anaphylaxins?

Answer 25

C3a C5a C4a. They cause degranulation of mast cells to produce inflammatory substances(eg histamin)

Question 26

What initiates the formation of MAC

Answer 26

C5b by binding C6

Question 27

What binds Fc portion of the antibodies igM and IgG

Answer 27

C1q

Question 28

What is the the order of complement participation.

Answer 28

C4b c2a C3b C5b C6 C7 C8 C9

Question 29

Kidneys transplanted from pigs to primates dies within minutes. Which complement pathway mediates this?

Answer 29

Alternative pathway

Question 30

Which surface is spontaneous activation of C3 promoted?

Answer 30

Pig cells

Question 31

List initiators of alternative pathways both pathogens and nonpathogens

Answer 31

Pathogens Fungal and yeast cell.walls Viruses and virus infected cells Tumour cells. eg Raji Parasites(trypanosomes) Nonpathogens Pure carbohydrates Coverage venom factor Human igG. IgA. IgE. Rabbit and guine pig igG

Question 32

Which pathway deals with non-specific innate immunity?

Answer 32

Alternative pathway

Question 33

Which pathway deals with specific acquired immunity?

Answer 33

Classical pathway

Question 34

Which pathways I similar to classical pathway?

Answer 34

Lectin pathway

Question 35

Which complement components do complement receptors bind.

Answer 35

MBL, C1, and activated C4 and C3

Question 36

Which receptor induces degradation of mast cells and basophils

Answer 36

C4a, C3a, C5a receptor

Question 37

Which receptor blocks formation of C3 convertase aasnd binds immune complex to cells

Answer 37

CR1 Major lingand-C3b, C4b

Question 38

Which receptor binds Epstein-barr virus

Answer 38

CR2

Question 39

What does cleavage of C3dg by serum proteases generate

Answer 39

C3d and C3g

Question 40

What activates the final part of the cascade of complement componentd

Answer 40

C3

Question 41

What do the following deficiencies lead to 1. C2 and C4 2. C3 and factor D 3. Deficiency of C5-C9 4. Deficiency of regulatory proteins

Answer 41

Lupus erythematosus Pyogenic bacterial infection Neisseria Cell lysis and inflammations

Question 42

What executes cytolysis

Answer 42

MAC

Question 43

Opsonization Anaphylaxon Activate phagocytosis and neutrophils

Answer 43

1. C3b 2. C3a,4a,5a 3. C5a

Question 44

Recognition unit of classical

Answer 44

C1q

Question 45

Ab independent pathways

Answer 45

Alternative Lectin

Question 46

All three pathway converge at point of

Answer 46

Cleavage of C3

Question 47

Ions needed for complement cascade

Answer 47

Can, mg

Question 48

Which part of immunoglobulin structure is involved in activation of complement via classical

Answer 48

Fc region

Question 49

What facilitates the binding of immune complex to several surfaces (erythrocytes) and enhance removal of liver and spleen?

Answer 49

C3b

Question 50

What is C3 deficiency associated with?

Answer 50

Immon-complex disease and susceptibility to recurrent infections

Question 51

Patients who produce less antibody and are more susceptible to pyogenic infection, are deficient in what?

Answer 51

C3b