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CONGENITAL GU ABNORMALITIES Flashcards

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1
Q

Urogenital system develops from what 2 structures

A
  • mesoderm of intermediate cell mass (genital ridge)

- urogenital sinus (ant part of cloaca)

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2
Q

mesoderm of intermediate cell mass (genital ridge) will develop into 3 parts and will develop into what female organs

A

medial - ovaries
middle - atrophy in female
lateral - FT, uterus, upper 3/4 vagina

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3
Q

Urogenital system will develop into

A

lower 1/4 of vagina and vulva

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4
Q

arises from persistent remnant of mesonephric duct
Located in the proximal anterolateralwall of the vagina
Usually asymptomatic

A

GARTNER DUCT CYST

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5
Q

genital ridge will develop into what organ

A

ovary

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6
Q

primordial cells will develop into

A

ova

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7
Q

sex cords will develop into

A

granulosa cells

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8
Q

Gubernaculum will develop into what organ

A

uteroovarian and round ligaments

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9
Q

mesonephric tubules will develop into

A

epoophoron and paroophoron

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10
Q

mesonephric ducts will develop into

A

gartner duct

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11
Q

paramesophric ducts

A

uterus, FT, upper vagina

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12
Q

urogenital sinus will develop into

A 
vagina
bladder
urethra
paraurethral glands
greater bartholin and lesser vestibular glands
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13
Q

genital tubercle will develop into

A

clitoris

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14
Q

urogenital folds will develop into

A

labia minora

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15
Q

labioscrotal swellings will develop into

A

labia majora

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16
Q

ovary analogous in male

A

testis

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17
Q

ova analogous in male

A

spermatozoa

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18
Q

granulosa cells analogous in male

A

seminiferous tubules, sertoli cells

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19
Q

uteroovarian and round ligaments analogous in male

A

gubernaculum testis

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20
Q

epoophoron, paraoophoron analogous in male

A

efferent ductules, paradidymis

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21
Q

gartner duct analogous in male

A

epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct

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22
Q

uterus
FT
upper vagina
analogous in male

Study These Flashcards
A

prostatic utricle

appendix of testis

23
Q

vagina analogous in male

Study These Flashcards
A

prostatic utricle

24
Q

paraurethral glands analogous in male

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A

prostate glands

25
greater bartholin and lesser vestibular glands analogous in male
bulbourethral glands
26
clitoris analogous in male
glans penis
27
labia minora analogous in male
floor of penile urethra
28
labia majora analogous in male
scrotum
29
- heralded by differentiation of primordial gonad into a testis or an ovary - if with Y chromosome, gonad develops into a testis - TDF (testis determining factor) encoded by SRY gene on the short arm of Y chromosome
Gonadal Gender
30
sexual differentiation that begins at 8 weeks AOG
Phenotypic Gender
31
development of internal and external genitalia of male phenotype is dependent on what
testicular function
32
-produced by sertolicells of the seminiferous tubules –Causes mullerianduct regression –Prevents development of uterus , fallopian tube and vagina;
MIS (MULLERIAN INHIBITING SUBSTANCE)/ Antimullerian hormone (AMH)
33
* Streaked gonads * Absent breast development * Short stature (<60 in) * Webbed neck * Cubitus valgus * Short 4th metacarpal * Cardiac/renal abnormalities, hypothyroidism
Turner’s Syndrome
34
Testicular feminization (AIS- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) karyotype
46 XY
35
``` 46 XY Testes produce estrogen Feminine, sparse pubic hair Shortened vagina Undescended testes-inguinal/abdominal Gonadectomy, ffdby Hormonal therapy; Vaginoplasty/ dilators ```
Testicular feminization (AIS- Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) karyotype
36
upper vaginal agenesis, uterine hypoplasia or agenesis
MRKH (mayer-rokitansky-kuster-hauser) syndrome
37
Caused by mullerian hypoplasia or agenesis
Mullerian Agenesis
38
Mullerian Agenesis affects what 3 organ system
renal skeletal auditory
39
Mullerian Agenesis karyotype
46 XX
40
Tx of Mullerian Agenesis
–Creation of a neovagina | –Ovum retrieval via IVF: surrogate mother
41
Class I
Mullerian Agenesis
42
Maybe discovered during infertility evaluation, pelvic examination, cesarean delivery and tubal sterilization Diagnostics: Hysterosalpingography, Laparoscopy, MRI, Hysteroscopy
Uterine Anomalies
43
Class II
Unicornuate uterus
44
* Underdeveloped or rudimentary horn of the uterus is present * May or may not communicate with the other horn * Dx: HSG, MRI * Complications: ectopic gestation, miscarriage, preterm labor, Growth restriction * Tx; Excision of horn that has a cavity (non pregnant)
Unicornuate uterus
45
Class III
Uterine Didelphys
46
* Complete lack of fusion * 2 uterus, 2 cervix, 2 vagina * OHVIRA (obstructed hemivagina, with ipsilateralrenal agenesis) * DX: PE-identification of longitudinal septum, 2 cervix * HSG: 2 endocervicalcanal * Imaging: 3D ultrasound, MRI * Complications: miscarriage, preterm birth * TX: metroplasty–resection of intervening myometrium
Uterine Didelphys
47
Class IV
Bicornuate Uterus
48
* Fusion anomaly resulting in 2 hemiuteri * Central myometrium runs partially or completely into the cervix * Longitudinal septum not uncommon * Dx: HSG, 3D USG, MRI * Complications: miscarriage, preterm birth * TX: metroplasty–resection of intervening myometrium
Bicornuate Uterus
49
Class V
Septate Uterus
50
* Resorptiondefect * Complete or partial longitudinal uterine septum * DX: 3D USG, MRI * Complication: malpresentation, miscarriage, PTB * TX: Hysteroscopic septal resection
Septate Uterus
51
Class VI
Arcuate uterus
52
* Mild derivation from normal uterus | * No increased adverse obstetrical outcomes
Arcuate uterus
53
Class VII
DES
54
* Transverse septum, circumferential ridge, cervical collar, uterus has smaller cavity, T-shaped * Vaginal clear cell ca, CIN, small cell cervical Ca, vaginal adenosis * > 50 years since discontinued
DES

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