Components- Week 2- Part 2 Vocab

Question 1

Instruction set

add/subtract/copying data…

Answer 1

A list of instructions that our CPU is able to run.

Instruction sets are Hardcoded into our CPU.
Functions like adding, subtracting, copying data are all instructions that our CPU can carry out

Question 2

Popular CPU manufacturers or chipsets

Answer 2

Intel, AMD and Qualcomm

Question 3

Chipset:

guided conversation

Answer 3

It decides how components talk to each other on our machine.

Question 4

When you select your CPU, make sure its compatible with your…

Answer 4

motherboard

Question 5

Popular CPU sockets

Answer 5

Land Grid Array (LPG) and Grid Array (PGA). LGA- pins stick out, size varies.

Question 6

Land Grid Array (LGA)

Answer 6

It is a type of CPU socket that stick out of the motherboard.

Question 7

Pin Grid Array (PGA)

Answer 7

CPU socket where the pins are located on the processor itself.

Question 8

Make sure CPU and ______ are compatible

Answer 8

socket.

Question 9

CPU’s that have 32 bit or 64-bit architecture are just specifying

Answer 9

how much data it can efficiently handle.

Question 10

Data stored in RAM is almost always…

Answer 10

volatile, once we power off our machines, the data stored is cleared.

Question 11

When you see a new phone or laptop that says it has 16 gigs of RAM,
that means…

Answer 11

it can run up to 16 gigs of programs, meaning you can run lots of
programs at the same time, when you type the document, you’re using RAM.

Question 12

To run program we need to make a copy of it in

Answer 12

RAM so our CPU can process it.

Question 13

When you type in a document you are using

Answer 13

RAM.
EX: losing power and all work is lost. Anything with RAM. Because RAM clears data when powered off.

Question 14

Types of RAM

Answer 14

DRAM- dynamic random- access memory

Question 15

SDRAM

Answer 15

SDRAM which stands for Synchronous DRAM.

Question 16

DRAM

Answer 16

Dynamic Random Access Memory.

Where a 1 or 0 is sent to DRAM, it stores each bit in a microscopic capacitor, this is either the charge or discharge represented by 1 or 0. These semiconductors are put into chips that are on the RAM and store our data.

Question 17

SDRAM

Answer 17

It stands for Synchronous DRAM, this type of RAM is synchronized to our systems’ clock speed allowing quicker processing of data

Question 18

DIMM

Answer 18

Dual Inline Memory Module.

Different types of memory sticks that DRAM chips can be put on. The more modern DIMM sticks have different sizes of pins on them.

Question 19

DDR is faster…

Answer 19

DDR is faster, takes up less power, and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions.

The latest version, DDR4, is the fastest type of short-term memory currently available for your computer. And faster RAM means that programs can be run

Question 20

DDR SDRAM (Double Data Rate SDRAM

Answer 20

A type of RAM that is faster, takes up less power, and has a larger capacity than earlier SDRAM versions

Question 21

The chipset on motherboards is made up of two chips.

Answer 21

Northbridge and Southbridge.

Question 22

Southbridge

Answer 22

It maintains our IO or input/output controllers, like hard drives and USB devices that input and output data

Question 23

Northbridge

Answer 23

interconnects stuff like RAM and video cards.

In some modern CPUs, the Northbridge has been directly integrated into the CPU so there isn’t a separate Northbridge chipset.

Question 24

Peripherals

Answer 24

the external devices which we connect to our computer that add functionality, like: a mouse, a keyboard, and a monitor.

is basically anything that you connect to your computer externally that adds functionality.

Question 25

A chipset is a key component of our motherboard that allows us to manage data between...

Answer 25

data between our CPU, RAM, and peripherals

Question 26

PCI Express

Answer 26

Peripheral Component Interconnect Express The standard for an expansion slot today is the PCI Express or Peripheral Component Interconnect Express. A PCIe bus looks like a slot on the motherboard and a PCIe base expansion card looks like a smaller circuit board

Question 27

Form factor

Answer 27

A mathematical way to compensate for irregularities in the shape of an object by using a ratio between its volume and height. There are different size of motherboards that are available today. These sizes of form factors determine the amount of stuff we can put in it and the amount of space we'll have.

Question 28

ATX (Advanced Technology eXtended)

Answer 28

The most common form factor for motherboards. ATX comes in different sizes too. In desktops, you'll commonly see full sized ATX's

Question 29

ITX (Information Technology eXtended)

Answer 29

A form factor for motherboards that is much smaller than ATX boards. For example: the Intel NUC uses a variation of the ITX board which comes in three board sizes; mini-ITX, nano-ITX, and pico-ITX.

Question 30

Data sizes

Answer 30

Metrics that refer to data sizes including bit, byte, kilobyte, kibibyte, and megabyte

Question 31

How much does 500 gigabytes even mean?

Answer 31

Let's take a look at the size of an average music file, which is about three megabytes. On a 500 gigabyte machine, that's approximately 165,000 music files. That's a lot of music.

Question 32

HDD (Hard disk drive)

Answer 32

Hard disk drives, or HDDs, use a spinning platter and a mechanical arm to read and write information. HDDs are prone to a lot more damage because there are a lot of moving parts.

Question 33

RPM

Answer 33

Revolutions per minute. A hard drive with a higher RPM is faster, so if you go out and buy a hard drive today, you might see something like a 500 gigabyte with 5400 RPM.

Question 34

SSD

Answer 34

Solid State Drive. SSDs have no moving parts. SSDs are less risky when it comes to losing data, but they're also more expensive. SSDs are created in a similar way. The information is stored on microchips and data travels a lot faster than HDDs. The form factor for SSDs is also slimmer compared to their HDD cousins.

Question 35

ATA

Answer 35

he most common interface that hard drives use to connect to our system

Question 36

SATA

Answer 36

The most popular serial ATA drive, which uses one cable for data transfers. But people quickly found that using a SATA cable wasn't good enough for some of the blazing fast SSDs that were coming on the market.

Question 37

NVMe (NVM Express)

Answer 37

Interface standard which allows greater throughput of data and increased efficiency. Instead of using a cable to connect your drive to your machine, the drive was added as an expansion slot, which allows for greater throughput of data and increased efficiency.

Question 38

DC

Answer 38

or direct current, which flows in one direction

Question 39

AC

Answer 39

or alternating current, which changes directions constantly.

Question 40

Amps

Answer 40

will pull as much electricity needed. We refer to the amount of electricity coming out as current or amperage, and it's measured in amps

Question 41

voltage

Answer 41

will just give you everything

Question 42

Wattage

Answer 42

is the amount of volts and amps that a device needs. If your power supply has too low of a wattage, you won't be able to power your computer, so make sure you have enough.

Question 43

Charge cycle

Answer 43

One full charge and discharge of a battery

Question 44

Mb/s

Answer 44

megabit per second, which is a unit of data transfer rate

Question 45

Type-C connector

Answer 45

A type of USB connector meant to replace many peripheral connections

Question 46

DVI:

Answer 46

DVI cables generally just output video

Question 47

HDMI

Answer 47

A type of cable that outputs both video and audio. This has become a standard in lots of televisions and computers nowadays and outputs both video and audio

Question 48

* USB

Answer 48

Universal Serial Bus): A connection standard for connecting peripherals to devices such as computers

Question 49

* USB 2.0 * USB 3.0 * USB 3.1

Answer 49

* USB 2.0: Black port on the computer, 480 MBps transfer speed * USB 3.0: Blue port on computer, 5 Gbps transfer speed * USB 3.1: Teal port on the computer, 10 Gbps transfer speed

Question 50

Micro USB:

Answer 50

One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices. is a small USB port found on many non-Apple cellphones, tablets, and other portable devices.

Question 51

USB-C adapter

Answer 51

One of the standard power, data and display connector types used in mobile devices

Question 52

* USB4

Answer 52

uses Thunderbolt 3 protocol and USB-C cables to transfer data at speeds of 40 Gbps and provide power as well

Question 53

* Lightning Port

Answer 53

is a connector exclusive to Apple that is similar to USB-C. It is used for charging and connecting devices to computers, external monitors, cameras and other peripherals.