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Congress Flashcards

(81 cards)

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1
Q

Great Compromise

A

Connecticut Compromise; Bicameral; modeled off Great Britains Lords and Commons

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2
Q

Senate

A

upper house; lords; bigger deal; 30 years, 9 years citizenship, 6 year office; 1/3 for reelection

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3
Q

House

A

lower house; commons, 25, 7 year citizenship, all reelection every 2 year 1/1 for reelection

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4
Q

Powers of House

A

revenue bills, impeaches, picks president with no majority

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5
Q

Powers of Senate

A

“picks” VP, Ratify Treaties, Approve Presidential Nominee, Trials for Impeachment

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6
Q

Article 1, Section 8

A

expressed powers of congress; limited government(only can do what const. says); Elastic Clause

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7
Q

Expressed Powers

A

powers directly listed in constitution; 27

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8
Q

Elastic Clause

A

necessary and proper; implied powers

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9
Q

Implied Powers

A

powers not explicitly stated in the constitution; McCulloch v Maryland

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10
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

congress has implied powers

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11
Q

Federalist 51

A

checks and balances

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12
Q

10th amendment

A

rights reserved to states; Reserved Powers

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13
Q

Reserved Powers

A

rights to given to federal gov, automatically given to states

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14
Q

Article 1, Section 10

A

says what’s states can’t do; limits there power; fears article of confederation

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15
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

powers shared by national and state government

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16
Q

Inherent Powers

A

gov has power bc there the gov; Imminent Domain

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17
Q

Imminent Domain

A

Gov can buy private property; you have to sell

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18
Q

Congress non-legislative power

A

Declare War; Advising Consent(Candidate Approval); Amendment Process

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19
Q

Amendment Process

A

2/3 proposal; represents federalism- congress proposes and states ratify

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20
Q

Executive Order

A

President goes over congress

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21
Q

Strict Constructionist

A

limits power of federal government to only what’s expressively stated in constitution

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22
Q

Loose Constructionist

A

“reading between the lines”- living and changing

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23
Q

Re/Apportionment

A

legislative seats are distributed based on population

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24
Q

Baker v Carr

A

guiding principle, one man one vote

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25
Reno v Shaw
race can't be a factor
26
Reynolds v Shaw
voting rights and equal representation
27
Gerrymandering
manipulate boundaries for party/class; legal
28
Majority-Miniority District
minority class makes up majority
29
Marginal/Swing District
doen't get more than 55% for one candidate
30
Majority/Safe District
candidate wins more than 55%
31
Continuous Body
senate; only 1/3 are reelected
32
Constituents
people you represent
33
Senator Dies
governor of state appoints someone to fill position until next election
34
Incumbency Advantage
those already in office get reelected more easily, name recognition, raising money; works better in house
35
Constituent Service
resolves constituents problems; they had a problem I fixed it
36
Parts of Incumbency Advantage
Constituent Service; Pork Barrel; Franking
37
Pork Barrel Bill
creates jobs and benefits for a particular group
38
Franking
sending business related mail for free
39
FECA
PACs have to donated for IG
40
Casework
provide assistants to constituents
41
Credit Claiming
Casework, Pork Barrel
42
Speaker of the House
powerful and influential; determines party strategy; determines which bills will be presented; assisted by majority leader
43
Majority/Floor Leader
ally to speaker; schedule billings; announce agenda; responds to member opinions on agenda
44
Minority Leader
negotiates with majority; leads floor for minority;
45
Whip
keep score of party votes; focus on people on the fence; asks how floor is going to vote; minority and majority
46
Standing Committees
permanent; oversee specific responsibilities; evaluate bills to kill them or pass; jurisdiction over a certain area; multiple subcommittees
47
Joint Committee
members of both chambers; Issue of interest in both houses Limited jurisdiction
48
Selective Committee
limited- specific purpose; no legislative authority; temporary
49
subcommittee
deals with specified issues and reports back to large committees
50
Conference Committee
joint and select- bill passes in both so come together to compromise; temporary
51
House Rules Committee
most powerful standing committee; closed rule
52
Closed Rule
limits debate; bill can't be amended on floor
53
President of Senate
VP; breaks ties; presides over counting ballots
54
President Pro Tempore
fills in for VP
55
Congressional Caucus
closed meeting to develop party strategy; gathers people together
56
Quorum
number of people for meeting to count; majority
57
Committee of the Hole
reduces quorum to 100; can't vote but speeds it up; debate period
58
Mark up
happens/assigned in standing committee; evaluates merit of bill; makes edits
59
Pigeon Hole
speaker doesn't have to assign bill to committee; set aside and ideally forgotten
60
Discharge Petition
motion to force bill out of committee; gets it out of pigeon hole
61
Clotcher
ends filibuster/debate; rare
62
Filibuster
stalling so that nothing gets done
63
Log Rolling
trading votes
64
Rider
doesn't pass by itself so it attaches to another bill
65
Christmas Tree Bill
Rider bills hanging on the "tree"
66
Engrossed
printed in final form
67
Hold
senator temporarily blocks bill
68
Appropriation Bill
congress response to presidents budget
69
Authorization Bill
authorization for federal agencies
70
Budget Resolution
blueprint guide to congressional action on beget related legislation
71
Continuing Resolution
can't reach agreement on appropriations so agencies get budget from year before
72
Incrementalism
small changes to programs rather than large; over large periods of time
73
Reconciliation
tax or revenue adjustments to achieve required savings
74
Trustee
vote in best interest- trust yourself
75
Delegate
vote the way constituents want
76
Partisan
do what the party wants
77
Politico
pick based on an issue
78
Work with president
Work closely with president; determined by president approval
79
Senate are...
Generalists
80
House members are...
Specialists
81
Staff
keep records of phone calls; congressman can't be everywhere so fill there place

AP Gov (5 decks)

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