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PTA Tech II > compression > Flashcards

compression Flashcards

1
Q

The application of a mechanical force that increases external pressure on a body part to reduce swelling, improve circulation, or modify scar tissue formation

A

compression

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2
Q

Blood clot in a deep vein

A

DVT deep venous thrombosis

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3
Q

swelling caused by increased fluid in the interstitial spaces of the body

A

Edema

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4
Q

Pressure exerted by a fluid, for example, in the blood vessels, it is determined by the force oth the heart and gravity and contributes to movement of fluid into or out of blood vessels and lymphatics

A

Hydrostatic pressure

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5
Q

Excessive scarring with a raised and ridged appearance that does not extend beyond the boundaries of the original site of skin injury. This type of scar has poor flexibility and can result in contractors and poor cosmesis

A

Hypertrophic scarring

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6
Q

Pressure that is alternatley applied and released and usually applied by a pneumatic compression pump

A

intermittent compression

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7
Q

Excessive scarring that extends beyond the boundaries of the original site of skin injury

A

Keloid

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8
Q

An elastic bandage that can extend by 100% to 200% and provides high resting pressure; also called a high-stretched bandage

A

Long-stretch bandage

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9
Q

fluid rich in protein, water, and macrophages that is removed from the interstitial space by the lymphatic system and returned to the venous system; also called lymph

A

Lymphatic fluid

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10
Q

A system of vessels and nodes designed to carry excess fluid from the interstitial space to the venous system and to filer the fluid, removing bacteria and other foreign particles

A

Lymphatic system

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11
Q

swelling caused by excess lymphatic fluid in the interstitial space.

A

lymphedema

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12
Q

Pressure determined by the concentration of proteins inside and outside blood vessels that contributes to movement of fluid into or out of blood vessels and lymphatics; also known as oncotic pressure when the term is applied to blood

A

Osmotic pressure

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13
Q

Inflammation of the veins; the most common cause of venous insufficiency

A

Phlebitis

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14
Q

pressure exerted by elastic when put on stretch

A

Resting pressure

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15
Q

A bandage with low elasticity and 30% to 90% extension that provides a low resting pressure but a high working pressure during muscle activity; also called a low-stretch bandage

A

Short-stretch bandage

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16
Q

steady application of pressure

A

static compression

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17
Q

a semirigid bandage made of zinc oxide-impreganted gauze that is applied to the lower extremity to exert pressure

A

Unna’s boot

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18
Q

decreased ability of the veins to return blood to the heart

A

Venous insufficiency

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19
Q

An area of tissue breakdown and necrosis that occurs as a result of impaired venous return

A

veonus stasis ulcer

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20
Q

pressure produced by active muscles pushing against an inelastic bandage

A

working pressure

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21
Q

knee-high or thigh-high stockings that provide low compression force to prevent DVT formation

A

Antiembolism stockings

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22
Q

-Identify effects of compression on pain relief and functional activities (#5) -Demonstrate proper application of compression (#6) Lab -Identify indications and contraindications for compression (#7) -Explain the physiologic effects of compression (#8) -Document use and response to compression based on patient case scenarios (#9) Blackboard -Recognize possible adverse reactions to compression treatment interventions (#10)

A

objective

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23
Q

-Demonstrate patient positioning and draping to assure privacy, safety and comfort (#12) Lab -Identify and list potential cultural differences during application of compression (#15) Recognize absent or altered sensation (#18) Lab -Explain elements of education with patients, caregivers, and family to achieve patient outcomes based on an established plan of care (POC) (#20) -Demonstrate safe handling, cleaning, storage and maintenance of therapy equipment (#21)

A

more objectives

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24
Q

-Control of peripheral edema -Prevent formation of DVT -For residual limb shaping after amputation -To facilitate healing of venous ulcers -Control of hypertrophic scarring

A

Clinical indications for compression

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25
Q

when would you use Static compression?

A

Edema control Shape of limb Control scar

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26
Q

when would you use Intermittent compression

A

Prevent or reduce edema

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27
Q

The effects of external compression

A

-Improves venous and lymphatic circulation -Limits the shape and size of tissue -Increases tissue temperature

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28
Q

Application Techniques for compression

A

-Compression garments -Ace bandages -Intermittent pneumatic compression

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29
Q

Compression garments ranges for hypertrophic scar prevention

A

20-30 mmHg

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30
Q

Compression garments ranges to control edema in LEs for most patients

A

30-40 mmHg

31
Q

Blood clot in a deep vein

A

DVT deep venous thrombosis

32
Q

table 11-1 page335

problem- Edema control, DVT prevention, venous statis ulcler

what are the parameters for intermitten compression

A

Inflation /Deflation

80-100/25-35 (3:1)

Inflation pressure mm/Hg

UE- 30-60

LE- 40-80

tx time

2-3 hours

33
Q

table 11-1 page335

problem- residual limb reduction

what are the parameters for intermitten compression

A

Inflation /Deflation

40-60/ 10-15 (4:1)

Inflation pressure mm/Hg

UE- 30-60

LE- 40-80

tx time

2-3 hours

34
Q

What patient assessments should be completed prior to testing?

A

Think about the effects of the treatment
Think about the clinical indications for this type of treatment
How the patient may present?
Think about how to determine if the treatment was effective for the patient

35
Q

contras for compression

A

❤

36
Q

questions for contra

❤ ♓

A

1 Do you have heart or lung probs ?….. are you taking meds
2 Do you have difficulty breathing?
3 Do you have swelling in both legs?

37
Q

contra questions

♎

A

1 Do you have pain in your calves?….. how long have you not been walking?
✔ Homan’s sign (Discomfort on dorsiflex) Sign of thrombosis

38
Q

contra questions

Lym OBSTRUCTED LYMPH OR VENOUS RETURN

A

1 Do you know why you are having swilling in your arms/legs?
2 Is there something obstructing your circulation?

39
Q

conta questions

ART SEVER PERIPHERAL ATERY DISEASE/ ULCERS ARTERIAL INSUFFICIENCY

A

1 Do you get pain in your legs when walking?
2✔ for an ULCER- if present: Have you had problems with your arteries; for example, heart bypass surgery or bypass surgery in your legs?

40
Q

contra questions

S ACUT LOCAL SKIN INFECTION

A

1 Do you have any skin infections in the area to be treated?

41
Q

contra questions

⬇P HYPOPROTEINEMIA/ PROTEIN IS LESS THAN 2GM/dL

A

1 Have you recently lost weight
2 Have you changed your diet?
3 Do you have any other disease?

42
Q

contra question

fx ACUTE TRAUMA OR fx

A

1 When did your injury happen?
2 Do you know if a bone was broken?

43
Q

contra question

art ARTERIAL REVASCULARIZATION

A

1 Have you had surgery on your arteries?

44
Q

PRECAUTIONS FOR COMRESSION

A

IS IMPAIRED SENSATION

IM IMPAIRED MENTATION

HTN HYPERTENSION UNCONTROLLED

C CANCER

CVA STROKE/ CV INSUFFICIENCY

S SUPERFICIAL PERIPHERAL NERVES

45
Q

PRECAUTION QUESTION

IS IMPAIRED SENSATION

A

1 Do you have normal feeling in this area?

DO SENSATION TESTING MAYBE

46
Q

PRECAUTION QUESTIONS

IM IMPAIRED MENTATION

A

1 Are ya wit me? HA HA

47
Q

PRECAUTIONS QUESTIONS

HTN HYPERTENSION UNCONTROLLED

A

1 Do you have high blood pressure?…. is it controlled with meds…did you take them?
ASSESS BP

48
Q

PRECAUTION QUESTION

C CANCER

A

1 DUE TO BREAST CANCER- ASK THE PATIENT IF HE OR SHE IS RECEIVING CHEMO, HORMONE THERAPY, OR BIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MODIFIERS
ASSESS- DETERMINE HOW RECENT THE CANCER WAS MADE

49
Q

PRECAUTION QUESTION

CVA STROKE/ CV INSUFFICIENCY

A

1: HAVE YOU HAD A STROKE?
2: DO YOU HAVE LAPSES OF CONSCIOUSNESS?

50
Q

PRECAUTION QUESTION

S SUPERFICIAL PERIPHERAL NERVES

A

MONITOR CLOSELY

ASK IF YOU HAVE PAIN, NUMBNESS, OR TINGLING LET ME KNOW?

51
Q

what to remember for compression set up

A

ORGANIZE

  1. Pump
  2. blue inflatable arm or leg
  3. compression sock
  4. cuff
  5. stethoscope
  6. alcohol wipe
  7. pillows for elevation and back
  8. bell
  9. timer

WASH

INTRODUCE

PAIN

FUNCTION

PALPATE - PRESSURE IN SQUARE (pt close eyes)

CONTRAS/PRECAUTION

VITALS

POSITION TREAT

PARAMETERS

           EDEMA, DVT,PREVENTION,VENOUS STASIS UCLER

                     AND RESIDUAL LIM REDUCTION
  1. UE- 30 TO 60
  2. LE- 40 TO 80
         EDEMA, DVT,PREVENTION,VENOUS STASIS UCLER
  3. IN/DE 80-20 OR 25-35 (3:1)
          RESIDUAL LIM REDUCTION
  4. IN/DE 40-60 OR 10-15 (4:1)

2 TO 3 HOURS

VITALS DURING AND AFTER

GO OVER ADVERSE REACTION- If there is more swelling than usually or before and if pain has gotten worse

52
Q

OBJECTIVES FOR COMPRESSION

Identify indications and contraindications for compression (#7)
Explain the physiologic effects of compression (#8)
Document use and response to compression based on patient case scenarios (#9)
Blackboard
Recognize possible adverse reactions to compression treatment interventions (#10)

A

FYI

53
Q

OBJECTIVE

Identify and list potential cultural differences during application of compression (#15)
Recognize absent or altered sensation (#18)
Lab/Classroom
Explain elements of education with patients, caregivers, and family to achieve patient outcomes based on an established plan of care (POC) (#20)
Demonstrate safe handling, cleaning, storage and maintenance of therapy equipment (#21)

A

FYI

54
Q

MORE OBJECTIVES

Demonstrate proper application of compression (#6)
Lab
Demonstrate patient positioning and draping to assure privacy, safety and comfort (#12)
Lab
Demonstrate safe handling, cleaning, storage and maintenance of therapy equipment (#21)

A

FYI

55
Q

Objectives of assignment:

A

Identify the effects of compression (#6)
Identify indications and contraindications for compression (#8)
Explain the physiologic effects of compression (#9)
Recognize possible adverse reactions to compression (#11)
Explain factors related to treatment progression and attainment of goals based on sample POC (#12)
Recognize absent or altered sensation (#19)
Recognize when interventions should not be provided due to changes in patient status and communicate with the PT (#20)
Explain elements of education with patients, caregivers and family to achieve patient outcomes based on an established POC (#21)

56
Q

worksheet

The application of a mechanical force that increases external pressure on a body part to reduce swelling, improve circulation, or modify scar tissue formation. (the primary clinical application is control of peripheral edema caused by vascular or lymphatic dysfunction; also preventing the formation of deep venous thrombosis, for residual limb shaping after amputation or to facilitate the healing of venous ulcers.

A

compression

57
Q

What type of physical agent is compression considered?

A

Compression is a mechanical physical agent

58
Q

worksheet

What is the difference between static and intermittent pneumatic compression?

A

Static exerts a constant force and IPC the force varies over time.

59
Q

ws

Provide an example of static compression.

A

Static compression garments or bandaging

60
Q

ws

What are the therapeutic effects of external compression?

A
  • Improve venous and lymphatic circulation by increasing the hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial space outside the blood and lymphatic vessels.
  • provide a form to limit the shape and size of new tissue formation.
  • increase superficial tissue temp because the device insulates the area to which it is applied.
61
Q

ws

What are the clinical indications for the use of external compression?

A

Edema, prevention of DVT, venous stasis ulcers, residual limb shaping after amputation, and control of hypertrophic scarring

62
Q

ws

Can the therapist applying a pneumatic intermittent compression intervention position the patient in a way that will enhance the benefits of compression? Support your answer.

A
63
Q

fyi

ws

Note: When treating patients with chronic venous insufficiency or lymphatic dysfunction, elevation is not as effective in reducing edema.

A

fyi

64
Q

ws

Identify the contraindications of compression

A
  • Heart failure or pulmonary edema
  • Recent or acute DVT, thrombophlebitis or pulmonary embolism
  • Obstructed lymphatic or venous return
  • Severe peripheral arterial disease or unlcers resulting from arterial insufficiency
  • Acute local skin infection
  • Significant hypoproteinemia (protein levels less than 2 gm/dL)
65
Q

ws

Identify the precautions associated with compression

A
  • Impaired sensation or mentation
  • Uncontrolled hypertension
  • Cancer
  • Stroke or significant cerebrovascular insufficiency
  • superficial peripheral nerves
66
Q

ws

Are there any adverse reactions that are possible with the use of compression?

A

Aggravating the condition causing the edema or impairing circulation if excressive pressure is used.

67
Q

ws

What can be done to minimize the probability of adverse reactions?

A

The pt should always be monitored closely for undesired changes in blood pressure or edema particularly with the first application of the tx or with changes in tx parameters.

68
Q

ws

How much pressure is recommended to control scar tissue formation?

A
69
Q

ws

You, the SPTA, are providing education to a patient regarding pressure garments, such as TED hose. What education is appropriate to provide regarding the time frame in which the garments should be worn each day?

A
70
Q

ws

What information must be documented regarding the application of compression?

A
  • Type of compression device
  • Area of the body being treated
  • Inflation and deflation times
  • Compression or inflation pressues
  • Total tx time
  • Pt’s response to the tx
71
Q

ws

What type of sensation testing is most appropriate to complete prior to the application of intermittent pneumatic compression?

A
72
Q

ws

What other types of patient assessments should be completed prior to the application of compression?

A
73
Q

ws

What type of patient assessments should be completed post treatment?

A

Pain,

blood

pressure

girth

74
Q
A

PTA Tech II (2 decks)

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