Complications During Pregnancy

Question 1

Low-Risk Mom

Answer 1

Over 17, Under 34
No illnesses
Well nourished
Normal weight

Question 2

High-Risk Mom

Answer 2

Under 17, over 34
History of illnesses
Over/under weight

Question 3

Placenta previa

Answer 3

A condition where the embryo implants and the placenta develops too close to cervix. May cause placental bleeding/spotting.

Question 4

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 4

The embryo implants in location other than uterus, typically the fallopian tubes.

Question 5

Placental abruption

Answer 5

Separation of placenta from uterus before birth (highly dangerous to fetus). May cause placental bleeding/spotting.

Question 6

Miscarriage

Answer 6

Spontaneous abortion.

Question 7

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Answer 7

Caused by incompatible blood types of mother and fetus (mom is Rh - , fetus is Rh +)

Question 8

Hypermesis Gravidarum

Answer 8

Severe and persistent vomiting

Question 9

Gestational Diabetes

Answer 9

Insulin resistance caused by placental hormones and metabolic changes in pregnancy.

Question 10

Preclampsia

Answer 10

Pregnancy induced hypertension resulting in protein in the urine and edema. May develop into eclampsia.

Question 11

Preterm Labor & Delivery

Answer 11

Labor and/or delivery before 37 weeks.

Question 12

Streptococcus Infection

Answer 12

Cause by the Group B streptococci bacteria, a common infection.

Question 13

Postpartum Depression

Answer 13

Depression that occurs after birth of a child due to fluctuations of hormones (1 in 7 mothers).

Question 14

Diagnostic Ultrasound

Answer 14

Sound waves that bounce off tissues of varying densities to produce an image.

Question 15

Amniocentesis

Answer 15

Sampling of amniotic fluid with an ultrasound guided needle between week 14 and 16.

Question 16

Chorionic Villi Sampling

Answer 16

Sampling of chorionic villi with an ultrasound guided catheter between weeks 8 and 10.

Question 17

Fetoscopy

Answer 17

Directly viewing fetus using fiber optics.

Question 18

Contraction Stress Test

Answer 18

Simulation of contractions with oxytocin to observe the fetal response (heart rate).

Question 19

Fetal Nonstress Test

Answer 19

External monitoring of fetal heart rate in response to mom consuming a sweet drink.

Question 20

Lithotomy position

Answer 20

“Feet in stirrups” position that allows easy vaginal access. Requires mom to work against gravity.

Question 21

Induction of Labor

Answer 21

Involves methods that bring on labor such as rupturing fetal membranes, application of prostaglandins to “ripen” and administration of pitocin to induce contractions.

Question 22

Fetal Heart Monitoring

Answer 22

Monitoring of fetal heart rate during labor to detect distress that could result in asphyxiation.

Question 23

Paracervical blocks

Answer 23

Anesthetize the cervix.

Question 24

Pudendal blocks

Answer 24

Anesthetize the perineum, vulva, and vagina.

Question 25

Spinal blocks

Answer 25

Anesthetize regions below point of injection.

Question 26

Systemic Analgesics

Answer 26

Tranquilizers, sedatives, narcotics, and barbiturates that reduce anxiety but not pain.

Question 27

Relief without Medication

Answer 27

Techniques that prep mom for childbirth such as lamaze, acupuncture, hypnosis, doula, birthing partner.

Question 28

Episiotomy

Answer 28

Surgical cut to enlarge vaginal opening.

Question 29

Assisted vaginal births

Answer 29

Involves use of force puts of vacuum extraction to pull baby's head while mother pushes.

Question 30

Cesarean Section

Answer 30

Surgical removal of the fetus through mom's abdomen.