components of fitness measured

Question 1

muscular endurance 
(abdominals)

one minute sit up test

Answer 1

1) perform warm up then lie on the mats with knees touching and place your feet flat
2) fold your arms across your body
3) use assistant to time the one minute
4) do a full sit up to 90 degrees then back down

advantages:
it is quick and easy to carry out
no specialist equipment needed

disadvantages:
not suitable for everyone
human error is counting sit ups

reliability:
could be influenced by type of warm up carried out beforehand.if some warm up is not carried out.

validity:
only measure muscular endurance in abdominal and not muscular endurance in other body parts.

Question 2

muscular endurance
(upper body)

one minute press-up test

Answer 2

1) perform a warm up and take full press u position.your arms should be fully ascended.
2) use an assistant to time one minute and complete as many as possible
3) a full sit up is where elbows is bent at 90 degrees

advantages
quick and easy to carry out.
no specialist equipment needed

disadvantage
there is human error counting press ups

validity
it only measures muscular endurance in upper body and not muscular endurance in other body parts

some types of press ups must be completed

reliability
could be influenced by the type of warm up carried out before hand.if some up is not carried out.

Question 3

flexibility

sit and reach test

Answer 3

you use a sit and reach box.

1) perform a short warm up
2) sit with your heels flat against a box
3) reach out and try to touch the box.

advantage
it is quick and easy to carry out

disadvantage
there is variation in the individual trunk and arm length
not relevant for testing flexibility in other parts

validity
only measure flexibility of lower bound and hamstring although it is a valid measure of flexibility of these areas.

reliability
not carried out by the type of warm up carried out before hand,if some warm up is not carried out

Question 4

dynamometer hand grip

muscular strength

Answer 4

1) adjust the hand grip so it is comfortable
2) stand with your arms on the side of your body
3) hold the diameter parallel to the side of your body with the dial facing forwards upwards
4) squeeze as hard as hard as possible for 5 seconds
5) perform the test 3 times

advantage
easy to carry out and can be done any where
doesn’t need a lot of equipment

disadvantage
needs specialist equipment
can only test one person at a time

validity
dynamiter needs to be calibrated to gain consistent results.technique used to perform tests need to be the same.

reliability
only tests strength in forearm muscles and does not include strength of our other muscles.

Question 5

multi stage fitness test
(bleep test)

aerobic respiration

Answer 5

1) perform a short warm up
2) line up at the start line and wait for the beep
3) you must reach the line before the next beep
4) carry this on till you can no longer carry on.
5) as the beeps get closer the pace will gradually increase
6) only go until you have missed three beeps or physically exhausted

advantages
can be carried out easily
lots of participants and can be tested at one time

disadvantages
can be boring
participants may not push themselves until they are physically exhausted

validity
the distance must be accurate and carried out under the same conditions

reliability
high correlation to vo2 max score from normative data.

Question 6

35 m sprint test

speed

Answer 6

1) perform a short warm up.line up on the start line
2) get 3 assistants to each record the time as soon as you begin the time will start and you have to try to sprint as fast as you can when you cross the line the time is stopped
3) record the time of three times closest to the tenth of a second

advantages
simple and easy to carry out
large number of participants can perform the test

disadvantages
needs assistance to help the test
not suitable for older athletes

validity
can be human error when timing 35m. fatigue can impact the results.