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Core Technologies > Computers in Audio Production > Flashcards

Computers in Audio Production Flashcards

1
Q

Computers typically used to do 3 things

A
  1. Store
  2. Process
  3. Move information
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2
Q

In order for a computer to do its job, information must be translated to ___________

A

Binary system

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3
Q

Binary system

A

1s and 0s; a system based on the concept of ‘this’ or ‘that’

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4
Q

Bits

A

The ‘letters’ of binary system is made up of 1s and 0s

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5
Q

Binary words

A

Bits combined create binary words

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6
Q

With 2 bits, how many words can you make?

A

4 words: 00, 01, 10, 11

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7
Q

Binary protocol

A

Assigning meanings to binary words to represent text, sound, graphics, anything

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8
Q

When you add a bit to a binary word’s length, it ______ the amount of words that are possible

A

Doubles

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9
Q

Longer strings of bits have

A

More specific definitions

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10
Q

In MIDI protocol, 7 bit binary words are used to represent many MIDI commands. How many possibilities are there?

A

128

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11
Q

How do you calculate bits in a binary word?

A

By using exponents. If it’s a 3 bit word, you would take 2 to the 3rd power = 8. If it’s a 7 bit word, you would take 2 to the 7th power = 128

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12
Q

Terms to denote quantities of bits

A 
bit (b)
byte (B)
kilobyte (KB)
megabyte (MB)
gigabyte (GB)
terabyte (TB)
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13
Q

bit (b)

A

A single 0 or 1

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14
Q

byte (B)

A

8 bits

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15
Q

kilobyte (KB)

A

1024 bytes

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16
Q

megabyte (MB)

A

1024 kilobytes

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17
Q

gigabyte (GB)

A

1024 megabytes

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18
Q

terabyte (TB)

A

1024 gigabytes

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19
Q

1 bit is all that is needed to represent ______

A

The position of any switch e.g. on/off

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20
Q

Every letter you type takes how many bytes of memory?

A

1 byte

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21
Q

Example of what would take several bytes

A

One MIDI note message

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22
Q

KB range examples

A

An average length email, MIDI sequences

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23
Q

1 second of CD quality is sound is about how much bytes?

A

86KB

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24
Q

A CD is approximately how much MB?

A

700MB

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25
Q

Floppy disks store how much MB?

A

1.44MB

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26
Q

DVDs store how many GBs minimum to maximum?

A

4.7 - 18GB

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27
Q

Recording industry’s single premise

A

How do we record info onto a storage medium for use at a later time?

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28
Q

Mediums used in audio recording

A

Wire recorders, wax cylinders, vinyl, 8-track, cassette, CDs, DVDs, computer hard drives

29
Q

Active memory

A

Computer chips that directly interact with a computer’s main processor (CPU) i.e. access any piece of info they contain within nanoseconds

30
Q

2 primary types of active memory

A

RAM & ROM

31
Q

RAM

A

Random access memory: changeable - the computer decides what should be kept in RAM based on what info is accessed most often/currently being accessed; volatile/unstable - requires a constant source of electricity to retain information

32
Q

Example of RAM

A

When you type notes into your computer, you are entering it into your computer’s RAM, and are at risk of losing it unless you save - if you turn off your computer (loss of electricity) without saving, poof it’s gone

33
Q

ROM

A

Read only memory: stable & unchangeable - doesn’t require electricity to retain info and you or your computer cannot choose what data goes on ROM

34
Q

ROM chips

A

Come preloaded with info you can use, but cannot change, e.g. game 3ds ROMs that you play/download

35
Q

Keyboard instruments and ROM

A

Many keyboards store audio waveforms on ROM chips which can be used to synthesize sounds

36
Q

Stored memory

A

This tech is used when RAM is too limited, or the power for the device needs to be shut off

37
Q

Calculation to get from Bytes to MB

A

Divide number of Bytes by 1024, then divide that answer by 1024 again. (B > KB > MB)

38
Q

Calculation to get from GB to KB

A

Multiply number of GB by 1024, then multiply that answer by 1024 again. (GB > MG > KB)

39
Q

Calculation to get from MB to bits

A

Divide number of MB by 1024, then divide that answer by 1024 again, then divide that answer by 8. (MB > KB > B > bits)

40
Q

Hard drive memory type

A

Magnetic memory

41
Q

Floppy disk memory type

A

Magnetic memory

42
Q

CD memory type

A

Optical memory

43
Q

DVD memory type

A

Optical memory

44
Q

Blu-ray memory type

A

Optical memory

45
Q

Memory card (SD, microSD, etc.) memory type

A

Electrostatic/flash memory

46
Q

USB memory type

A

Electrostatic/flash memory

47
Q

Solid state drive memory type

A

Electrostatic/flash memory

48
Q

Blu-rays start at how much storage space typically?

A

25GB

49
Q

Active memory talks to what two things?

A

Stored memory and CPU

50
Q

CPU

A

Central processing unit

51
Q

What determines the actual speed of your computer?

A

Amount of CPU

52
Q

Measurement of CPU speed

A

Clockspeed

53
Q

How is Clockspeed measured?

A

In Hz (cycles per second)

54
Q

Media type

A

Refers to physical media - hard drive, CD, USB flash drive

55
Q

Media format

A

Format compatibility regarding different operating systems - Apple: MacOS, Microsoft: Windows

56
Q

Media format dictates

A

How information is organised. All digital media must be formatted because it prepares the media to be read properly by a specific OS

57
Q

OS

A

Operating system

58
Q

File format/type

A

The format of the actual files: .jpg, .mp3, .pdf
While your computer might see these files (media format), if you don’t have the software to open/read these, then the file cannot be opened/is useless

59
Q

File Specific

A

Varies on type of file: backward compatibility issues created by different versions of the same software; quality settings e.g. Apple can only play .wav files if they are at specific sample rates

60
Q

APFS

A

Apple File System

Operates exclusively for Apple

61
Q

HFS+

A

AKA. MacOS Extended
Formatted to Apple
Operates exclusively for Apple

62
Q

NTFS

A

New Tech File System
Microsoft, Windows 64-bit
Read-only on Apple

63
Q

FAT formats (meaning & origin)

A

File Allocation Table

Designed by Microsoft to operate on both Windows and Mac

64
Q

FAT formats (examples)

A

EXFAT (extended, 64-bit): unlimited

FAT32 (32-bit architecture): limited, a single file cannot exceed 4GB

65
Q

FAT32 aka _______

A

MS-DOS

66
Q

Partitioning

A

Making a single drive look like two - allotting determined amount of space for certain operations/dividing space within a drive to support different media formats
i.e. having 50% of a drive by FAT32 and the other 50% be HFS+

67
Q

Type 1 MIDI track amount

A

Multiple tracks

68
Q

Type 0 MIDI track amount

A

Single track

69
Q

What does CPU affect in DAWs?

A
  1. How many plugins it can hold
  2. How many tracks it can hold
  3. DSP %

Core Technologies (9 decks)

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