Contraception

Question 1

which site of action does the combined hormonal contraception work at?

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
fallopian tube

Answer 1

which site of action does the combined hormonal contraception work at?

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 2

which site of action does the injection work at?

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Answer 2

which site of action does the injection work at?

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 3

which site of action does the implnat work at?

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Answer 3

which site of action does the implnat work at?

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 4

which site of action does the progesterone only pill work at? [2]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Answer 4

which site of action does the progesterone only pill work at? [2]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 5

which site of action does the IUS work at? [2]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Answer 5

which site of action does the IUS work at? [2]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 6

which site of action does the IUD work at? [1]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Answer 6

which site of action does the IUD work at? [1]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 7

which site of action does the CHC work at? [1]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Answer 7

which site of action does the CHC work at? [1]

ovary
endometrium
cervix
fundus
​fallopian tube

Question 8

Answer 8

Question 9

during the female menstrual cycle, what is the role of oestrogen? [2]

Answer 9

causes endometrial proliferation
LH surge

Question 10

what is the role of LH during the female menstrual cycle? [3]

Answer 10

causes ovulation [1]
corpus luteum formation [1]
cause oestrogen and progesterone rise [1]

Question 11

what is the role of progesterone during the female menstrual cycle? [1]

Answer 11

endometrial thickening

Question 12

which hormone peaks at ovulation?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone

Answer 12

which hormone peaks at ovulation?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 13

which hormone causes endometrial thickening?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 13

which hormone causes endometrial thickening?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 14

which hormone causes corpus luteum formation?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 14

which hormone causes corpus luteum formation?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 15

which hormone causes oestrogen levels to rise?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 15

which hormone causes oestrogen levels to rise?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 16

which of following is A?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 16

which of following is A?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 17

which of following is C?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 17

which of following is C?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 18

which of following is B?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 18

which of following is B?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 19

which of following is D?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Answer 19

which of following is D?

LH
FSH
Oestrogen
Progesterone
​Testosterone

Question 20

the combined pill is a combination of which two hormones? [2]

Answer 20

oestrogen and progesterone

Question 21

what is the MoA of combined pill? [3]

Answer 21

Inhibits LH and FSH –> prevents ovulation

Thickens cervical mucus –> natural sperm barrier

Thins endometrium –> prevents implantation

Question 22

name 3 advantages
name 3 disadvantages of cominbed pill

Answer 22

Question 23

what is the mode of action of progesterone only pill? [3]

Answer 23

Thickens cervical mucus –> natural sperm barrier

Thins endometrium –> prevents implantation

Inhibits ovulation (97% desogestrel, 60% others)

Question 24

how does emergency contraception work?

Answer 24

Oral

Mode of action: Delay ovulation

Levonelle. Levonorgestrel 1.5mg single dose. Licensed up to 72 hours post-UPSI. Pregnancy rate 0.6 – 2.6%

EllaOne. Ullipristal acetate 30mg single dose. Licensed up to 120 hours post-UPSI. Pregnancy rate 1 – 2%

Question 25

how does IUD work? [4]

Answer 25

* Inhibits fertilisation by direct toxicity * Affects i**mplantation by causing endometrial inflammation** * Overall pregnancy rate \<0.1% * Licensed up to 5 days after UPSI / earliest possible ovulation

Question 26

which type of contraception works by being spermicidal? IUD combined pill progesterone only pill copper coil pull out method

Answer 26

which type of contraception works by being spermicidal? IUD combined pill progesterone only pill **copper coil** pull out method

Question 27

how does Intrauterine device / IUD / Copper coil work? [3]

Answer 27

* Copper is spermicidal * Thickens **cervical mucus** --\> natural sperm barrier * May act as physical barrier to implantation

Question 28

name 3 advantages & 3 disadvantges of IUD / copper coil

Answer 28

Question 29

what is difference in failure rate for condom if used: i) perfectly [1] ii) normally [1]

Answer 29

what is difference in failure rate for condom if used: i) perfectly: **2 per 100 woman years** ​ii) normally: **18 per 100 woman years**

Question 30

what is natural family planning / rhythm method / fertility awareness MoA? [4]

Answer 30

charting of various indicators of female fertility including: * Temperature * Consistency of cervical mucus * Position of cervix * Day of cycle

Question 31

advantages / disdvantages of natural family planning?

Answer 31

Question 32

what is failure rate of natural family planning if used perfectly [1] & typically? [1]

Answer 32

* If used perfectly failure rate is 0.5 per 100 woman years * If used typically failure rate is 24 per 100 woman years

Question 33

what is MoA of female sterilisation?

Answer 33

Typically, **laparoscopic bilateral tubal occlusion** with clips/ligation/rings/diathermy Can be done under local or general anaesthetic

Question 34

male sterilisation MoA? [1]

Answer 34

Ligation/diathermy/excision of **vas deferens bilaterally**

Question 35

how does emergency contraception work with IUD?

Answer 35

The intrauterine device (IUD) is a small, T-shaped plastic and copper device that's put into your womb (uterus) by a doctor or nurse. It releases copper to stop the egg implanting in your womb or being fertilised. * Inhibits fertilisation by direct toxicity * Affects implantation by causing **endometrial inflammation** * Overall pregnancy rate \<0.1% * Licensed up to 5 days after UPSI / earliest possible ovulation

Question 36

when during the menstrual cycle are you least fertile (if it was a 28 day cycle) [2]

Answer 36

days 1-7 [1] and 17-28 [1]

Question 37

which hormone does the IUS cause contraception by elevating levels of? LH FSH oestrogen progesterone ​ADH

Answer 37

which hormone does the IUS cause contraception by elevating levels of? LH FSH oestrogen **progesterone** ​ADH

Question 38

the emergency pill causes a big bleed because of an increased level of: LH FSH oestrogen progesterone ​ADH

Answer 38

the emergency pill causes a big bleed because of an increased level of: LH FSH oestrogen **progesterone** ​ADH

Question 39

which patient populations would not be advised to have the combined pill? [3]

Answer 39

if already have blood clots [1] if suffer from migraines [1] already have high BP [1]

Question 40

what is the dosing regimen for combined pill? [1] what is the dosing regimen for pop? [1]

Answer 40

what is the dosing regimen for combined pill? [1] **3 weeks on, 1 week off** what is the dosing regimen for pop? [1] **everyday**

Question 41

in which cases does the combined pill become ineffective? [3]

Answer 41

if suffered from diarrhoea; vomiting; or antibiotics