Consonant Sound Names

Question 1

Velar sounds

Answer 1

Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth. . Velar consonants in English are [k], [g] and [ŋ].

Question 2

Dental sounds

Answer 2

These are sounds produced using the teeth. In British Standard English, there are only 2 dental sounds you need to know – the theta (/θ/) sound in words like ‘through’ and the thorn (/ð/) sound in words like ‘this’.

Question 3

Alveolar sounds

Answer 3

These are produced by the tongue being pressed against the alveolar ridge. These are sounds like /t/ in ‘teeth’.

Question 4

Palatal sounds

Answer 4

• These are produced when the tongue is against the hard palate.
• There is only one phoneme you need to know for your exam, and that is the yod (/j/). You may recall the yod from accent and dialect.

Question 5

Labiodental sounds

Answer 5

These involve using both the teeth and the lip(s). These are sounds like /f/ in words like ‘five’.

Question 6

Bilabial sounds

Answer 6

These are produced by using (bi) both (labials) lips. These are sounds like /m/ in words like ‘monkey’_.

Question 7

Palato-alveolar sounds

Answer 7

• This group is sometimes called post-alveolar and grouped into palatal.
• These are produced when the tongue is pressed past the alveolar ridge, but not quite at the hard palate. These are sounds like /ʃ/ in words like ‘shoe’.

Question 8

Glottal sounds

Answer 8

• These are sounds produced in the glottis.
• There are two you need to know: the /h/ phoneme in words like ‘house’ and the glottal stop (the missing out of the /t/ sound in words) in words like ‘butter’ making it sound like ‘bu-er’.

Question 9

Manner of articulation- Affricates

Answer 9

Affricates start as plosives and end as fricatives. For example, the /tʃ/ in words like ‘church’.

Question 10

Manner of articulation- Approximant

Answer 10

Approximant is when articulators are brought close together but are not fully touching. For example, the lips don’t fully touch when making the /w/ sound in words like ‘word’.

Question 11

Manner of articulation- Nasals

Answer 11

Nasals are sounds which release air through the nose and not through the mouth. For example, the /n/ in words like ‘night’.

Question 12

Manner of articulation- fricatives

Answer 12

Fricatives are pushes of air. For example, the /f/ sound in ‘five’.

Question 13

Manner of articulation- Lateral approximant

Answer 13

• Lateral approximant is produced by air being forced between the sides of the tongue and the tongue being pressed against the alveolar ridge.
• There are 2 lateral approximant consonant sounds:
  
  • Clear /l/ (before a vowel), in ‘law’ and ‘leaf’.
  • Dark /ɫ/ (at the end or before a consonant), in ‘all’ and ‘feel’.

Question 14

Manner of articulation- Plosives

Answer 14

These are quick release of built-up air. For example, the /g/ sound in ‘green’.

Question 15

• You MUST follow this set order for phonology:

Answer 15

• Voice → place of articulation → manner of articulation → (phoneme)
  
  • For example: the voiced bilabial plosive (/b/)…

Question 16

b

Answer 16

Voiced bilabial plosive

Question 17

d

Answer 17

Voiced alveolar plosive

Question 18

f

Answer 18

Voiceless labiodental fricative

Question 19

g

Answer 19

Voiced velar plosive

Question 20

h

Answer 20

Voiceless glottal frocative

Question 21

d3 e.g. job, join, age

Answer 21

Voiced palato-alveolar affricate

Question 22

Voiced

Answer 22

You vibrate your vocal cords to make the sound

Question 23

K

Answer 23

Voiceless velar plosive

Question 24

l

Answer 24

Voiced Alveolar Lateral approximate

Question 25

m

Answer 25

Voiced bilabial nasal

Question 26

p

Answer 26

Voiceless bilabial plosive

Question 27

r

Answer 27

Voiced alveolar approximant

Question 28

s

Answer 28

Voiceless alveolar fricative

Question 29

t

Answer 29

Voiceless alveolar plosive

Question 30

v

Answer 30

Voiced labiodental fricative

Question 31

w

Answer 31

Voiced bilabial approximant

Question 32

z

Answer 32

Voiced alveolar fricative

Question 33

E.g. television (3 with straight line)

Answer 33

Voiced palato-alveolar fricative

Question 34

tf without horizontal line (cheese)

Answer 34

Voiceless palato-alveolar affricate

Question 35

f without horizontal line (shall)

Answer 35

Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative

Question 36

O with line through the middle (think)

Answer 36

Voiceless dental fricative

Question 37

Weird o with cross at top- this

Answer 37

Voiced dental Fricative

Question 38

n with funny line

Answer 38

Voiced velar nasal

Question 39

j

Answer 39

Voiced palatal approximant

Question 40

Vowel- i:

Answer 40

Sh(ee)p

Question 41

Vowel- I

Answer 41

sh(i)p

Question 42

U like horseshoe

Answer 42

b(oo)k

Question 43

u:

Answer 43

boot

Question 44

e

Answer 44

Egg

Question 45

e but upside down

Answer 45

th(e)

Question 46

3:

Answer 46

b(I)rd

Question 47

c : but c other way around ):

Answer 47

f(a)ll

Question 48

æ

Answer 48

Cat

Question 49

^

Answer 49

C(u)p

Question 50

a:

Answer 50

Car

Question 51

D

Answer 51

G(o)t