Connective Tissue

Question 1

Fibroblasts are

Renews except for

Other cells in ct

Answer 1

Flat large branching cells

• most common cell type in CT
• fixed

Except for cartilage

WBC

Question 2

CT tissue fibers are

Answer 2

Collagen
Elastic
Reticular

Question 3

Collagen

CT fibers

Answer 3

Primary fiber type (except for blood)

*composed of protein, collagen

Question 4

Elastic

CT fiber

Answer 4

Microfilaments embedded in protein

*elastin- stretches and returns to original form

Question 5

Reticular

CT fiber

Answer 5

Seen in embryonic structures

*reticulin- mesh like arrangement

Question 6

CT classification

Answer 6

Soft (adipose)
Firm (cartilage)
rigid (bone)
fluid (blood and lymph)

Question 7

Soft CT is made up what 3 CT types:

Answer 7

Loose- just deep to epithelium
dense- deep to loose
Specialized- adipose, elastic, reticular

CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER

Question 8

Functions

Answer 8

Support
Packaging 
Storage
Transport
Repair
Defense

Question 9

Firm CT definition

Function

Answer 9

Noncalcified CT associated with Skelton

Temporary skeleton
Covers most joint articular to surfaces
Forms outline for bone formation

Question 10

Firm CT comprised of….

Avascular meaning..

Answer 10

Matrix of cells, mainly collagen
*more flexible than bone, doesn’t mineralize

Can’t renew itself, relies on surrounding tissues for nutrition

Question 11

Cartilage:
Hyaline

Elastic

Fibrocartilage

Answer 11

Most common, only collagen
*epiphyseal plates

Mix of collagen fibers and elastic
*ear, Eustachian tube, epiglottis, larynx

Characteristics of the above 2
*transitional in nature, going from one to the other ex:tmj

Question 12

Rigid CT

Functions to…

Most specialized CT…

Answer 12

Support, protection and locomotion

Vascular- can repair itself
*calcified and mineralized CT

• most specialized and abundant
• forms mature skeleton

Question 13

Bone components:

Diaphysis

Epiphysis

Articular cartilage

Epiphyseal plate

Epiphyseal line

Answer 13

Central shaft of bone

2 ends of long bone

Covers epiphysis where it articulates with another bone

Cartilage b/w diaphysis and epiphysis, where bone grows

Mineralization of plate

Question 14

Bone cavities:

Medullary cavity

Marrow

• yellow
• red

Answer 14

Within the diaphysis
*marrow fills these cavities

Y-mostly fat
R- blood forming cells

Question 15

Bone linings:

Periosteum

Endosteum

Answer 15

Outer covering of bone *blood vessels and nerves of bone

Lines medullary cavities *inside

Question 16

Bone cells:

Osteoblasts

Osteoclasts

Canaliculi

Answer 16

Bone forming cells, cuboidal, found in Peru and endosteum

Bone destroying cells *osteocytes-mature osteoblasts

Processes from osteocytes. *little channels that connect 2 osteocytes to communicate

Question 17

Compact bone:

Answer 17

Mostly a sold matrix of cells

• inferior border mandible- more solid for strength
• outside bone

Question 18

Cancellous bone:

Answer 18

Lacy network of bone with small marrow filled spaces
*light bone, strength without weight

• covered by compact bone
• spongy bone

Question 19

Bone layers:

Circumferential

Concentric

Interstitial

Answer 19

Surrounding outer perimeter of adult bones

Bulk of compact bone. Metabolic unit-osteon-osteocytes

In between concentric circles
*concentric rings-haverson canal *each canal has laminae and osteon

Question 20

Bone ossification:

Osteoblast (3)

Answer 20

1. Start formation
2. Synthesize collagen and proteoglycans
3. Once surrounded by matrix

*when matrix is around osteoblast it is then called osteocyte

Question 21

Bone ossification:

Osteocyte (2)

Answer 21

1. Intramembraneous ossification

2. Endochondral ossification

Question 22

Bone formation:

Endochondrial

Intramembraneous

Answer 22

Forms ramus of mandibular and zygomatic arch

Alveolar process, body of mandible and maxillary process of maxilla

Question 23

Endochondrial ossification:

Cartilage models

Answer 23

Hyaline surrounded by perichondrium

*has blood supply

Question 24

Endochondrial ossification: Chondrocytes form a matrix

3 pts

Answer 24

1. osteoblasts created in perichondrium
   * start to make bone
2. Cartilage does a mineralization occurs.
3. Perichondrium becomes periosteum

Question 25

Intramembraneous ossification:

Osteoblasts from osteoid b/w…

Answer 25

CT membranes

*osteoblast between 2 membranes

Question 26

Intramembraneous oss:

Trabeculae may be replaced to form..

Answer 26

Compact bone

Question 27

Bone remodeling:

Osteoblasts

Osteoclasts

Growth

Answer 27

Create bone

Destroy bone

Growth and bone changes are influenced by pressure and tension forces on bone

Question 28

Bone remodeling:

Calcium storage (2 pts)

Answer 28

Calcium stores are in constant flux
Hormones control
*hormone imbalance makes bones brittle