compression Flashcards
what is limb compression
mechanical agent that inc pressure on limbs - compression-decompression cycle
what are the therapeutic goals of limb compression
improve arterial, venous and lymphatic circulation
exp laplace’s law
inc in pressure = pumping effect
tension = pressure x radius of chamber and is inversely prop to thickness of wall
what are the forms in which compression is applied
stockings, bandages and pneumatic compression
discuss the concept of pneumatic compression
sleeve over limb where air inflates chambers = compression
compare SPC to IPC
SPC - constant pressure; deprives BF to tissues since artery is compresses
IPC - intermittent; on off time or inflates and deflates; pumping effect = venous and lymph circulation
discuss how IPC improves fluid balance and circulation
compressive force facilitates venous BF back to heart and lympahtic drainage to central areas = controls peripheral edema
discuss how IPC prevents DVT
if immob - it can provide adequate BF to prevent accumulation of blood components
BUT DONT USE IF MAY DVT NA
discuss how IPC heal venous ulcers
can heal grade 1 only - since better BF - better healing
relate hydrostatic pressure in interstitial space and extravascular pressure
when hydrostatic psi inc in interstitial space = inc extravascular psi = edema
kaya compression can push back fluid in interstitial space back to BV or lymph veins
when do we use static compression
when there is severe edema = since makapal na talaga need ng static to get through; di na ma ccompress arteries since anlaki tlaga ng edema
discuss how SPC limit size and shape of tissue
compression limits shape and size of edema if static
limiting size and shape of limb from static compression can be used on
residual limb post-amputation
superificial burns
severe edematous limbs
discuss how IPC inc tissue temp
not rlly inc but more of insulator preventing release of heat
or depends on air being pumped if hot or cold
how does IPC control scar formation
if heated air is used it can control scar formation - breaks down the collagen
indications of compression
edema
lymphedema
prevention of DVT
venous stasis ulcers
residual limb shaping after amputation
control of hypertrophic scarring
how does edema usually occur
either inc vascular hydrostatic or osmotic psi
venous or lymphatic insuff or obstruction
inc capillary permeability
inc plasma volume d/t NA and H2O retention
acute inflammation
airline travel
pregnancy
other medical conditions
differentiate pitting vs non-pitting dema
pitting - better and more effective to treat with IPC; indentation appears when pressed
non-pitting - indentation does not form since more proteins assoc with formation of fluid; harder to drain
how does edema occur d/t vascular hydrostatic or osmotic psi
either inc vascular hydrostatic or osmotic psi
high vascular hydrostatic psi = ppunta sa interstitial spaces
more proteins outside the BV = inc osmotic pressure that attracts fluid
how does edema usually occur d/t venous or lymphatic insuff or obstruction
insuff or blocked vessels = fluid does not flow back properly = accumulation or edema
how does edema usually occur d/t inc capillary permeability
easier for fluid to go outside
how does edema usually occur d/t increased plasma volume due to Na+ and H2O retention
inc plasma = inc hydrostatic psi in veins = fluid goes to interstitial space
how does edema usually occur d/t acute inflammation
could also result to edema
how does edema usually occur d/t airline travel
prolonged seating in long flights and reduced air psi - may cause DVT or reason why more fluid goes outside
