Connective Tissue Lecture

Question 1

Parenchyma

Answer 1

Functional cellular units

Question 2

Stroma

Answer 2

CT

Supporting structures

Question 3

Embryonic connective tissue 2

Answer 3

Mesenchyme

Mucous CT

Question 4

CT proper

Answer 4

Loose CT
Dense CT
-regular = DRCT
-irregular = DICT

Question 5

Specialized CT

Answer 5

Cartilage
Bone
Blood & hematopoietic tissue
Adipose tissue
Elastic tissue
Reticular tissue

Question 6

Components of ECM

Answer 6

Fiber
Ground substance
Tissue fluid

Question 7

4 functions of ground substance

Answer 7

Glue
Lubricant
Barrier
Tensile strength

Question 8

Types of collage and location

Answer 8

Type I: most abundant
Type II: cartilage
Type III: reticular
Type IV: BM

Question 9

Composition of mucous CT

Answer 9

Jelly like
Few cells or fibers
Abundant ground substance

Question 10

Location of mucous CT 3

Answer 10

Umbilical cord = Wharton’s jelly
Cardiac jelly
Vitreous humor in eye

Question 11

Components of LCT = areolar

Answer 11

Abundant cells of various type
Few fiber
Abundant GS

Question 12

Function and location of LCT

Answer 12

Flexible, not resistant to stress, rich in blood supply

Loosely thin and sparse collagen fibers

Beneath epithelium
Surrounds glands and smallest BV

Question 13

Location of lamina propria

Answer 13

LCT of mucosa

Lining:
Respiratory tract
GI tract
Urogenital tract

Question 14

Components of DICT

Answer 14

Few cells of single type, fibroblast
Abundant fiber, mostly collagen
Little GS

Collagen fibers have no orientation - resistant to stress in all directions
Significant strength

Question 15

Banding pattern of collagen fiber

Answer 15

68 nm

Collagen fibrils often consist of more than one type of collagen

Question 16

Components of DRCT

Answer 16

Abundant fiber, mostly collagen fibers, in a specific orientation
Few cells of single type, fibroblast, have processes
Little GS

Question 17

Place of DRCT

Answer 17

Tendons/ligaments

Question 18

Tendinocyte

Answer 18

Fibroblast in tendon
More thin processes

More cytoplasm

Question 19

In tendon, differentiate epitendineum, peritendineum, endotendineum

Answer 19

Epitendineum: covering an entiry tendon

Peritendineum: covering around a group of fascicles

Endotendineum: CT covering around a group of fibers

Question 20

Levels of tendon

Answer 20

Collagen fibril > collagen fiber > promary fiber bundle = subfascicle > secondary fiber bundle fascicle > tertiary fiber bundle > tendon

Question 21

Reticular CT

Answer 21

Reticular cells = modidied fibroblasts
Framework for myeloid (bone marrow) and lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, spleen)

Collagen III fiber

Question 22

Elastic CT

Answer 22

Central core of elastic surrounded by fibrillin microfibrils

Produced by fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

Stain: orcein,resorcin, or Verhoeff’s

Question 23

Location of elastic CT

Answer 23

Elastic arteries, elastic cartilage, vocal ligament, suspensory ligament of the penis

Question 24

Cartilage cells

Answer 24

Chondroblasts/ chondrocytes

Question 25

Bone cells

Answer 25

Osteoblasts Osteoclasts Osteocytes

Question 26

Blood cells

Answer 26

Erythrocytes | Leukocytes

Question 27

Hypertrophic scar

Answer 27

Raised than normal, but within original wound boundary Caused by increased collagen production

Question 28

Keloid scar

Answer 28

In excess of the boundary, extending into surrounding tissue Caused by increased collagen production

Question 29

Anaphylactic shock

Answer 29

Increased mast cell release of histamine Allergy

Question 30

Edema

Answer 30

Increased tissue fluid Water in bv flows into CT