Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Knowledge > Computer Science > Flashcards

Computer Science Flashcards

1
Q

singularity

A

when AI surpasses human intelligence and can improve itself without humans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is Moore’s Law true?

A

by it’s technical definition (chip densities are doubling every two years) this is no longer true, as improvements have begun to slow, but we are still making huge improvements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

features

A

values that usually characterise things that are classified by a ML classifier e.g. if you were classifying a bike, features would be two wheels, a seat, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ML classifier

A

an algorithm that classifies - e.g. deciding if something is a bike or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

difference between internet and world wide web (www)

A

internet = giant network that connects all devices
www = part of the internet where you use browsers to look at websites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does watching a YT video on the internet work

A
  • when you click on a video a request is sent to a local server
  • if the server has it, it will give you the video in little chunks
  • if you’re internet is good, and your screen is small, etc. it will give you high quality chunks, if your internet is shit it will give you small chunks so you can continue watching the video without buffering, just at a slightly lower quality
  • if the server doesn’t have your video, it will make requests to other further away and larger servers, eventually requesting it from YT’s main server (popular videos are usually on local servers, the more obscure/new the video, the more likely it’s on a YT’s main server)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

GUI

A

graphical user interface
a visual way for users to interact with computer programs using icons, buttons, windows, and menus (rather than code)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Moore’s Law

A

the number of transistors on a computer chip doubles approximately every two years (so capabilities increase rapidly) while the cost of the chip remains the same or decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

alpha vs beta versions

A

alpha is the initial version, usually v buggy and just used internally
beta is the first version rolled out for testing with users

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

quality assurance (QA)

A

testing for bugs before the software is released to users

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of Boolean gates

A

AND
NAND (not AND)
OR
NOR (not OR)
NOT
EXOR (exclusive OR)
EXNOR (exclusive not OR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

difference between software developer and software engineer

A

developer = code
engineer = code + design, plan, test, deploy and maintain software systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Turing test

A

can a computer pass as a human

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is used these days instead of ascii codes

A

unicode - it has 16 bits, enough to encode every character from every language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

ascii codes

A

code for turning binary code into letters
e.g. “A” = 65, and “a” = 65

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

GB giga bytes is how many bytes

A

1 billion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MB mega byte is how many bytes

A

1 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the most common material used to created semiconductors

A

silicon (hence silicon valley)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is a transistor

A

a switch that can be turned on or off via a control wire
they have two electrodes that are turned on or off via a semiconductor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the transistor was invented in which year

A

1947

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

where does the term ‘computer bug’ come from?

A

One of IBM’s first computers, the Harvard Mark II, had a moth inside it, causing a malfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

abacus

A

oldest computer - an old counting tool with wooden tiles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

SQL DELETE vs DROP

A

Drop lets you delete whole tables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

SQL CRUD functions

A

CREATE, INSERT
SELECT
UPDATE
DELETE, DROP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

CRUD for data

A

create
read
update
delete

26
Q

SQL (pronounced “sequel”) stands for

A

structured query lanuage

27
Q

GUI (pronounced gooey)

A

graphical user interface

28
Q

VS Code

A

visual studio code

a commonly used source code editor

29
Q

source code

A

all code, no matter what language

30
Q

abstraction

A

simplifying a problem into smaller and smaller problems
e.g. adding loops in your code rather than repeating yout code

31
Q

pseudocode

A

human-readable versions of code
e.g.
1 Pick up phone book
2 Open to middle of phone book
3 Look at page
4 If person is on page
5 Call person

32
Q

RAM

A

random access memory - where your files are stored

33
Q

what is a CPU connected to

A

the motherboard

34
Q

core

A

inside a CPU that does all the work e.g. calculation, visualisations, etc.

the more cores, the more your machine can do simultaneously

35
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit
the brain of the computer

36
Q

byte

A

8 bits
e.g. 00001111

37
Q

bit

A

smllest unti of a binary digit e.g. 0 or 1

38
Q

transistors

A

switches that are either on or off i.e. 1 or 0

39
Q

John von Neumann

A

Polymath who contributed to modern computer design, game theory, early computer programming and the Manhattan Project

40
Q

Charles Babbage dates

A

1791 - 1871

41
Q

Who is considered the father of computing?

A

Charles Babbage

42
Q

Who is considered the world’s first programmer?

A

Ada Lovelace

43
Q

Charles Babbage

A

English polymath: mathmatician, philosopher, inventor and engineer

He originated the concept of a digital programmable computer

44
Q

Name the 6 stages of the SDLC

A
  1. planning
  2. analysis
  3. design
  4. coding and implementation
  5. testing
  6. maintenance

stages aren’t concrete and may change depending where you work

45
Q

SDLC

A

Software Development Life Cycle

46
Q

Python key characteristics

A
  • data analysis and visualisation
  • ML and AI
  • back-end web development
  • game development
47
Q

What does a ‘high-level’ programming language mean?

A

It’s easy to learn and read as it reads like English

48
Q

C# key characteristics

A
  • software and programs for Microsoft
  • game development
  • high-level language
49
Q

C++ key characteristics

A
  • desktop applications and software
  • big projects where you want a lot of control
  • low-level language (complex)
50
Q

CSS key characteristics

A
  • website design (make it look pretty)
  • easy to learn
  • markup, not programming language
51
Q

HTML key characteristics

A
  • structure content for websites e.g. menus, sidebars
  • markup language
52
Q

Java key characteristics

A
  • mobile and desktop software across multiple platforms
  • best programme for Android mobile development
  • flexible
53
Q

JavaScript key characteristics

A
  • web development (almost every website uses it)
54
Q

Objective-C key characteristics

A
  • mobile development for Mac and iOS
  • usually paired with Swift for app development
55
Q

PHP key characteristics

A
  • web development (back end)
  • server side
56
Q

Ruby key characteristics

A
  • back-end web development
  • fast
  • popular for small tech companies
57
Q

SQL key characteristics

A
  • data management
  • data analysis
58
Q

RDBMS

A

relational database management systems

59
Q

Swift key characteristics

A
  • mobile app development for Mac and iOS
  • may soon replace Objective-C
60
Q

markup language

A

for structuring and formatting content, not creating algorithms and instructions

no programming logic e.g. can’t code conditional statements, functions or work with data or variables

61
Q
A

General Knowledge (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions