complications of fractures Flashcards
(24 cards)
early fracture complications
compartment syndrome vascular damage neurological injury respiratory distress syndrome!! malunion
what is compartment syndrome
elevation of intracompartmental presusre above perfusion pressure leading to muscle necrosis and severe contracture
symptoms of compartment syndrome
severe pain
signs of compartment syndrome
pain with passive muscle stretch
paresthesias , pulselessness are late signs
vascular damage to a limb
is a surgical emergency
which nerve is at risk of a humeral fracture
radial nerve
define malunion
reduction is not complete
lose due to suboptimal follow up
poor patient compliance
ARDS is associated with what type of fractures
long bone fractures
if ARDS is associated with cerebral dysfunction then you think this is likely a
fat embolism
how do you treat ARDS
resp support
how do you reduce the incidence of ARDS
FIX femur fractures EARLY
fractures should heal within
2 months
nonunion is common with which injuries
scaphoid
femoral neck
how do you treat non-union
bone graft and internal fixation
what are 2 causes of stiffness after a fracture
- prolonged immobilization
- inadequate rehab
most common reason for an infection is
an open fracture
open reduction
how do you treat an infection - osteomyelitis
- drain purulent collection
- debride dead bone
- antibiotics
compressive neuropathy is related to
edema
pressure
common nerves affected in compressive neuropathy include
median nerve
ulnar
common peroneal
common tendon that ruptures is
extensor pollicus longus with distal radial fractures
Late complications of fractures
- avascular necrosis
- post-traumatic degenerative arthritis
avascular necrosis common in which type of fractures
femoral neck
scaphoid
post-traumatic degenerative arthritis most commonly associated with
intra-articular displaced fractures
symptoms of degenerative arthritis
pain
stiffness
