Conscience Flashcards
(39 cards)
What is Freuds book?
‘the outline of psychoanalysis’
what is the quote about the syneresis rule argued by Aquinas?
“that good must be done and evil avoided”
what is conscientia?
when the primary precepts are applied to situations
reason is used to make moral judgements
what did Aquinas argue was the conscience?
ratio used to understand and apply God’s natural law
understanding and applying natural moral law
what are the three features called that Aquinas argued was how the conscience works when applied to knowledge and decision making through our reason?
- witness
- bind and incite
- accuse, torment and rebuke
out of the three features our conscience used when making a moral decision, which one did Aquinas argue brought a ‘guilty conscience’?
final one
accuse
torment and
rebuke
what did Aquinas blame caused a mistake when making a moral decision?
what couldn’t make a mistake?
conscientia makes the mistake because of our application of the primary precepts
syneresis rule and primary precepts couldn’t be mistaken
name the two ignorances Aquinas presents for the conscience?
visible ignorance
invincible ignorance
what are the ignorances describe as a whole ?
errors in your conscience that has led you to do a sinful act and you’ll either be forgiven or pardoned depending on the type of ignorance that caused the error
whats invincible ignorance?
sounds like invisible!
where a person couldn’t have known better and so are not to blame for their actions
ie: a drunk person suddenly jumps infront of your car there was nothing you could have done , you wouldn’t be held responsible for hitting them
whats visible ignorance?
circumstances where a person could have known better and so are to blame for their actions
. ignorance for when a moral principle is relevant to a situation
ie: serving a dish to a person that has a nut allergy and not checking the ingredient packaging because you didn’t think it would be a problem. ignorant should have checked
what’s descriptive moral relativism?
vastly different moral beliefs across cultures
why did Flecther argue there couldn’t be a God-given ability of reason to discover natural law?
due to descriptive moral relativism
because everyone has a different culture etc. if we all had the same understanding of God given reason then should expect there to be more moral agreement than there is
how did Aquinas argue humanity come to know the syneresis rule and the primary precepts?
human reason can gain knowledge of God’s natural moral law through the ability to reason
why did Karl Barth reject Aquinas’ argument on the conscience?
placed a dangerous over reliance on human reason
if mankind able to know God through their own efforts revelation would be deemed as unnecessary
but God sent Jesus as revelation so God clearly thought it was important
also argued our minds are finite so we can never fully grasp about God
what did Freud argue the conscience was a result off?
psychological forces that science could understand
name the three parts freud argued our mind is divided into?
Id- unconscious animalistic desires
Ego - conscious decision making self
Super-ego - stores values we adopted from society during childhood
how do all three parts of the mind work together when deciding whether the action we want to do is morally correct?
argued by Freud
desire bubbles up in our unconscious Id
then lead to our conscious ego where we become aware of wanting to act on the desire
our super-ego tells us whether the values of society would allow this desire to be morally acceptable
if so we can act on the desire
if not been conditioned to suppress it
why did Freud argue our conscience wasn’t from God?
what society wants from us
who was Freud influenced by?
what did they argue?
Nietzche who was a German philosopher
argued human conscious mind developed by necessity when. humans underwent radical change
what is psychosexual development?
psychological development
each part associated with particular part of the body as the libido
name the psychosexual stages of development in order with the ages
5 stages
- oral (0-1)
- Anal (1-3)
- Phallic (3-6 years)
- Latency (6 to puberty)
- Genital (puberty to adulthood)
what is the oral stage of psychosexual development?
0-1 years
sucking and swallowing
what is the anal stage of psychosexual development?
1-3 years
withholding and expelling