CONO Pharmacology Flashcards
(145 cards)
1
Q
tiotropium bromide
A
bronchodilator - long acting, COPD maintenance, CI: milk allergy
2
Q
Salbutamol
A
bronchodilator - acute COPD, asthma CI: pregnancy
3
Q
Montelukast
A
maintenance for asthma/allergy, esophageal esophagitis
4
Q
Mometasone
A
maintenance asthma/allergy, strong topical corticosteroid
5
Q
Epinephrine
A
acute asthma(inhale), anaphylatic
6
Q
fluticasone
A
prophylactic asthma, esophageal esophagitis, inhaled corticosteroid, CI: milk protein allergy, asthma attack
7
Q
diphehydramine “benadryl”
A
allergy
8
Q
loratadine “claritin”
A
seasonal allergies - H1 receptor antagonist
9
Q
dextromethorphan “benylin”
A
anti-tussive, risk of serotonin syndrome
10
Q
Phenylephrine
A
nasal congestant spray, mydriosis
11
Q
Pseudoephedrine
A
nasal congestion
12
Q
Guaifenesin
A
expectorant
13
Q
5-fluorouracil
A
carcinomas, actinic keratosis, Preg D
14
Q
paclitaxel
A
advanced ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, Prg X
15
Q
Doxorubin
A
endometrial kaposi’s, ovarian, metastatic breast cancer
16
Q
Methotrexate
A
choriocarcinoma, trophoblastic, leukemias, lung cancer, psoriasis, RA Preg X because it depletes folic acid
17
Q
Caffeine
A
migraines
18
Q
Dihydroergotamine
A
migraines, Preg X
19
Q
Sumatriptan
A
migraines (5-HT agonist)
20
Q
B-interferon
A
MS, lots of Side effects
21
Q
Rivastigmine
A
Alzheimer’s, MS
22
Q
Donepezil
A
MS, Alzheimer’s
23
Q
Pregnenolone
A
increases memory
24
Q
Cyclobenzaprine
A
painful muscle spasms
25
Gabapentin
epilepsy, neuropathic pain
26
Phenytoin
1st line tonic/clonic seizures, partial seizures, status epileptics, Preg X, lots of side effects
27
levodopa-carbidopa
parkinson's, don't tale B6 CI: lactation, acute MI, narrow angle glaucoma
28
Pramipexole
parkinson's, restless legs, SE: sudden sleep
29
Prochlorperazine
anti-emetic, antilytic, antipsychotic I" Kava, angerlica, hypericum
30
Phentermine
appetite suppressant
31
methylphenidate
ADHD, narcolepsy
32
dextroamphetamine
ADHD, narcolepsy
33
latanoprost
open angle glaucoma, HTN
34
amiodarone
anti-arrhymic, lots of SE & CI
35
digoxin
heart failure, atrial fib. (2nd)
| I: hydrastis, convallaria, leonarus, glycyrrhiza, st. john's. CI: digitalis, Vtachy/fib, obstructive cardiomyopathy
36
Spironolactone
K+ sparing diuretic - weakest
37
Furosemide
loop diuretic - strong CI: lactation/preg
38
hydrochlorothiazide
medium diuretic, sulfur based
| I: glycyrrhiza CI: hepatic/renal impairment
39
Trandolapril
ACE inhibitor, HTN, Preg D
40
Lisinopril
ACE inhibitor, vasodilator
| decrease mortality in stable MI within 24 hours
41
Captopril
ACE inhibitor, increase systemic vasodialation, saves kidney function in diabetes
42
Valsartan
ANG2 Antagonist, decrease peripheral vascular resistance, decrease effective circulating volume
43
Amlodipine
Calcium Channel Blocker - Black People HTN CI: sidenafil
44
Metoprolol
selective B1 blocker - HTN, migraine prophylaxis
45
Atenolol
selective beta blocker - angina & HTN, decrease CV mortality and risk of repeat MI
CI: preg/lact
46
Propranolol
Beta blocker, non-selective
angina, MI, migraine prophylaxis, post. MI, cardiomyopathy
CI: Asthma, 2nd/3rd Block, COPD, DM, Hyperkalemia
47
Carvedilol
Beta blocker non-selective
HTN - 2nd line, CHF, Lv dysfunction
decrease mortality/hospitalization in CHF
48
Clonidine
alpha 2 adrenergic agonist - centrally acting
| essential/renal/malignant HTN
49
Clopidogrel
unstable angina, prophylaxis stroke/MI, antiplatelet
50
Pentoxifylline
peripheral vascular dz, lower blood viscosity & blood flow
51
Warfarin
inhibits vitamin k dependant factors (2,7, 9, 10, C, S)
MI, AF, DVT, PE prevention CI: Preg
Changed by: garlic, onions, ginger, gingko, acetaminophen, androgens, beta blockers, corticosteriods, omeprazole, phenytoin
52
Atorvastatin
HMG-coA reductase CI: Preg I:red yeast extract
53
Gemfibrozil
VLDL decrease, increase chance of gallstones, Preg C
54
Rosuvastatin
"crestor" Hmg-coA reductase (modest) Preg D
55
Isotretinoin
acne Preg X
56
Clindamycin
topical acne, increase risk of clostridium infection
57
Amantadine
antiviral used in parkinson's, herpes zoster in immunocompromised
58
Oseltamivir
tamiflu - influenza A/B
59
Valacyclovir
herpes zoster, genital herpes, prophylaxis herpes/CMVin immunocompromised
60
Acyclovir
herpes, varicella, EBV, CMV prevention Caution: KD/LV impairment
61
Zidovudine
HIV prophylaxis/treatment
62
Beta-interferon
Chronic Hep B/C, genital warts, tumos, leukemia, Kaposi's, melanoma, lots of SE Caution: AI dz
63
Mebendazole
worms CI: preg, children
64
Hydroxychloroquine
Malaria *RA, SLE, avoid digoxin/alcohol
65
Nystatin
antifungal (candida)
66
Fluconazole
systemic antifungal, potentiates warfarn, oral hypoglycemics, Preg C/D, CI: KD/LV dz
67
Metronidazole
antiprotazoal, BV, Trichmonaise, amoeba, giardia, bacteroides fragilis, clostridium diff, h.pylori
68
Terbinafine
oral/nail antifungal CI: LV/KD dz, lact, SSRI, Bblockers, MAOs, warfarin
69
Permethrim
scabies/pest cream
70
Cephalexin
Beta-lactam, safe in Preg, I- Metformin, Resp
71
Penicillin
Beta-lactam, gram+ & Neisseria meningitis SE: hairy black tongue,
72
Amoxicillin
Beta-lactam, Safe in preg, listeria, 1st line bronchitis, h. pylori, PUD, UTI, Salmonella
73
Doxycycline
tetracycline antibiotic, NOT FOR STAPH, Rickettsia, chalmydia, mycoplasma, borrelia, acne, gonorrhea, syphillis
SE: yellow teeth, black tongue, photoensivity, diarrhea, NV
CI: children <8 yo, preg/lact
74
Nitrofurantoin
5-mitrofuran, acute UTI or prophylactic
| CI: G6PD def, Preg/lact.
75
Azithromycin
macrolide AB, Safe in pregnancy, strep pneumonia, legionella, clamydial urethritis, chancroid, mycobacterium avium
CI; LV dz
76
Sulfamethazole/trimethoprim
gram+, UTI, bronchitis, prostatitis, listeria, e.coli, Preg C
77
Tetracycline
acne, cholera, brucellosis, plague, malaria, syphilis, NOT FOR PSEUDOMONAS, PROTEUS, Preg D, SE: yellow teeth, photosensitivity
78
Ciproflaxin/Fluoroquinolone
GI infection, 1st UTI, 2nd TB, Pseudomonas, legionella, s.aureus, s. pneumonae, gonorrhea, meningococcal, CI: MS, Children <8 yo
79
Mupirocin
topical, impetigo (stap, strep)
80
Hydroxyzine
Short-term anxiety, antihistamine, sedative
81
buspirone
GAD, no risk of dependance/withdrawal, no sedation
82
alprazolam
short-use benzo, increase GABA, Preg D
83
diazepam
long-acting benzo, anticonvulsant, alcohol withdrawal, mania, anesthesia, severe insomnia
84
lorazepam
benzo, active seizures, alcohol withdrawal, chemo, NV, panic/anxiety CI: preg/lact
85
Fluoxetine
SSRI, depression 1st, panic disorder 1st, OCD, bulemia, social phobia, I: MAOs, triclyclic
86
Citalopram
SSRI, MDD, OCD, panic, social phobia, risk of serotonin syndrome, CI: glaucoma, MAO, QT prolong, Preg
87
Amitriptyline
tricylic anti-depressant, chronic pain, mood disorder, don't use with MAO or SSRI CI: CV dz
88
Phenelzine
MAO inhibitor, Atypical antidepressant
89
Trazodone
5-HT2 antagonist, serotonin reuptake inhibitor, depression, panic, anxiety
90
Zopiclone
non-barbituate hypnotic, widely used, fast acting, short duration
91
zolpidem "ambien"
non-bartituate, rapid onset, short duration, less side effects CI: hepatic insufficiency
92
Carbamazepine
Manic-bipolar, trigeminal neuralgia, partial seizures CI: Preg
93
Lithium
bipolar disorder
94
Risperidone
schizophrenia/psychosis
95
Esomeprazole
PPI, GERD 1st line, Zollinger Ellison, PUD, H. pylori. Preg. Safe
96
Ranitidine
H2 antagonist, anti-ulcer, Preg. Safe
97
Sucralfate
Duodenal/stress ulcer
98
Metoclopramide
dopamine-receptor antagonist, anti-nausea (cancer treatment), GERD 2nd line
99
Misprostal
gastritis, inhibit gastric acid, Preg X
100
Dicyclomine
IBS, diarrhea, antispasmodic
101
Bismuth subsalicyte "pepto bismal"
binds to e coli toxins SE: nausea, black tongue, black stool
| CI: allergy to salicytes, Preg C/D, lactation
102
Bisacodyl "dulcolax"
stimulant laxative, constipation
103
Docusate
stool softner
104
loperamide
imodium, anti-diarrhea
105
Desmopressin
vasopressin analog, Von Willebrand's, hemophilia A, central diabetes insipidus, bedwetting
106
Sildenafil
viagara
107
tamusolin
BPH
108
finasteride
BPH, male baldness
109
tolterodine
urinary incontinence/over-active bladder
110
Colchicine
acute gout, causes B12 deficiency
111
EDTA
lead poisoning
112
DMSA
lead chelator
113
Penicillamine
chelates copper (Wilson's dz), arsenic, lead, RA
114
DMPS
mercury, arsenic
115
USP Thyroid
hypothyroid, takes 3 weeks to work
116
levothyroxine
hypo (t4 to T3)
117
Propylthiouracil
hyperthyroid (iodide to iodine)
118
Insulin
DM, risk of hypoglycemia
119
Metformin
T2DM, SE: B12 deficiency, GI symptims, lactic acidosis
120
Glyburide
T2DM, increase insulin - hypoglycemia risk CI: sulfur allergy
121
Clyclosporine
immunosuppressant, transplants, psoriasis, RA CI: lact., hypericum
122
Dexamethasone
corticosteroid - RA, bronchospasm, thrombocytopenia purpura, hematological maligancies, decrease platelets
123
Hydrocortisone
immunosuppression, adrenal insufficiency
124
Adalmumab "humira"
TNF alpha inhibitor - RA, Ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, Crohn's, UC, plaque psoriasis
125
Abatacept
juvenile arthritis, RA, psoriatic arthritis - regulate T cells
126
Sulfasalazine
anti-inflammatory, salicyte/sulfur allergy, Crohn's, RA, UC
127
Prednisone
immunosuppressant, acute asthma, giant cell arteritis, ITP, RA, SLE, Allergies, transplant
128
DHEA
addison's, vaginal atrophy, menopause to increase estrogen/testosterone and decrease cortisol
129
Alendronate
treat/prevent osteoporosis, Paget's, away from mineral water, coffee, tea or juice, take standing/sitting with water away from food
130
Raloxifene
SERM, prophylaxis osteoporosis, lower LDL, increase risk of breast/uterine cancer
CI: preg, lact. DVT, PE, hepatic/renal impairment
131
Acetylsalicylic acid
topically for neuropathic pain, aspirin + caffeine 1st line for migraines
132
Naproxen
RA, OA, Ankylosing Spond, migraines, dysmenorrhea, CI: allergy to aspirin, or NSAID, GI ulcers
133
Ibuprofen
do no combine with aspirin, CI: Preg X, PUD, decrease the effect of ACE inhibitors, Betablockers, diuretic, and decrease cartilage synthesis
134
Acetaminophen
3g/with alcohol causes liver failure, used when aspirin allergy, PUD, bleeding condition, gout and child viral infection
135
Celecoxib
OA, RA, pain, dysmenorrhea increased risk of MI, stroke, CI: pregnancy, lactation, aspirin allergy, hepatitis
136
Ketamine
NMDA, affects cortex & libic system
137
Methadone
opiod, heroine detox, opiod dependance, analgesia
138
Morphine
opiod, mod-severe, labour pain
139
oxycodone
opiod, mod-severe
140
heroin
opiod, acute pain
141
Naltrexone
opiod, alcohol dependance
142
Oxytocin
postpartum, labour induction, abortion
143
Canabis
analgesic, anti-emetic, appetite stimulant, glaucoma
144
Methocarbamol
robaxin, MSK pain, muscle relaxant
145
Methyl salicylate
"bengay"
