Connective Tissue Flashcards
(106 cards)
1
Q
Connective tissue proper primary components
A
- Cells
- Extracellular matrix
2
Q
2 types of fibroblasts
A
- Inactive fibroblasts
- Active fibroblasts
3
Q
Components of extracellular matrix
A
- Fibers
- Ground substances
- Signalling molecules
4
Q
Most common type of collagen fiber?
A
Type I
5
Q
Where is Type I collagen fibers found?
A
Found in bone, skin, dentin, cementum, cornea, blood vessels, fibrocartilage, tendons, and ligaments
6
Q
What type of cells dos Type I collagen have?
A
Fibroblasts
7
Q
Type I collagen fibers are…
A
Thick
8
Q
Type I collagen fibers stain…
A
Pink
9
Q
Type II collagen fiber cell type?
A
Made by fibroblasts
10
Q
Type II collagen fibrils?
A
Thin
11
Q
Type II collagen fibers is found…
A
- Hyaline cartilage
- Elastic cartilage
12
Q
Type II collagen fibers stain…
A
- Stain pink
- Individual fibers not detectable until much higher magnification
13
Q
Type III collagen fibers are found…
A
Found in lymphatic system, internal organs, adipose tissue
14
Q
Type III collagen fiber cells?
A
Specialized fibroblasts called reticular cells
15
Q
Type III collagen fiber function?
A
Support
16
Q
Type III collagen fiber stain?
A
- Not distinguishable from collagen in H&E
- With silver stain, appears dark blue/black
17
Q
Elastic fibers cells?
A
Fibroblasts
18
Q
Elastic fibers are found..
A
Found with collagen fibers in all loose connective tissue
19
Q
Elastic fibers can form…
A
Lamina/sheets
20
Q
Ground substance components
A
- Proteoglycans/aggregates
- Extracellular
- Glycoproteins
21
Q
Example of proteoglycans?
A
Glycosaminoglycans/GAGs
22
Q
Extracellular fluid contains what in ground substances?
A
Ions and water
23
Q
Glycosaminoglycans/GAGs
A
- Negative charge attracts cations (Na+), which attracts water
- Protective barrier
24
Q
Loose connective tissue proper location
A
Surrounds internal organs/vessels
25
Loose connective tissue proper cells
- Lots of cells relative to fibers
- Fibroblasts
26
Loose connective tissue proper fibers
- Thinner, spaced out
- Mostly Type I collagen with some elastic/reticular fibers
27
Loose connective tissue proper ground substance
Lots of ground substance
28
Loose connective tissue proper function
- Support for organs, vessels
- Allows for diffusion and cell migration
29
Dense regular connective tissue location
Tendons and ligaments
30
Dense regular connective tissue cells
- Fewer relative to fibers
- Fibroblasts
31
Dense regular connective tissue fibers
- Thick, tightly packed
- Mostly Type I collagen
- Unidirectional
32
Dense regular connective tissue ground substance
Less ground substance
33
Dense regular connective tissue function
- Strength and support
- Stretch resistance
- One direction
34
Dense irregular connective tissue location
Mainly dermis of skin
35
Dense irregular connective tissue cells
- Fewer cells relative to fibers
- Fibroblasts
36
Dense irregular connective tissue fibers
- Thicker fibers, tightly packed
- Mostly Type I collagen
- Multidirectional
37
Dense irregular connective tissue ground substance
Less ground substance
38
Dense irregular connective tissue function
- Strength and support
- Moderate stretch resistance
- Multiple directions
39
Reticular connective tissue location
Lymphatic system, internal organs, adipose tissue
40
Reticular connective tissue cells
- Amount varies
- Fibroblasts
41
Reticular connective tissue fibers
- Thin, reticular fibers/Type III collagen
- Delicate, net like structure
42
Reticular connective tissue ground substance
Lots of ground substance
43
Reticular connective tissue function
Support for internal organs and adipose tissue
44
Elastic connective tissue location
Blood vessels, muscles, skin
45
Elastic connective tissue cells
Fibroblasts
46
Elastic connective tissue fibers
Can be arranged into sheets called lamella
47
Elastic connective tissue ground substance
Amount varies
48
Elastic connective tissue function
Stretch
49
Adipose location
Throughout body
50
Adipose cells
Cell dense adipocytes
51
Adipose fibers
Type I, II, and III collagen
52
Adipose ground substance
Less ground substance
53
Adipose function
- Lipid/energy storage
- Thermal insulation
54
RBCs/Erythrocytes
- Contains hemoglobin
- No nuclei
- Supply oxygen, contains hemoglobin
55
WBCs: Leukocytes
Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Eosinophils
Basophils
56
WBCs function
Immunity
57
Blood fiber type
Fibrin, only present during clotting
58
Fibrinogen
Precursor to clotting, always present
59
Blood ground substance
Plasma and platelets
60
Plasma
- Mostly water
- Electrocytes
- Proteins
- Transports these substances throughout body
61
Platelets
- Cell fragments
- Important for clotting
62
Blood functions
Oxygen supply, immunity, nutrients, protein transport
63
Cartilage functions
- Resists compressive and shearing forces
- Enhance bone resilience
- Provide support in around bone where flexibility is needed
64
Cartilage components
- Fibers
- Ground substance
- Cells
65
What is cartilages' ground substance rich in? Why?
- Hyaluronic acid
- Binds H2O to solidify substances
66
Hyaline cartilage location
Nose, larynx, trachea, surfaces of joints
67
Most prevalent type of cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
68
Hyaline cartilage cells
- Fewer cells
- Chondroblasts and chondrocytes
69
Hyaline cartilage fibers
Type II collagen
70
Hyaline cartilage ground substances
- Rich in hyaluronic acid
- Lots of ground substance
71
Hyaline cartilage function
- Support
- Flexibility
- Friction reduction
72
Elastic cartilage location
External ear and epiglottis
73
Elastic cartilage cells
- Lots of cells
- Chondroblasts
- Chondrocytes
74
Elastic cartilage fibers
- Mostly elastic
- Some Type II collagen
75
Elastic cartilage ground substances
- Rich in hyaluronic acid
- Less ground substance
76
Elastic cartilage function
Flexible structure
77
What does hyaline cartilage not have?
No vasculature
78
How do hyaline cartilage cells get nutrients?
Diffusion
79
Fibrocartilage location
- Intervertebral disks
- Insertions of tendons and ligaments into bone
80
Fibrocartilage cells
- Fewer cells
- Chondrocytes
81
Fibrocartilage fibers
- Lots of fibers
- Mostly Type I collagen
- Some Type II collagen
82
Fibrocartilage ground substances
- Rich in hyaluronic acid
- Less ground substance
83
Fibrocartilage function
- Strength and support transitional areas
- Resists compression and shearing forces
- Shock absorbance
84
Organic component of bone (Osteoid)
Type I collagen fibers and other proteins
85
Inorganic component of bone (Bone matrix)
Ground substance rich in hydroxyapatite, which is calcium and a phosphorous compound
86
Osteoblasts
- Produce and secrete osteoid
- Collagen fibers, ground substance
87
Osteocytes
- Maintains matrix
- Ossified bone
88
Osteoclasts
- Reabsorb bone
- Bone breakdown and turnover
89
Organic components are decalcified or non-decalcified?
Non-decalcified
90
Inorganic components are decalcified or non-decalcified?
Decalcified
91
Where are osteoblasts located?
Near the surface of the bone
92
Osteoblasts are...
Mononuclear
93
Osteocytes are...
Mononuclear
94
Where are osteocytes located?
Inside bone
95
Osteocytes are visible in...
Non-decalcified bone preps
96
Osteoclasts are...
Multinuclear
97
Where are osteoclasts located?
On surface on bone
98
Compact bone
- Solid bone
- Exterior
99
Spongy bone
- Spicules of bone with spaces inbetween
- Interior
100
Compact bones have...
- Osteons
- Concentric lamella with Type I collagen fibers
101
Osteocyte cell bodes are located in...
Lacunae
102
What is the primary microscopic structural unit of compact bone?
Osteons
103
Spongy bone is a lattice like network because what is inside?
Bone marrow
104
What are the two degrees of bone maturity
- Woven, immature
- Lamellar, mature
105
Woven category of bone characteristics
- Rounded osteocytes
- No distinct lamellae
- Immature
106
Lamellar category of bone characteristics
- Flattened osteocytes
- Distinct lamellae
- Mature
