COMPUTING KEYWORDS

Question 1

Secondary storage

Answer 1

• Secondary storage refers to any storage device that stores date long term. The devices are non-volatile and retain data even when the device has no power.

Question 2

Defragmentation

Answer 2

A utility program that moves parts in a file together. Meaning quicker access speeds.

Question 3

(LAN)Local area network

Answer 3

A network on a small geographical, connected by own hardware.

Question 4

Keylogger

Answer 4

A program that records keystrokes/processes on a computer. Then sends the data to the third party for analysis.

Question 5

Accumulator

Answer 5

(In the processor), stores all of the results of calculations /processes.

Question 6

Stake Holder

Answer 6

A person who may be involved either directly, or indirectly with an issue/problem.

Question 7

Virtual Network

Answer 7

A subset of computers connected together as part of a larger physical network. All communication should be encrypyed.

Question 8

Algorithm

Answer 8

A seris of instructions to solve a problem.

Question 9

Procedure

Answer 9

A named self contained section of code that performs a specfic task.

Question 10

Function

Answer 10

A named self contained section of code that performs a specific task, it must return a value.

Question 11

Parameter

Answer 11

Parameters are the names of the information that are passed into a function or procedure.

Question 12

Arguement

Answer 12

The actual values that are passed into a function or procedure.

Question 13

Embedded system

Answer 13

A processor stored in a device that is designed for a fixed purpose.

Question 14

Firewall

Answer 14

Prevents unauthorised access to a network, by examining traffic, and blocking any that don’t meet criteria.

Question 15

Casting

Answer 15

Changing the type of variable from one to another. Eg int(“34”)

Question 16

Network Interface card

Answer 16

Required to connect with a wire connection or wirelessly to any network enabled devie. It has a unique mac address.

Question 17

MAR(Memory Address register)

Answer 17

Holds the address location of the instruction/data to be fetched/stored.

Question 18

Utility software

Answer 18

Software that helps users configure, analyse, optimise and maintain a computer.

Question 19

Von Neuman Architechure

Answer 19

Storing both data and programs in memory.

Question 20

WAN(Wide are network)

Answer 20

A collection of computers connected by a third party carrier usually spread over a large geographical area.

Question 21

Programming Constructs

Answer 21

Sequence, selection, iteration are all required to writer algorithms in code.

Question 22

Utility Software

Answer 22

Software that helps user configure, analyse and optimise and maintain a computer.

Question 23

Von Neuman Architechure

Answer 23

Storing both programs and data in memory

Question 24

Cache

Answer 24

A small amount of high speed memory which is part of the CPU. It is used to temporarily hold instructions and data that the CPU is likely to reuse.

Question 25

MAC address

Answer 25

Every NIC has a unique MAC address which is required to connect to a network.

Question 26

Ciphertext

Answer 26

Text that has been encrypted.

Question 27

plaintext

Answer 27

The original message before it is encrypted.

Question 28

router

Answer 28

A device for connecting computers to a network. IT forwards packets to the next destination according to defined rules.

Question 29

Data packet

Answer 29

Messages are broke down into binary data packets before they are transferred. They contain other information such as Destination IP address and packet number.

Question 30

Range check

Answer 30

Validation that checks that a value is between two values

Question 31

Syntax error

Answer 31

Mistakes in the programming language has been written that prevent the code from running

Question 32

HIgh level programming language

Answer 32

Programming language that reflects the normal language used. It needs to be translated into machine language.

Question 33

operating system

Answer 33

Manages the computer's resources, such as providing a UI, peripheral management and file management.

Question 34

Open source software.

Answer 34

It is licenced but is free and everyone can copy, modify, and share the product.

Question 35

Prioprietry software

Answer 35

it remains the property of the group who created it. The owners control how it is licensed and they gold the copyright.

Question 36

Creative commons license

Answer 36

The copyright owners define exactly what other people can and can't do with or into their work. Eg for only non-commercial use.

Question 37

A database record

Answer 37

A collection of information about one thing

Question 38

Peripheral

Answer 38

Any computer hardware that is not part of the CPU. eg mouse keyboard.

Question 39

Plaintext

Answer 39

The orignal message before it has been encrypted.

Question 40

Router

Answer 40

A device for connecting copmuters to a network. It forwards packets to the next distination according to defined rules.

Question 41

Data packet

Answer 41

Messages a broken down into binary data packets before they are transferred. They contain other information such as destination IP address and the packet number.

Question 42

Latency

Answer 42

A period of time delay in a computer system, for exmaple the time it takes to reciee data over a network.

Question 43

STMP

Answer 43

Simple mail transfer protocal - Used to send emails between servers.

Question 44

POP

Answer 44

Post office protocol: an email protocol that allows a user to download their emails from the mail serve to their computer, the messages are deleted from the server. - Remeber the emails are downloaded onto the computer and not held on the server anymore.