Consultation skills for prescribing Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is therapeutic empathy?
Therapeutic empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of the patient.
What is the Calgary-Cambridge Model?
The Calgary-Cambridge Model is a framework for medical consultations that emphasizes effective communication.
What are the steps in initiating a consultation?
1) Introduce yourself and your role. 2) Read the notes prior to the consultation. 3) Confirm the identity of the patient. 4) Clarify the agenda for both the clinician and the patient.
What should be gathered during the information gathering phase?
Medical history, current medication adherence, allergies, family/social history, lifestyle factors, understanding of conditions, and any concerns.
What does the acronym SOCRATES stand for?
Site, Onset, Character, Radiation, Associated symptoms, Time, Exacerbating and relieving factors, Severity.
What are the components of the explanation and planning phase?
Involve the patient in decisions, explain treatment options, discuss risks and benefits, and ensure the patient can make a valid informed decision.
What should be done during the closing of the session?
Summarize the agreed plan, confirm patient understanding, and establish expectations for next steps or follow-up.
What areas should be covered in the treatment plan?
Expected outcomes, recognition of unexpected outcomes, actions if the plan is not working, and follow-up requirements.
What are key principles in patient communication?
Explore patient’s ideas and concerns, accept their views, provide information in chunks, make suggestions, negotiate plans, and summarize.
What are the red flags for cardiovascular system?
SOB
Exercise tolerance
Orthopnoea
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnoea (PND)
Chest pain/angina
Palpitations
Dizziness/ blackouts
Ankle swelling
Calf/leg pain
Tiredness
What are the respiratory system red flags ?
SOB
Exercise tolerance
Wheeze
Chest pain
Cough
Phlegm
Haemoptysis
Stridor
Hoarse voice
What are the GI red flags?
Weight loss or gain
Appetite
Indigestion/ heartburn
Dysphagia
Nausea/vomiting
Haematemesis
Abdominal pain
Jaundice
Swellings
Change in bowel habit
Description of stool
What are the CNS red flags?
Headaches
Fits, faints, loss of consciousness
Dizziness
Vision - acuity, diplopia
Hearing
Weakness
Numbness/tingling
Loss of memory/personality change
Anxiety/ depression
What are the general red flags?
Fatigue
Malaise
Fever
Rigor
Night sweats
Weight
Appetite
Skin - rashes/ bruising
Sleep disturbance
Mood
What is differential diagnosis?
List of possible medical causes behind the presenting symptoms or physical findings.
What is provisional diagnosis?
Most likely diagnosis based on symptoms findings and information gathering but not a fully committed diagnosis.
What is involved in explanation and planning?
After information gathering, summarise and consider any physical examination.
What are the steps for involving the patient in decisions?
1) Explore care or treatment options and their risks or benefits with the patient. 2) Try to avoid ‘chunk and check’. 3) Discuss the choices available in an honest and open manner. 4) The patient needs to be able to make ‘a VALID informed decision’. 5) Reach a decision about treatment together and formulate a plan.
What can be used to aid a patient in coming to a decision?
Decision aids can be used to aid a patient in coming to a decision.
What is involved in agreeing the plan?
Summarise the agreed action, confirm the patient has understood the information discussed, and establish expectations for next steps or follow-up.
What should safety netting cover?
Areas to cover include expected outcomes of treatment/plan, how to recognise unexpected outcomes, what to do if the plan is not working, and follow-up requirements.
What is important to recognise in clinical practice?
Recognise limits of your competence.
