Connective Tissues

Question 1

Characteristics of Connective Tissues

Answer 1

• Most common tissue,
• More matrix than cells
• Fibers running through matrix
• Job is to hold things together and provide structure and support
• Vascularity varies with different connective tissues
• Cells are named by tissue they make

Question 2

Examples of Connective Tissues

Answer 2

-Adipose, tissue, bones, ligaments, cartilage, loose connective tissues that hold organs together

Question 3

What are the types of fibers?

Answer 3

Collagen, Reticular, Elastic

Question 4

What are Collagen Fibers?

Answer 4

These are one of the strongest proteins the body makes. It is formed (protein synthesis) by the cell. Vitamin C and the mineral copper are needed o form strong collagen fibers - also known as white fibers

Question 5

What are Reticular Fibers?

Answer 5

There are tiny versions of collagen fibers. They look like spider webs and are found throughout the body anchoring tissues to one another

Question 6

What are Elastic Fibers?

Answer 6

These fibers can do what collagen cannot do, which is return to their original position once hey have been pulled or stretched. These fibers are known as yellow

Question 7

Adipose Tissue

Answer 7

• Loose Connective Tissue designed to store fat

- Found beneath skin, around joints, padding the kidneys and other internal organs

Question 8

Bone Tissue

Answer 8

Bone cells called osteocytes, lie within lacunae and are arranged in concentric circles

Question 9

Cartilage

Answer 9

• Rigid connective tissue providing supportive framework

- Lacks a vascular system, so it heals slowly

Question 10

What is a fibroblast

Answer 10

cells that create the tissue

Question 11

Cappillary

Answer 11

the more room in the matrix = the more blood vessels found

Question 12

What is a Mast Cell

Answer 12

A type of WBC commonly found in connective tissue. It releases histamine or hepamine

Question 13

WBC

Answer 13

neutrophil or monocyte

Question 14

Matrix or IF

Answer 14

The fluid that fills the square between cells

Question 15

Types of Connective Tissue Proper

Answer 15

Loose Areolar, Adipose, Loose Reticular, Dense Irregular, Dense Regular, Dense Elastic

Question 16

Adipose Tissue

Answer 16

• CT proper
• very vascular
• rule breaker - has cellularity

Question 17

Loose Reticular

Answer 17

• CT proper
• makes up framework of non-hollow organs (spleen, liver, lymph nodes)
• very vascular to filter the lymph nodes

Question 18

Dense Irregular

Answer 18

-CT proper
-packed with fibers; not much room for blood vessels; slow healing
-strength in all direction
periosteum (around bone) pericardium (around cartilage) + around muscles, blood vessels and GI tract

Question 19

Dense Rgular

Answer 19

• CT proper
• not many blood vessels= slow healer
• all fibers in one direction + strength in one direction
• tendons, ligaments, fibrous membranes

Question 20

Dense Elastic

Answer 20

• CT proper
• mainly found under transitional epithelium, wall of repiratory pathway, walls of blood vessels
• can form elastic ligaments that allow movement of vertebrae

Question 21

Loose Areolar

Answer 21

• CT proper

- fibroblast, collagen fibers, capillary, mast cell, WBC, Reticular fibers, Matrix or IF

Question 22

Cartilage Connective Tissue

Answer 22

• Matrix is firm because of proteoglycons
• avascular - actually discourages blood vessel formation
• cells (chondrocytes) must live in pools because of the firm matrix
• pools are called lacunge
• no room for nerves
• perichondrium surrounds the cartilage

Question 23

What are the types of Cartilage Connective Tissue

Answer 23

Hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, elastic cartilage

Question 24

What is hyaline cartilage

Answer 24

• toughest cartilage there is
• wear and tear = ends of joints nose trachea, connecting ribs to sternum
• white = loaded with collagen fibers

Question 25

What is Fibrocartilage

Answer 25

- alternate rows of cells, matrix, and fibers to create a tissue that can absorb a lot of forces (like a spring) - meniscus, intervertebral discs

Question 26

What is elastic Cartilage

Answer 26

- strong like hyaline but elastic fibers allow it to return to original shape after bending - external ears, epiglottis

Question 27

Characteristics of Bone (Osseus) Connective Tissue

Answer 27

-gel like matrix of the cartilage has calcium slats added making the matrix even harder -2 types: compact and spongy -very vascular - has canals containing blood vessels running though matrix to give nutrient delivery -large nerve supply high amount of collagen fibers for strength -osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes

Question 28

Lamella

Answer 28

ring of cells

Question 29

osteocyte

Answer 29

bone cell

Question 30

lacurae

Answer 30

little lake where cells live

Question 31

canaliculi

Answer 31

tiny canal that carry nutrients from one lacurae to another

Question 32

Hversion canal or central canal

Answer 32

carries blood vessels and nerves to group of lamella belonging to that group (haverism system or osteon)

Question 33

Volkmann's or Perfecting Canal

Answer 33

travel at right angles connecting osteons

Question 34

Blood Characteristics

Answer 34

- matrix is a fluid known as plasma - fibers are used for blood clotting (stay in inactive form and do not become visible until the clotting process is activated - more matrix than cells - cells originate from bone marrow by homocydoblasts (erthrocyte RBC)(leukeocytes WBC)(thrombocytes platelets)