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Carpentry Period 3 > Concrete (finishing, Joints, Prestressed, Precast) > Flashcards

Concrete (finishing, Joints, Prestressed, Precast) Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the chemical process that hardens concrete

A

Hydration

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2
Q

How long does concrete take to fully cure

A

28 days

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3
Q

What type of broom is used to put a light texture on concrete?

A

Horse hair bristle

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4
Q

Why is polyethylene barrier placed on the ground under concrete surface?

A

To stop water absorption into the ground

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5
Q

Why are concrete toppings used?

A

True surface and abrasive resistant surface

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6
Q

What direction do you bullfloat

A

Perpendicular to screeding direction

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7
Q

If concrete is improperly cured, it’s strength may be reduced by up to what percent?

A

50%

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8
Q

What is the name of the hand tool that is used to help level fresh concrete?

A

Darby

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9
Q

After edging operation on a concrete floor slab, what is done next?

A

Floating

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10
Q

When should curing begin

A

After finish troweling

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11
Q

What effect does troweling have on concrete

A

Produces hard smooth finish

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12
Q

Why are hardeners added to concrete surfaces

A

For Slabs with heavy traffic

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13
Q

When should a heavy paper concrete stencil be used

A

After bull floating

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14
Q

What type of tools should be used for air entrained concrete

A

Aluminum or magnesium

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15
Q

What concrete surface is produced by spreading and embedding rock salt

A

Pitted surface

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16
Q

When should dry shake hardeners/colour additives be used

A

When floating

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17
Q

How long should a slab be kept moist after placement

A

72 hours

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18
Q

What tool makes control joints

A

Jointer/divider

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19
Q

What tool provides a slip resistant surface

A

Bristle broom

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20
Q

Why are topping used

A

True and abrasive resistant surface

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21
Q

How are joints between tilt up panels treated

A

Foam rod and caulked

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22
Q

How tall can a tilt up building be

A

3 storys (typically used in single story warehouses)

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23
Q

What type of connection can be used when a concrete beam meets on top of a column

A

Dowel type

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24
Q

What makes wooden precast forms more durable

A

Two part epoxy resin

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25
Q

Bracing angle for precast column

A

45-60 degrees

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26
Q

What should not be used when patching prestessed concrete

A

Calcium chloride

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27
Q

What’s the most common tie for securing bars against displacement

A

Single tie

28
Q

What tie is used for securing horizontal bars to vertical bars

A

Wrap and single tie

29
Q

What coats deformed bars to make them corrosion resistant

A

Epoxy

30
Q

Main purpose of welded wire mesh

A

Control temperature cracks

31
Q

Reinforcement for walls is usually built

A

Into the form work piece by piece

32
Q

What type of force would a smooth bar counteract

A

Shear

33
Q

Where are concrete restraints used?

A

In situations where concrete is likely to crack

34
Q

What material is typically used to create a bulkhead?

A

Lumber, Plywood, or Metal

35
Q

Minimum splice for Column reinforcement

A

20 bar diameters but not less then 300 mm

36
Q

Which tie system is most common for securing deformed bars in footing mats?

A

Saddle tie

37
Q

What is minimum splice for temperature bars in slabs

A

24 bar diameters but not less then 300mm

38
Q

What is one method to reduce the problem of shrinkage in concrete?

A

Use lowest water-cement ratio possible

39
Q

When reinforcing retaining walls, why is the main vertical reinforcing placed near the earth side?

A

So reinforcing is In tension

40
Q

What best resists diagonal shear in beams

A

Stirrups

41
Q

How many grades of strength do deformed bar come in?

A

3

42
Q

What is used to create a mechanical locked joint in a bulkhead

A

Rebar and keyways

43
Q

If a welded wire fabric has a designation of 8 x 12 - W24 x D16, it means that

A

It has smooth longitudinal wires at 8 inches on centre

44
Q

Most common materials used for expansion joints

A

Sponge rubber, expanded polystyrene, cork, plastic, or asphalt impregnated fibreboard

45
Q

In what order would an isolation joint be done around a column

A

Column poured, joint material is applied and then the floor is cast against it

46
Q

Recommended lap for welded wire mesh

A

One full space plus 50mm

47
Q

Best suited tie system for keeping bent bar in position

A

Saddle tie

48
Q

Controlling or minimizing concrete shrinkage is best done by

A

Using low water cement ratio, well gradded aggs, water reducing agents and curing it properly

49
Q

How far apart should transverse control joints in driveways and floor slabs be

A

5-6 metres

50
Q

What hand tool is used to produce a very smooth and hard-wearing surface to concrete during finishing

A

Steel trowel

51
Q

What is used with concrete stamps to give slightly rounded edges to the pattern

A

Polyethylene Sheeeeeet

52
Q

What effect does troweling have

A

Produces a hard smooth surface

53
Q

What type of curing allows work to continue on a slab as it cures

A

Liquid membrane

54
Q

When stencilling concrete, how should you keep from coloring the grout lines

A

Add dry shake color with stencil in place

55
Q

What will water-tightness, durability, strength and appearance largely depend upon

A

Proper curing of mix

56
Q

Which concrete finishing tool creates a number of parallel grooves at the nosing of the step?

A

Safety Step Edger

57
Q

When should fine textured broom finish be applied to a slab

A

After troweling

58
Q

What is the primary purpose of properly curing concrete

A

To minimize moisture lost

59
Q

When can a crane be unhooked from a tilt up wall

A

After plumbed and braces

60
Q

What protects inserts from filling with concrete past during a slab on grade pour

A

Plastic covers

61
Q

Double nuts are used to adjust precast concrete columns for elevation and plumb. What else is required to ensure the column can transfer compressive loads?

A

Non-shrink grout and shim packs

62
Q

What is placed on the slab-on-ground so tilt-up panel doesn’t adhere to slap

A

Releasing agent

63
Q

Forms made of which material are preferred for the repeated production of standard sizes and shapes

A

Steel

64
Q

How is extra strength provided to angle irons at the base of a column to prevent them from bending?

A

Add gussets to the inside angle

65
Q

What is used to adjust precast columns when they are placed on cast-in-place footings

A

(Deez)nuts below the baseplates

66
Q

For the placement of reinforcement for large precast concrete items, how are the form sides moved apart to provide workspace?

A

Wheels that run on rails

67
Q

What type of defect shows up on the surface of concrete slabs if they rapidly dry out?

A

Plastic cracks caused by shrinkage

Carpentry Period 3 (17 decks)

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