Consciusness 2 Flashcards
(110 cards)
Unconsciously learning a specific rule or pattern, is known as what?
Implicit Learning.
What is the artificial grammar test to do with?
Implicit Learning.
Reber 1967, created the ____ grammar test and it what did this demonstrate?
Artificial, performance was better after previous exposure to similar strings of letters/ grammatical examples.
The artificial grammar test was also performed on _____, to what accuracy did they do it to?
Amnesics, 50 % accuracy. (to get 100% would have to use conscious)
In the artificial grammar test, could the participants identify what the rules were?
No they couldn’t say what the underlying rules were= Unconscious, this shows implicit learning.
In the artificial grammar test, knowledge transferred across letter sets, therefore the _____ _____ was _________.
Deep Structure, Learned.
What was a criticism of the artificial grammar test?
That people are not learning rule structure, they are just memorizing whole exemplars and matching them on similarity.
A problem with the artificial grammar test is that people could be learning bits of the ________ and just deciding based on if any part of the novel (new) string seems _________.
Exemplar, Familiar.
What type of processing only requires short term store (conscious)?
Controlled Processing.
What is automatic processing?
The repeated use in long term store means connections become relatively permanent- automatic, so don’t rely on awareness (unconscious).
At first learning to drive a car requires _____ processing but over time it soon turns into _______ processing.
Controlled, Automatic.
Schneider & Shiffrin 1977, either asked participants to search for both letters and numbers (varied) or just numbers (consistent), what were the types of processing used?
- In Varied- it took participants longer as it required a slow serial search using conscious resources.
- This used controlled processing
- In consistent- it could be performed quickly as we are used to picking out numbers from letters
- This used automatic processing
In controlled processing, we tend to _____ actions in order to learn them, however if it turns into automatic processing these actions become ____ and come ______ to us.
Chunk, one/fluent, naturally.
It is hard to break down this automatic processing. What is a Yip?
When we stop and think too much about an automatic action, we overthink how to do it and become unable to do it.
What are the necessary brain areas for consciousness known as collectively?
Neural Correlates of Consciousness.
What brain areas are responsible for generally being “conscious”?
-Thalamus and the reticular activating system.
What varies dependant on what the content is?
The contents of consciousness.
When does the thalamus stop?
When we sleep, we don’t take anything in from the outside world etc.
Tong et al (1988) put different pictures in front of each eye, what did this test and monitor?
This tested the concept of Binocular Rivalry- we can only be aware of one picture at a time, so awareness flips between them.
Tong monitored brain activity for this experiment.
Faces and Houses activate _______ ______ areas of the brain.
Different, localized.
In tong’s experiment what happened?
Although both pictures were constantly in view, only one of the localized areas would be activated at any one time.
In Tong’s experiment, different areas of the brain ere activated when people’s ______ of house or face changed, even though both were constantly in ______.
Awareness, View.
Tong’s binocular rivalry displayed that this was a ______- experience rather than a ______ experience.
Conscious, Perceptual.
Baars said we had lots of _____, very ______ and ______ _________. What do they all do?
Different, specialised, unconscious modules.
The modules communicate with one another.
