Epithelial Tissues Flashcards
(32 cards)
Epithelial Tissues
- Form the outer layer or cover and sit on top of other tissues
- Can also line the inside of hollow organs, where they sit on top of other tissues
- Also make up glands
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissues
- Always has a free top or apex
- Made up of tightly packed cells
- Cells are anchored together to form sheets of cells
- Avascular, but has nerve endings
- Replaced frequently
- Can have cilia and microvilli
Types of Epithelial Tissue
Squamous, Cuboidal, Columnar, Transitional, Simple, Stratefied
Simple Squamous
- Structure: A simple layer of thin flattened cells
- Function: Well-suited for diffusion
- Location: lines blood vessel, inside of heart, and capillaries
Simple Cuboidal
Structure: Single layer of cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei
- Function: Secretion and sometimes absorption
- Location: Kidney tubules and ducts of some galnds
Two types of Glands
Endocrine and Exocrine
Endocrine
type of gland that makes their product and secretes it into the matrix, capillaries come and pick up the product
Exocrine
type of gland that secretes its product outside of itself using a duct (sweat, oil, wax)
Simple Columnar
- Structure: Elongated Cells, nuclei located by basement membrane, often have microvilli or cilia
- Function: A big absorber and cilia help
- Location: Line uterus, Fallopian tubes, stomach, intestines
Psudostratefied (false) Columnar
- Structure: looks like more than one layer, but it is not, nuclei not all on the bottom, have cilia, also have goblet cells
- Function: Sweep out debris, goblet cells produce mucin, histamine
- Location: Only found in lining of upper respiratory tract (trachea, bronchi)
Stratified Squamous
- Structure: Flattened layer of cells
- Function: Wear and tear tissue, low energy friction exposure to environment
- Location: Makes up the outer layer of skin and line the mouth throat, vagina, and anal canal
Basement membrane
Lowest layer of the same type of cells
Mitotic Cells
New daughter cells that will be pushed upward
Melanocytes
Release pigment. Skin color determined by the amount of melanocytes in the skin
What is Keratin
a tough protective and waterproof protein that can be added
Carcinoma
any type of cancer to the epithelial tissue
What are the three types of skin cancer
basal cell, squamous, and malignant
Basal Cell carcinoma
80% of skin cancer, caused by too much sun exposure by age 20. 99% cure rate.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
15% of skin cancers, too much sun exposure, can appear red and scaly, does not heal and go away 99% cure rate
Malignant Melanoma
3.5% of skin cancers, sun exposure and has a genetic link, grows down through basement membrane and can spread, deadly and survival depends on early detection.
What is the ABCD method?
a method used for looking for skin cancer A-Asymmetry B-Boarder C-Color D-Diameter
Characteristics of a first degree burn
- top part of epidermis is burned and irritated nerve endings
- healing time is 3-7 days
- treatment: cool compress and aloe vera
Characteristics of a second degree burn
- epidermis and dermis is burned
- Symptoms: painful, red blisters, pealing of damaged skin
- Healing time: 7-10 days depending on depth of the burn
- Treatment: Cool compress, aloe vera, do not break blisters
Characteristics of a third degree burn
- entire thickness or epidermis and dermis
- Symptoms: No pain, nerve ending have been burned and cannot carry messages, white or gray color, skin slippage
- Healing time: Months to a year depending on location and percentage burned
- Treatment: Percentage of body burned is determined by the rule of nines, several things must be done at once in order to ensure recovery
- Need IV fluids and anitbiotics, remove dead skin
