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Psych > CONSCIOUSNESS DP 1-5 > Flashcards

CONSCIOUSNESS DP 1-5 Flashcards

1
Q

Consciousness

A

The awareness of our thoughts, feeling (internal) and our environment (external) at any moment in time
- hypothetical construct
- selective: we do not respond to everything (subjective)
- personal: unique and different for everyone
- continuous and changing: it goes without stopping and the contends blend into one another

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2
Q

Consciousness as a psychological construct

A

A psychological construct is a concept that is formed to describe specific patterns of activity
Consciousness cannot be observed directly and thus cannot be directly measured

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3
Q

Continuum of awareness

A

Focused / selective attention
ordinary wakefulness
-
daydreaming
meditation
hypnosis
sleep
anesthetized
coma

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4
Q

Normal waking consciousness (NWC)

A

States of consciousness associated with being awake and aware of internal and external environment

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5
Q

Altered state of consciousness (ASC)

A

Characteristics different from normal waking consciousness in terms of awareness of our internal and external environment

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6
Q

Physiological indicators

A
  • HR
  • Body temp
  • eye movement
  • muscle movement
  • brain waves
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7
Q

Psychological indicators
ACCEPTS - A

A
  • awareness
  • content limitations
  • cognitive distortions
  • emotional awareness
  • perception distortions
  • time orientation
  • self control
  • attention
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8
Q

electroencephalograph (EEG)

A
  • detects amplifies and records electrical activity of the brain (brainwaves)
  • electrical activity is produced from communication of brain neurons
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9
Q

electromyograph (EMG)

A
  • detects amplifies and records electrical activity of the muscle tone
  • little to no activity of these muscles indicates low levels of awareness
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10
Q

Electrooculogram (EOG)

A
  • detects amplifies and records electrical activity of the muscles around the eye
  • the higher the level of muscular activity, the more aware we are (vice versa)
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11
Q

Measurement of speed and accuracy on cognitive tasks

A

Comparing speed and accuracy on cognitive tasks (while in NWC) can be used as an indicator of one’s level of consciousness.
- done together

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12
Q

Measurement of speed

A
  • response or reaction time to a stimulus
  • reaction time decreases when in ASC/sleep deprived
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13
Q

Measurement of accuracy

A
  • number of correct/incorrect responses made by the individual
  • number of errors increases when in ASC/sleep deprived
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14
Q

Sleep laboratory

A

ADV - can use many devices (EEG. EMG, EOG, HR monitor)
DIS - sleep can be disrupted due to an artificial environment

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15
Q

Sleep diaries

A

A daily log that can be used to record an individual’s sleep-wake pattern, usually over a period of time.
ADV - gives perspective of individuals experience, time effective, thoughts/feeling of individual are taken into acc
DIS - highly subjective, may be dishonest, lack of reliability

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16
Q

Video monitoring

A

Uses video cameras to observe and record physiological responses of an individual sleep behaviour.
ADV - individual is not disturbed, can be monitored at home
DIS - no internal data, results can be subjective (open to different interpretations), reviewing videos may be time-consuming

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17
Q

Awareness

A

NWC - high levels of awareness of internal thoughts/feeling and external stimuli
ASC - low levels of awareness of internal thoughts/feeling and external stimuli

18
Q

Content limitations

A

Info held in consciousness
NWC - content can be limited through selective attention to become more organized/logical
ASC - content is fairly unlimited due to lack of control, is often illogical and disorganised

19
Q

Cognitive distortions

A

NWC - individuals are aware of their thoughts (clear and meaningful), thoughts are structured, focused and organized, capable of logical thinking effective, memory functioning
ASC - info processes is distorted, thinking may be fragmented and illogical, memory impairment, irrational thoughts

20
Q

Perceptual distortions

A

NWC - are clear, individual can process info from surrounding
ASC - perceptions are dulled / heightened, can be distorted

21
Q

Emotional awareness

A

NWC - individuals are aware of their feelings and show a normal range of appropriate emotions
ASC - emotional responses tend to be inappropriate heightened, dulled, unpredictable

22
Q

Self control

A

NWC - conscious ability to maintain self control
ASC - difficulty maintaining self control, controlling movement - may engage in unusual/risky behaviour

23
Q

Time orientation

A

NWC - perception of time in relation to past, present and future is accurate
ASC - sense of time is distorted - perceived as moving faster/slower

24
Q

Controlled process

A

Provides a great deal of mental effort. The task is either complex or not well rehearsed.

25
Q

Automatic process

A

​​Processes requiring little conscious awareness, mental effort and minimal attention
→ Our controlled processes can become automatic processes when practised a lot

26
Q

Attention

A

The process where we selectively focus on and concentrate our mental activity towards certain environmental stimuli, while ignoring/excluding other stimuli

27
Q

Focused attention

A

When attention is highly focused, concentration on specific thoughts, feelings or sensations dominates our consciousness that other incoming information may not be noticed.

28
Q

Selective attention

A

The ability to focus awareness on a single stimulus to the exclusion of other stimuli.

29
Q

Divided attention

A

Refers to the ability to distribute our attention and undertake two or more activities simultaneously

30
Q

Beta

A
  • High frequency, low amplitude
  • awake/alert/focused attention
31
Q

Alpha

A
  • high - med frequency, low amplitude
  • daydreaming/light meditation/drowsiness
32
Q

Theta

A
  • med frequency, some high/low amplitude
  • deep meditation/light sleep
33
Q

Delta

A
  • low frequency, high amplitude
  • deep sleep / anaesthetic
34
Q

Frequency

A

no. of waves/sec

35
Q

Amplitude

A

Peaks and troughs

36
Q

Stimulants

A

Drugs that increases nervous system and body activity (excite/arouse the body)
- increase HR, blood pressure, body temp, brain activity
↓amplitude, ↑frequency
eg. caffeine, nicotine, cocaine

37
Q

Depressants

A

Drugs that decreases nervous system and body activity (sedate the body)
- decrease - HR, breathing and has a relaxing effect on the mind
↑amplitude, ↓frequency
eg. alcohol, opioids, marijuana

38
Q

BAC 0.05

A

= 17 hours of sleep deprivation

39
Q

BAC 0.1

A

= 24 hours of sleep deprivation

40
Q

Sleep deprivation

A
  • detrimental effects on the body both physically and psychologically
  • difficulty focusing eyes, lack of energy and strength, slurred speech, decline in ability to perform simple tasks

Psych (16 decks)

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