Concept Of A Hazard

Question 1

Hazard Definition?

Answer 1

An event perceived to threaten people, buildings and the natural environment

Question 2

Hazard Risk Definition?

Answer 2

The probability that a natural hazard may take place

Question 3

Geophysical Meaning?

Answer 3

Driven by earth’s own internal energy sources

Question 4

Geophysical Hazard Examples

Answer 4

Tectonics - volcanoes and earthquakes

Question 5

Atmospheric Meaning?

Answer 5

Driven by the atmosphere/ climate

Question 6

Atmospheric Hazard Examples

Answer 6

Tropical storms
Drought
Wildfire

Question 7

Hydrological Meaning?

Answer 7

Driven by water bodies

Question 8

Hydrological Hazard Examples

Answer 8

Floods

Tsunamis

Question 9

Hazard Perception Definition?

Answer 9

The way in which a group or individual view the threat of a hazard, determining the course of action they take

Question 10

Factors affecting hazard perception?

Answer 10

Level of education 
Sociology-economic status 
Past experience 
Occupation
Religion
Personality

Question 11

3 main ways to perceive a hazard?

Answer 11

Fear - vulnerable
Adaptation - 3Ps
Fatalism - acceptance that they will die, Gods will

Question 12

Fatalism Meaning?

Answer 12

Losses are accepted as inevitable

‘Gods will’

Question 13

Prediction Definition?

Answer 13

Warnings given, so that action can be taken to reduce death toll

Question 14

Adaptation Definition?

Answer 14

Change behaviours so losses are kept to a minimum

Question 15

Mitigation Definition?

Answer 15

Reducing/preventing the effects of a hazard

Question 16

Risk Sharing Meaning?

Answer 16

Spread the risk (not just one affected)

Cheaper

Question 17

Management Definition?

Answer 17

Reduce the chance of damage

Degreee varies:
Japan (billions on tsunami warnings)
Phillipines (valuables wrapped in cling film in typhoons)

Question 18

Features of the Park Model - Pre-Disaster Phase?

Answer 18

Reduce / prevent impact

Education, land zoning, warning systems, insurance

Question 19

Features of the Park Model - Relief Phase?

Answer 19

Immediate
Focus is to save lives and properties
Charities help

Question 20

Features of the Park Model - Rehabilitation?

Answer 20

1. Try to restore a sense of normality

2. Insurance claims, shelter, temporary infrastructure

Question 21

Features of the Park Model - Reconstruction?

Answer 21

1. Use experience of the event to improve

2. Rebuild homes, regrow crops, mitigate

Question 22

Park Model - What can recovery depend on?

Answer 22

1. Type of hazard
2. Degree of preparation
3. Speed of relief
4. Nature of the rebuild

Question 23

Hazard Management Cycle - Preparation

Answer 23

Actions prior to event to activate necessary resources

Minimises impact by adjusting behaviour

Question 24

Features of the Hazard Management Cycle - Response stage?

Answer 24

Efforts to minimise the hazards created

Speed of response depends on effectiveness of emergency plan

Question 25

Features of the Hazard Management Cycle - Recovery stage?

Answer 25

Returning the community to normal | Restoration of services

Question 26

Features of the Hazard Management Cycle - Mitigation/Prevention stages?

Answer 26

Minimise effects for future Direct intervention - earthquake proof buildings Support post disaster - insurance and aid

Question 27

Hazard Management Cycle - Problem of Insurance?

Answer 27

Unavailable in LICs and high risk HIC areas, so those who need it can’t access it

Question 28

Frequency Definition?

Answer 28

Distribution of a hazard through time

Question 29

Magnitude Definition?

Answer 29

Size of the impact

Question 30

Disaster Definition?

Answer 30

Hazard that seriously affects humans

Question 31

Vulnerability Definition?

Answer 31

How susceptible a population is to damage caused by a hazard