Personality-Psychodynamic Theories

Question 1

Name the main person to do with psychodynamic theory.

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

Thomas Hobbes influenced Freud with what idea?

Answer 2

The idea that humans have a brutish nature eg. we savages and self-centred.

Question 3

Hermann von Helmholtz studied physics, what did he believe about humans that influenced Freud?

Answer 3

That we conserve energy but this has to released somehow eg. through impulses eg. sexual/aggressive

Question 4

What was Freud’s Basic Assumption?

Answer 4

That the mind is in 3 parts

Question 5

Name the 3 parts of the mind that Freud came up with.

Answer 5

Conscious, Preconscious and Unconscious

Question 6

Thoughts are ______.

Answer 6

conscious

Question 7

Name an example of something preconscious.

Answer 7

memories/ stored knowledge

Question 8

Irrational wishes, fears, selfish needs, sexual desires, shameful experiences would all be classed in what part of the mind?

Answer 8

The unconscious part of the mind.

Question 9

Freud’s theory is called ______ _______ ________.

Answer 9

Freudian Personality Theory

Question 10

Firstly Freud said there was a ____ of personality.

Answer 10

structure

Question 11

Name the 3 parts to the structure of personality.

Answer 11

Id, Ego and Superego

Question 12

Id is known as the _____ principle.

Answer 12

Pleasure

Question 13

The “I want” immediately structure of personality is known as the ____.

Answer 13

Id

Question 14

Id is partly ____ and partly _____.

Answer 14

unconscious, preconscious

Question 15

Ego is known as the _____ principle.

Answer 15

Reality

Question 16

what doe ego have some control over?

Answer 16

Ego has some control over Id

Question 17

How many years does it take to develop Ego?

Answer 17

It takes 2 years, babies are all Id

Question 18

What principle is Superego called?

Answer 18

it is called the morality principle.

Question 19

Superego exists in ____ parts of the mind.

Answer 19

ALL

Question 20

What structure exists in conscious and preconscious mind?

Answer 20

Ego

Question 21

When you have done something wrong, you feel shame, this is known as the ______ _____.

Answer 21

super-ego.

Question 22

If Id found a bank note what would they do?

Answer 22

Take note and run

Question 23

If Ego found a bank note what would they do?

Answer 23

Debate, see the reality of the situation, did anyone else see man drop the note, weigh out pros and cons etc.

Question 24

If Superego found a bank note what would they do?

Answer 24

They would do the right thing and give the bank note back to the man.

Question 25

The second thing that Freud looked at was the _____ of personality.

Answer 25

dynamic

Question 26

Name a Dynamic of personality.

Answer 26

Anxiety

Question 27

Name the different types of anxiety that you can get.

Answer 27

Objective, neurotic, moral

Question 28

What is objective anxiety?

Answer 28

Being scared of a physical thing/object eg. thinking you are going to be hit by a bus

Question 29

If you are worried that people know how you actually feel what sort of anxiety is this?

Answer 29

Neurotic Anxiety

Question 30

Name an example of moral anxiety.

Answer 30

feeling shame/guilt.

Question 31

People with anxiety have _____ mechanisms.

Answer 31

defence

Question 32

When we make a frightening impulse unconscious, what is this type of defence mechanism called?

Answer 32

Repression

Question 33

The refusal to acknowledge something objectively or face reality is called _____.

Answer 33

Denial

Question 34

What is projection?

Answer 34

Projection is putting one of the qualities you hate about yourself onto someone else so you hate them instead of yourself.

Question 35

Suppression then subsequently a random explosion of emotion at another (inappropriate) time is known as ______

Answer 35

displacement

Question 36

What is reaction formation?

Answer 36

concealing a motif from themselves by having a strong expression for opposite motif. eg. sexual urges=become a nun.

Question 37

What was the 3rd factor of personality that Freud studied?

Answer 37

Development of personality

Question 38

Development of personality happens in a _____ of _______ as a ______.

Answer 38

series, stages, child

Question 39

What does adult personality depend on?

Answer 39

How they resolved conflicts as a child.

Question 40

What theory did freud come up with regarding development of personality, that was controversial at the time?

Answer 40

The theory of infantile sexuality

Question 41

_____ zones become focus of sexual pleasure and frustration.

Answer 41

erogenous

Question 42

Failure to resolve conflict at any stage in the development of personality as a child leads to _______.

Answer 42

fixation

Question 43

There are 5 ______ stages of development of personality.

Answer 43

psychosexual

Question 44

Name the 5 psychosexual stages.

Answer 44

``` oral stage anal stage phallic stage latency stage genital stage ```

Question 45

0 to 18 months is the _______ stage.

Answer 45

oral

Question 46

summarise the oral stage.

Answer 46

babies get pleasure from putting stuff in their mouth

Question 47

The anal stage is from _____ months to ____ years.

Answer 47

18 months to 3 years

Question 48

summarise the anal stage.

Answer 48

derive pleasure from relieving tension in bowels aka. pooing

Question 49

From ages to 3 to 5 years old, this is said to be the _______ stage.

Answer 49

phallic

Question 50

In the phallic stage pleasure comes from the increased _____ of the ____. A ____ ____ if you like.

Answer 50

sensitivity, genitals, sexual awakening

Question 51

What is controversial at the phallic stage?

Answer 51

Freud said that male kids have sexual feelings for their mother.

Question 52

What and when is the latency stage?

Answer 52

The latency stage is when sexuality becomes dormant. This happens from 6 until puberty.

Question 53

The stage lasting from puberty until adulthood is known as the _____ stage.

Answer 53

genital

Question 54

Describe the genital stage.

Answer 54

Sexual re-awakening; mature sexual love now.

Question 55

What does psychic determinism mean?

Answer 55

This means that no behaviour happens by chance, there is a reason for every thought/feeling/action, even if it is unconsciously motivated.

Question 56

The Psychopathology of Everyday Life is a book that ___ wrote.

Answer 56

Freud

Question 57

What did Freud believe that mistakes did?

Answer 57

betrayed our true feelings/thoughts- a reason behind our mistakes

Question 58

Give another name for parapraxis.

Answer 58

Freudian slip

Question 59

What is a Freudian Slip?

Answer 59

a minor error in speech or action, that is not random, instead it gives something away eg. unconscious wish

Question 60

"Good morning be-headed... uh...I mean beloved" is an example of a _____ _____.

Answer 60

Freudian Slip.

Question 61

_____ are a "royal road to the unconscious".

Answer 61

dreams

Question 62

define manifest content vs latent content.

Answer 62

What a dream actually contains vs what the dream symbolises

Question 63

In dreams ___ uses symbols to represent meaning. Why?

Answer 63

Ego. If we didn't have symbols eg. if it was latent, it would be too upsetting.

Question 64

The problem of ______ is a concern about psychodynamic evidence.

Answer 64

interpretation

Question 65

There is no ___ ___ for this theory. Only people's _____ were interpreted.

Answer 65

raw data, accounts

Question 66

_____ evidence for Freudian concepts have mixed results.

Answer 66

Empiricial

Question 67

Levinger and Clark tested Freud's ____ hypothesis by showing participants negatively charged and neutral words. However did the full results agree with Freud's theory?

Answer 67

Repression, No

Question 68

What was the main psychodynamic formulation after Sigmund Freud?

Answer 68

Ego Psychology (Anna Freud, Erikson and Horney)

Question 69

What did Ego Psychology believe?

Answer 69

They emphasised the skills and adaptive capabilities' of ego, more than id, as they believed that ego is key to personality.

Question 70

Objects relations theory and attachment theory are also other ______ formulations.

Answer 70

psychodynamic

Question 71

In Ego Psychology, there was a proposed _____ of _____ mechanisms.

Answer 71

hierarchy, defence

Question 72

What are coping patterns?

Answer 72

How we resolve or deal with conflicts (any situation that life hits us with).

Question 73

Humour, suppression and altruism are examples of ______ coping patterns.

Answer 73

mature

Question 74

Name the most immature coping patterns.

Answer 74

Denial and distortion

Question 75

If you cope well with life/a mature coper, Valliant found what?

Answer 75

These people generally had a better income, were more satisfied with job, marriage and friends.

Question 76

The Psychodynamic Approach remains _______.

Answer 76

controversial

Question 77

The psychodynamic approach is impressive in ____ and _____ but has no shortage of general and specific _____.

Answer 77

scope, influence, criticisms

Question 78

What did the psychodynamic approach have a massive impact on?

Answer 78

Psychology in general and beyond

Question 79

Who is the important person here?

Answer 79

FREUD