Components Flashcards
(13 cards)
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The “brain” of the computer that processes instructions and performs calculations. It handles tasks from running programs to executing basic system functions.
Motherboard
The main circuit board that connects all components of the computer, including the CPU, RAM, and storage. It allows communication between parts.
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Short-term memory that stores data for running programs. It’s fast but temporary—data is lost when the computer is turned off.
Storage (HDD/SSD)
Long-term memory where data, files, and programs are stored.
• HDD: Slower but cheaper, uses spinning disks.
• SSD: Faster and more durable, uses flash memory.
Power Supply Unit PSU
Converts electricity from your wall outlet into power usable by the computer’s components. Supplies energy to all parts.
Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
Handles image rendering and video processing. Essential for gaming, video editing, and graphical tasks. Can be integrated or standalone.
Cooling System
Keeps the computer from overheating. Includes fans, heat sinks, or liquid cooling systems that regulate temperature.
. Input Devices
Hardware used to input data into the computer, such as a keyboard, mouse, or touchscreen.
Output Devices
Hardware that displays or outputs data from the computer, like monitors, printers, or speakers.
Network Interface Card (
Allows the computer to connect to the internet or local network. Can be wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi).
Case ( Chassis)
The protective enclosure that houses all the computer components. Often includes space for airflow and cable management.
BIOS/UEFI (Firmware)
BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) and UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface)
Software on the motherboard that starts the computer and loads the operating system.
Operating System
The software that manages hardware and software resources, providing a user interface. Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux.
